Quick treatment of a runny nose in a child with folk remedies. Treatment of the common cold in children - the most effective nasal drops, folk remedies, rinsing and warming Super remedy for the common cold for children

A remedy for a cold for children should always be prescribed by a doctor, parents should not do it on their own, so as not to harm their child. Remedies for the common cold for children can be divided into groups, which will be discussed below.

These remedies for a runny nose in children can help keep a child's nose clear of mucus for a while, but then the runny nose will reappear. It must be remembered that such drops do not cure colds and can raise blood and intraocular pressure in a child or increase the rhythm of the heart muscle. This type of medication causes swelling of the mucous membranes of the nose when used for a long time, so they should not be used for more than a week. These medications interfere with the absorption of other medications, so they should not be used with other rhinitis medications. They can only be combined with an interval of ¾ hours.

The most popular vasoconstrictor drops are listed below:

1. Naphthyzine is a drug based on naphazoline. This group includes both Sanorin and Nafazolin, which has a short duration of effect on the symptoms of the disease - about 4 hours. It dries up the mucous membranes to a greater extent than other drugs, and can cause very unpleasant feelings in the child.
2. Children can be given drops, which include xylometazoline as the main substance. This group of drugs includes such medicines as: Xymelin, Galazolin, Brizolin, Evkazolin, Nosolin, Rinomaris, Tizin, Rinostop. These drugs have a longer duration than naphazoline - more than 5 hours with a milder effect on the mucous membranes. Such drops contain substances to moisturize the mucous membranes.
3. Most long action oxymetazoline has a runny nose. It lasts over 11 hours. But along with such drops, moisturizers must be used. Such drugs with oxymetazoline include Nazol, Nazivin, Knoxprey. They are good for colds in children.

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Moisturizers

These drops include all products created on the basis of a solution of salts included in sea water. The pharmacy chain sells medicines called Aqualor, Salin, Physiomer, Aqua Maris. These drugs moisturize the nasal mucosa well, reduce swelling, thin the mucus, and partially relieve inflammation. They cannot act instantly, but unlike vasoconstrictor drops, they cure the underlying disease.

However, they did not find any side effects, which makes it possible to safely use these funds in the treatment of children.

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Drops that destroy viruses and antibacterial agents

Such solutions are very effective when used at the time of the onset of the first symptoms of a runny nose and used regularly with careful adherence to the instructions. If everything is done correctly, the child will get rid of the disease in 2-3 days. Antiviral drops are made on the basis of interferon, which produces human body to fight infection. Among the drugs from this group belong Nazoferon and Gripferon. You can also use dry interferon, diluting it in water and applying it in the form of drops. Medicines of this type can be given even to infants, since the drugs do not have side effects.

Antibiotic drops can be used to fight various bacteria in the common cold. But they are recommended to be used only as directed by a doctor. Among these drugs, Polydex, Bioparox and Isofra have proven themselves most well. These medicines are also suitable for curing a child from sinusitis.

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Phytotherapy and homeopathic medicines against the common cold

Drops from extracts of various herbs are quite effective. They destroy the infection, eliminate the inflammatory process, moisturize the mucous structures of the nose. The most popular of these drops is Pinosol. It is also available as a nose cream. But this medicine has a contraindication: it can cause an allergy in a child due to the fact that it contains essential oils that are contraindicated for babies under 3 years old.

For a complex effect on the common cold, homeopathic solutions are well suited, which can relieve swelling, have antiviral, anti-inflammatory effects. Along with this, they restore immunity. They have no contraindications and side effects, but you need to use these drops strictly according to the doctor's instructions. These drugs include Euphorbium komposium, Delufen, Edas 131.

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Combined remedies to combat the common cold

The composition of such drugs is complex due to the presence of several therapeutic components. Such drops include antibiotics, anti-allergic drugs, substances that constrict blood vessels. The most famous of these funds is Vibropil. These drops can only be given to children with a doctor's prescription. They well eliminate any kind of runny nose.

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What drops can be used if the child is less than 5 years old?

In the treatment of infants and toddlers under the age of 4 years, the 5 most popular drops can be used. In the first place is the drug already mentioned above - Aqua Maris.

A similar preparation based on purified sea water collected on the Adriatic coast is produced under the name Aquaor Baby. It contains only natural substances and there are no preservatives in this medicine. This is sterile water from the Adriatic Sea. It contains the following microelements: selenium, magnesium, zinc, potassium, sodium, etc. The medicine cleanses the baby's body and eliminates inflammation, improves its immunity. Apply Aqualor Baby in such situations:

• for the prevention and treatment of SARS and influenza;
• if the baby has symptoms of adenitis or sinusitis;
• with the hygiene of the nasal cavity of the child;
• for moisturizing mucous surfaces when using vasoconstrictor drops.

Otrivin Baby is actually a normal saline solution based on sodium chloride. It cleans the inner surfaces of the nasal passages and sinuses well and moisturizes these structures. The medicine increases the baby's body's ability to resist infection at the local level. Applies in the following cases:

• for everyday hygienic cleaning of the baby's nose;
• in the treatment of colds and runny nose and during the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections.

This drug is available in the form of drops or spray. Some children may have an allergic reaction to substances from Otrivin Baby. It has no other side effects and contraindications.

Another medicine for babies is Vibrocil. This drug is based on dimethindene and phenylephrene. It contains lavender oil as an auxiliary component, so the drug has a slightly specific taste and smell. This medicine greatly facilitates the breathing of an infant with a cold and eliminates swelling of the mucous membranes.

Another vasoconstrictor for young children is based on phenylephrine: these are Nazol Baby drops. It is designed exclusively for children under the age of 5 years. This medicinal product produced in bottles of 15 milliliters. When exposed to the disease, it quickly reduces the swelling of the mucous membrane in the baby and makes it easier for him to breathe. The medicine is indicated for use in the following situations:

• the child has symptoms of SARS, flu, colds other etiology;
• with allergies.

Since Nazol Baby can be used for children from birth, the dosage of the medicine should correspond to the age of the baby. For example, at the age of less than 12 months, it is necessary to drip drop by drop up to 4 times a day, and if he is from a year to 6 years old, then 1-2 drops every 6 hours. Although this medication is designed specifically for young children, the following restrictions must be considered when using it:

1. You can use Nazol Baby in a row for no more than 3 days.
2. If a small child diabetes, diseases of the heart and blood vessels, increased sensitivity to the substances included in the medicine, then Nazol Baby is strictly prohibited for use.
3. During the use of this medication, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the dosage, since in case of an overdose in a child, the rhythm of the heart muscle may be disturbed or nervous overexcitation may begin.
4. During treatment with drops, the baby may have a headache, he will not sleep well, complain of tingling in the nose (if he already knows how to speak). The child may also become dizzy.

The smaller the baby in age, the more caution should be used Nazol Baby.

Runny nose in children is a fairly common phenomenon. It can occur both in a baby from the first days of life, and at a later age. However, in any childhood a runny nose is difficult to tolerate - the baby is naughty, sleeps restlessly at night and eats little. Parents try to call a doctor as soon as possible, purchase necessary medicines and start treatment as soon as possible. After all, the duration of the disease will depend on the correctness of the actions.

How does a runny nose develop?

In medicine, the common cold, scientifically called rhinitis or rhinorrhea, is not considered as an independent disease. Usually this symptom accompanies others infectious diseases: influenza, acute respiratory infections, SARS. On average, a runny nose lasts 7-10 days. Depending on the duration of rhinitis, in otolaryngology, three stages of the development of the disease are distinguished:

reflex stage. It develops with hypothermia of the body and is accompanied by dryness and burning in the nasal cavity, repeated sneezing and shortness of breath. The duration of this stage is several hours.

catarrhal stage. It develops under the influence of viruses, which leads to an increase in the symptoms of the disease. The second stage of the disease is characterized by profuse watery discharge from the nose, as well as a decrease in olfactory abilities. However, for a disease that is of a protracted nature, lacrimation, ear congestion and inflammation of the vocal cords may join these symptoms. The duration of the catarrhal stage is several days.

Final stage. It is accompanied by infection of the body with a bacterial infection: nasal discharge becomes more viscous and acquires a green-yellow color. However, after the appearance of these symptoms, the patient is gradually recovering. At the end of the disease, there is an improvement in the general condition of the body and the restoration of the respiratory process.

Top 5 children's cold medicines

Modern pharmaceuticals offer a large number of medicines to get rid of a runny nose in a child. Let's highlight the top five drugs that can be used by children under 5 years old.

Aqua Maris

This drug is a medicinal product created on the basis of sea water. It is used for acute chronic or allergic rhinitis, adenitis or as a preventive measure. Aqua Maris moisturizes the inflamed nasal mucosa, which leads to a decrease in mucus production. The medicine has two forms of release:

• Drops - available in bottles of 10 ml. They are suitable for the treatment of rhinitis in newborn children. Drops are recommended to be applied 2-3 times a day, 1-2 drops in each nostril. The cost of the drug is 125 rubles.
• Spray - available in the form of an aerosol can, with a capacity of up to 50 ml. For the convenience of spraying, it is necessary to use a special dispenser that will ensure uniform spraying of the medicine. The spray is suitable not only for the treatment of children, but can also be used for prevention during an exacerbation of a seasonal infection. The number of bursts and the frequency of application is similar to drops. However, the cost of the drug is much higher - 251 rubles.

Aqua Maris contains no additives or preservatives and is completely safe for children. In rare cases, it can cause an allergic reaction in the body.

Aqualor Baby

Aqualor Baby is a pharmaceutical product based on the water of the Adriatic Sea. The drug contains only natural trace elements: potassium, magnesium, sodium, zinc. Due to the rich composition of natural ingredients, Aqualor not only cleanses the sinuses and has an anti-inflammatory effect, but also restores the nasal mucosa.

The name of the drug shows that it is intended for children and can be used from infancy. Aqualor Baby is used for the following indications:

• Infectious diseases (influenza, SARS)
• Inflammatory process (sinusitis, adenitis)
• Hygiene of the nasal mucosa
• Preparation of the nasal cavity for the use of other drugs.

There are two forms of release of the drug:

• Drops - produced in plastic bottles, which are screwed with a cap. One vial contains 15 ml of liquid. Drops can be used from birth, ordering 1-2 drops 2-4 times throughout the day. The approximate cost of the drug is 105 rubles.
• Spray - available in 125 ml metal cans. An important difference between a spray and drops is the presence of a nozzle with a special limiter, which prevents the nozzle from penetrating deep into the child's nose. Irrigation takes place carefully, the manufacturer compared it with a "soft shower". The product can be used both in a sitting and lying position. To achieve maximum effect when squirting, the child should turn his head to the side. After a 5-10 minute wait, the baby needs to blow out the nose with an aspirator or use a handkerchief. Spray is intended for children from a year. The cost of this form of release is 317 rubles.

Nazol Baby

Nazol Baby - children's drug with a vasoconstrictive effect, designed to facilitate breathing and relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa. The remedy is prescribed for a number of diseases: acute rhinitis, allergies, runny nose with SARS or influenza, otitis media and sinusitis.

The word "baby" in the title indicates that the medicine can be used to treat babies, but the instructions should be strictly followed. Children under one year old need to instill the medicine in the nose one drop no more than four times a day, but for children from one to 6 years old, the number of drops can be increased to two.

The medicine is available only in the form of drops. The product is practically colorless, tasteless and odorless. Nazol Baby is sold in small bottles of 15 ml.

The drug contains a number of restrictions and contraindications. So, for example, drugs have time limits for use - no more than 3 days. In addition, when using the drug, it is necessary to observe the dosage, otherwise cardiological problems may worsen, headaches may occur. Also, you can not use the drug for hepatitis, arrhythmia, diabetes mellitus, disease thyroid gland.

Nazol Baby, despite the fact that it is intended for children, should be used carefully and only with the permission of a doctor. The average cost of the drug is 160 rubles.

Otrivin Baby

The drug Otrivin Baby is a vessel-containing agent, which is based on a saline solution. The medicine acts on the nasal mucosa, cleanses and moisturizes the nasal passages. According to the instructions, the drug should be used in the following situations:

• Nasal hygiene
• Treatment of colds
• Preventive measures
• Allergic reaction of the body.

Dosage form Otrivin Baby is presented in the form of drops or spray.

• Drops - have a colorless solution, poured into dropper bottles of 5 ml. Drops are intended for the treatment of children of any age. The recommended frequency of use of the drug is 2-4 times a day. The price of the drug is approximately 199 rubles.
• Spray - available in a 20-ml bottle, which is stored in a carton. This form of medication is recommended for children older than one year. It is necessary to use the spray up to four times a day with a one-time irrigation of the nose. As for the special conditions of use, you should not reuse the drug in case of an allergic reaction. Also, do not use a damaged vial or tip. The approximate cost of the spray is 169 rubles.

Vibrocil

Vibrocil is a drug based on phenylephrine and dimethindene, which helps relieve swelling of the nasal cavity and makes breathing easier. The medicine is intended for the treatment of various types of rhinitis, acute otitis and sinusitis. The line of Vibrocil products is presented in the form of drops, spray and gel. The drops have a clear solution with a slight lavender scent. They are allowed for children of all ages and are applied 3-4 times a day. The approximate cost of the drops is 231 rubles. As for the spray and gel, the manufacturer does not recommend their use for children under 6 years of age.

On the pharmacological market, you can find a large number of drugs intended for the treatment of otolaryngological diseases in children under 5 years of age. However, before buying medicines and self-medicating, parents need to consult a doctor and make sure that their choice is correct.

Runny nose and cold medicines - Dr. Komarovsky (video)

A runny nose can overtake a small child from the first weeks of life. For a toddler and his parents, this condition is very unpleasant: the child becomes very capricious, sleeps poorly, cannot eat. Against this background, children often lose weight. By itself, a runny nose is not terrible, but it is very difficult for a child to tolerate, so parents always strive to alleviate the condition of the baby.

The site "I am Your Baby" warns: self-medication is dangerous to health! Before taking medicines, you need to consult a specialist!

How does a runny nose develop?

Runny nose, or rhinitis, is not a separate disease, it usually joins other diseases: influenza, acute respiratory infections, SARS, measles. Runny nose lasts from a week to 10 days, there are several stages in its development.

The initial stage (reflex). The vessels of the nasal mucosa narrow, dryness, burning appear in the nose, and there is a constant urge to sneeze. By such an “itch” in the nose, everyone easily understands that a runny nose is starting. This stage lasts only a few hours. catarrhal stage. During this stage, the vessels of the mucosa, on the contrary, expand, the mucosa turns red, the nose swells slightly. The main symptom of this stage is the appearance of watery discharge from the nose. Sometimes it is accompanied by lacrimation, stuffy ears. Swelling of the nasal mucosa due to vasodilation causes a state of nasal congestion. This stage lasts for several days. Recovery stage. At this stage, the discharge becomes thick, and if a bacterial infection joins (which happens in most cases), they have a greenish or yellowish tint. Nasal congestion disappears general state is improving.

TOP 5 children's medicines for the common cold

There are a lot of medicines for the treatment of the common cold now. For children under one year old, there are some restrictions: due to the imperfection of the structure of the nasal passages, such babies cannot use sprays. This can lead to the spread of infection, so it is better for children under one year old to bury the drops. Let's try to highlight the most the best drugs which can be used by children under 5 years of age.

Aqua Maris

This preparation is purified sea water containing natural trace elements (sodium, magnesium, calcium). In children, Aqua Maris can be used in the following cases:

Acute or chronic runny nose. Adenitis. Allergy. Prevention during epidemics. Holding hygiene procedures, moisturizing the nasal mucosa.

Aqua Maris is available in 2 forms: nose drops and spray.

Drops are sold in bottles of 10 ml. They can be prescribed to children from the 1st day of life. Aqua Maris drops are instilled 2-3 times a day, 1-2 drops in each nostril. The approximate price is 125 rubles. The spray is available in 50 ml cans. with a special comfortable nozzle. The spray can only be used for children over 1 year old. It can also be used for treatment and for hygiene procedures according to the scheme: 1-2 injections 2-3 times a day. The approximate price is 251 rubles.

The drug Aqua Maris is completely safe for the child. The only possible side effect is the risk of an allergic reaction, but this is extremely rare.

Aqualor Baby

This is another preparation based on natural sea water of the Adriatic Sea. Aqualor Baby contains only natural ingredients, there are no preservatives in its composition. Isotonic sterile sea water is enriched with trace elements: potassium, magnesium, sodium, selenium, zinc and others. This drug not only has a cleansing and anti-inflammatory effect, but also improves immunity.

Indications for use Aqualor Baby:

Treatment and prevention of infections (influenza, SARS) and inflammatory diseases(sinusitis, adenitis). Hygiene of the nasal cavity. Preparation of the mucosa for the application of other drugs.

Aqualor Baby is available in two forms: drops and spray.

Drops are available in bottles of 15 ml. Drops can be used from birth, they need to be instilled 2-4 times a day, 1-2 drops in each nasal passage. The approximate price is 105 rubles. The spray is available in 125 ml cans. The barrel has a convenient nozzle with a restrictive ring that prevents too deep insertion. The spray is used in babies from a year on the same principle as drops. In order for the effect of it to be maximum, it must be used correctly: when injecting, the child must tilt the head to the side, and then the contents must either be removed with an aspirator or let the child blow his nose. The approximate price is 317 rubles.

Nazol Baby

Vasoconstrictor drug with the active substance phenylephrine. Nazol Baby facilitates breathing by reducing swelling of the nasal mucosa. The drug is available in the form of drops in 15 ml bottles.

Indications for use:

Colds, influenza, SARS. Allergies.

The drug is approved for children from birth. The dosage of drops is selected according to age:

Children under 1 year old are instilled 1 drop no more than 4 times a day. Children from 1 to 6 years old are instilled 1-2 drops once every 6 hours.

Despite the fact that Nazol Baby is produced specifically for children, this drug has contraindications and limitations:

Drops can be used no longer than 3 days. Nazol Baby is contraindicated in diseases of cardio-vascular system, diabetes mellitus, hypersensitivity to its components. When using, the dosage must be strictly observed. In case of an overdose, a state of nervous excitement occurs, the heart rhythm is disturbed. When using drops, headache, dizziness, sleep disturbance, tingling in the nose may appear.

The younger the child, the more carefully this drug should be used. The approximate cost is 158 rubles.

Otrivin Baby

The drug Otrivin Baby is a sterile isotonic saline solution, in other words, a well-known saline solution. Otrivin Baby well cleanses and moisturizes the nasal mucosa, improving the condition of the mucous membrane and increasing local immunity. According to its composition, it is natural for the body.

Indication for use:

Daily hygiene of the nasal cavity. Treatment and prevention of rhinitis, colds.

Otrivin Baby is available in the form of drops and spray.

Otrivin Baby drops are available in 5 ml bottles. For children of any age, the scheme for using this drug: 2-4 drops in each nasal passage, the frequency of instillation - according to the situation. You can use this drug from the first day of life. The approximate price is 199 rubles. Spray Otrivin Baby is available in 20 ml cans. Recommended for use in children from one year old. You can use Otrivin Baby spray as needed several times a day, injecting it into each nasal passage. The approximate price is 169 rubles.

An allergy to the components of the drug is possible. This drug has no other restrictions.

Vibrocil

Vasoconstrictor drug based on phenylephrine and dimethindene. Vibrocil contains lavender oil as an auxiliary component, therefore it has a specific smell and taste. This drug relieves swelling of the nasal cavity and makes breathing easier.

Indications for use:

Runny nose of any origin. Acute otitis.

Vibrocil is available in the form of drops, gel and spray, but the manufacturer does not recommend using the spray for children under 6 years of age.

Drops should be instilled according to the following scheme:

Children under 1 year - 1 drop in each nasal passage 3-4 times a day. Children over 1 year old - 1-2 drops 3-4 times a day.

Before use, be sure to clean the nasal mucosa. Burning may occur during application discomfort in the nose and nasopharynx. An allergic reaction may occur. The approximate cost is 231 rubles.

It is necessary to choose a remedy for the treatment of a common cold in children under 5 years of age, based on the severity of the situation. With a slight runny nose and congestion can cope natural preparations, with a more serious runny nose - vasoconstrictors.

We read on the topic of the common cold:

How to treat a runny nose baby - 10 most effective folk remedies for the common cold in children - About green snot in a newborn - How to properly instill drops in the nose of a newborn - how to instill - Nasal aspirators for newborns (types of aspirators and how to use them) - You can download the full composition of the children's first aid kit HERE.

A runny nose is a symptom that indicates that the nasal mucosa is trying to get rid of a microbe, an allergen, foreign body or dust, washing them out of the nasal cavity. Nasal congestion indicates swelling of the same membrane.

In both of these cases, help is needed in the form of a local remedy - drops or sprays. The main requirement for these funds, whether it is a nasal spray or drops, is that it helps the nasal mucosa in solving the problem, and not just eliminates congestion or snot.

Below we give groups of drugs that are used for nasal congestion and runny nose, indications for use, duration of action and prices. To say what type of medication is needed, no one can do it better than an ENT doctor who will do this based on the results of the examination.

Important Rules

For a cold remedy to really help, follow these rules:

Use the drops for children under 6 years of age and the spray for adults. This is due to the fact that in children the auditory tube, that is, the message between the pharynx and the ear, is short. If a spray is sprayed into the baby’s nose, then it, as well as particles of microbes from the nasopharynx, are likely to fall into inner ear. There they are likely to cause otitis - allergic or infectious. Using the drops, lie down (lay the child down), drip 1-2 drops of the drug into the right nostril and turn your head to the right, slightly tilting it up. As you drip into your left nostril, turn your head to the left and up. At the same time, you need to lie down on each side for 7-10 minutes so that the product can get not only on the nasal mucosa, but also in the area where the nose connects to the sinuses. This rule is especially important for vasoconstrictor drops: by doing the right instillation, you will quickly alleviate nasal breathing, and also prevent sinusitis (edema in the junction of the sinus and nose will subside - the contents of the sinus will not stagnate, but will come out). When using the spray, on the contrary, the head should be vertical and tilted in the direction opposite to the nostril. So the drug will remain in the nose, and will not move into the auditory tube. Rinse your nose with saline solutions before using medicated nasal sprays. This can be done using ready-made drops and sprays, which we will discuss below, or solutions that require preparation (Dolphin, Aqua-Maris powders with a nasal rinse system). You can also rinse your nose with a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride bought at a pharmacy in a bottle of 200 or 400 ml, as well as a composition prepared on your own (1 teaspoon of salt is taken for 200 ml of boiled warm water).

Types of drops from the common cold

What drops in the nose from the common cold can be used? There are such groups of drugs:

Preparations based on saline solutions. Vasoconstrictor drops and sprays. Hormonal sprays. Sprays to thin thick nasal discharge. Drops and sprays with antibiotics or antiseptics (including those based on silver). Antiviral local preparations. Combined preparations, including emollients, which contain essential oils. Drops that will thicken abundant liquid snot. Homeopathic preparations. Drops and sprays with immunomodulating effect. Drops in the nose allergic rhinitis.

Saline solutions

Medicines based on ocean, sea water or similar solutions prepared in a pharmacy contain many trace elements, organic compounds, and minerals. They are indicated for a runny nose of any (allergic, viral, bacterial, fungal) origin, any type of sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis), inflammation of the adenoids. Their action is aimed at:

washing out microbes from the nasal cavity; liquefaction of thick mucus; leaching of substances released during inflammation and maintaining their level; acceleration of mucosal healing; increased tone of the vessels of the nasal mucosa; destruction of microbes (if the water contains iodine).

Depending on the concentration in sodium chloride solutions, several types of saline solutions are distinguished:

Vasoconstrictor drugs

These drops and sprays are used both for allergic rhinitis and for colds. They narrow the vessels of the nasopharynx, as a result of which the edema disappears and nasal breathing resumes. With an infectious rhinitis, their use is justified: when removing edema from the nasopharynx, in tympanic cavity will not be created reduced pressure so the inflammatory and germ-laden fluid will not diffuse into the structures of the middle ear.

Useful decongestants (the so-called vasoconstrictor drugs for the nose) and for the prevention and treatment of sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis). In this case, they relieve swelling from the fistula (message) between the nasal cavity and the sinus, as a result, the contents of the sinus do not stagnate, presenting a danger in terms of the development of complications, but exit into the nose.

Decongestants allow a person to breathe easier through the nose, especially during meals, hear better (even in the presence of otitis media), normalize sleep and voice. At the same time, they inhibit the movement of cell processes (cilia) that form the nasal mucosa. When used for more than 5 days, the cilia completely “paralyzes” (this is a temporary effect), so you should not use such drops for longer. You can save a little cilia by using decongestants along with saline (Rinomaris, Rinotaiss).

Decongestants “work” through adrenaline receptors located on the cells of the vessels of the nasal mucosa. They give a "command" similar to that which "gives out" adrenaline - to narrow the blood vessels. The blood stops filling the vessels - the swelling subsides for a while, the production of nasal mucus decreases. This feature is also used to stop nosebleeds.

Adrenaline receptors are present not only on the vessels of the nasal cavity - they are present on many cells, including the cells of the heart, bronchi, prostate, Bladder and pregnant uterus. Related to this are possible side effects in case of an overdose of any drug: blood pressure, significant reduction heart rate, loss of consciousness, lowering the temperature. Due to the ability to contract the uterus, decongestants are not used during pregnancy.

Decongestants also have this feature: if the active substance constantly circulates in the blood, the receptors stop responding to it, and in order to achieve the effect, the dose will have to be increased, which will inevitably lead to the development of unwanted symptoms. Therefore, vasoconstrictor drops are not used for longer than 5, in extreme cases, 7 days. If it is necessary to maintain the effect, the ENT doctor may prescribe a drug with another main active ingredient.

Drops from a runny nose and nasal congestion are divided depending on their active substance. Some foundations of funds are only 3-4 hours, while the action of others is designed for 8-10, and even 12 hours. Unless otherwise indicated, short-acting formulations are best used during the day, while longer-acting drops and sprays are best left overnight.

Please note: children's nasal drops from a runny nose contain 0.025-0.5%, for adults a concentration of 0.5% is used (in the case of oxymetazoline), 0.1% (for other active ingredients). For children up to a year, and preferably up to 6 years, use only forms in the form of drops.

Cheap drops in the nose from a cold are:

Xylometazoline-Solopharma; Xylene; Galazolin; Rinostop; Naphthyzin; Nesopin.

Hormonal sprays

These drugs based on glucocorticoids - hormones, analogues of which are produced in the human adrenal glands - have a pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-allergic activity. They are not first aid preparations, starting to act 3-4 hours after instillation. Maximum Activity starts in a day.

Removing swelling, drops with glucocorticoids improve nasal breathing, prevent the development of sinusitis or, if it has already developed, reduce its manifestations. Due to the fact that they depress local immunity, thin the nasal mucosa, and can lead to an increase in intraocular pressure, this type of drug is prescribed only by an ENT doctor.

Depending on the main active ingredient, there are such hormonal sprays (they are presented in decreasing order of their local activity):

Sprays to thin thick nasal discharge

Rinofluimucil

For both adults and children with a runny nose, accompanied by the release of thick snot (usually this occurs on the 5th day of the disease or later), Rinofluimucil is prescribed - a drug containing acetylcysteine ​​\u200b\u200bthinner mucus and tuaminoheptane sulfate that relieves swelling.
Indications: rhinitis with profuse mucopurulent discharge, chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, vasomotor rhinitis.
Application:

adults - 2 doses of aerosol in each nasal passage 3-4 times a day; children from 3 years - 1 dose 3-4 times a day.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, angle-closure glaucoma, increased thyroid function, treatment with antidepressants-MAO inhibitors.
Its price is 230-300 rubles.

Drops with antiseptics

If the runny nose is bacterial in nature, that is, yellow snot is released from the nose almost from the first day of the disease, the ENT doctor prescribes drops with antiseptics. Antiseptics are substances that destroy bacteria, which also have the ability to slow down the vital activity of fungi and viruses. These are not antibiotics to which bacteria can develop resistance: microbial enzymes have not learned to adapt to the composition of antiseptic agents.

Such drugs are prescribed only by an ENT doctor. Allocate such drops with antiseptics:

Antiviral topical drugs

These are sprays and drops based on interferon-alpha1 - an antiviral substance that human leukocytes produce when a virus enters the body - to destroy it.

Drops with antibiotics

They are assigned at purulent processes localized in the nasal cavity or sinuses.

Combined drugs

Drops and sprays of this type contain a vasoconstrictor in combination with either an antihistamine, or a glucocorticoid, or an antibacterial drug.

The last 2 drugs are also classified as softening drops (due to the essential oils in the composition). They are used for prevention and complex treatment otitis, which arose as a complication of SARS.

Drops that will thicken abundant liquid snot

If the snot remains plentiful and liquid, despite the ongoing etiotropic (that is, aimed at treating the cause) therapy, the doctor may prescribe drops with tannin, an astringent plant origin. Such drugs are prepared in the prescription departments of pharmacies according to prescriptions issued by a doctor. The doctor selects the composition of the drops depending on the individual situation.

Homeopathic preparations

Anti-inflammatory, local irritant

Drops and sprays with immunomodulating effect

Antihistamine drops

They are used for rhinitis with a pronounced allergic component.

What to use for children

A list of nose drops for a runny nose for your child will be written by a pediatrician or pediatric ENT doctor - based on the examination and their own experience in this regard. It usually includes:

Washing with saline solutions, mostly not hypertonic, but isotonic: Aqua-Maris, Humer 150 cost, Physiomer, Aqualor, Marimer or others. Vasoconstrictors: Nazol-baby, Nazol-Kids, Nazivin of appropriate concentration. If the allergic component is strong, after 2-3 days the preparations of the previous group are changed to combined agents (Vibrocil, Pinosol). With severe edema, Avamys or other hormonal sprays are added in a short course. Bacterial rhinitis is treated with antiseptic (Okomistin, Protargol) and antibacterial (Isofra, Polydex) agents. So that the viral infection does not “knock down” the child, Grippferon or other interferon preparations are used from the first day of the viral rhinitis. Also, from the first day of the disease, Euphorbium compositum and other homeopathic drops help well. If the child is often sick, it makes sense to use IRS-19 or Derinat. But a doctor must prescribe them.

Medicines against the common cold for children under one year old differ in dosage and form of release from those intended for older children and adults. Therefore, medicines against rhinitis in infants must be prescribed by a pediatrician.

A runny nose, in itself, is not a dangerous disease. And all its severity for a child up to a year old lies in their inability to blow their nose and free the sinuses from accumulated mucus. As a result, it is difficult for him to breathe, he refuses to eat and drink, sleeps poorly and is naughty.

The modern pharmacological market presents an insane amount of medicines to combat rhinitis, including in newborns. But are they all completely harmless?

Sea salt medicines

Perhaps the most harmless for babies is Aqua Maris, it is allowed to use it from the first days of a baby's life. It contains no dyes and preservatives, but only purified water of the Adriatic Sea and ions of useful trace elements:

Iodine - a powerful antiseptic that prevents the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Selenium and zinc - increase immunity by promoting the production of their own interferon Magnesium and calcium - reduce the production of mucus

Based on all its positive functions, Aqua Maris is indispensable for washing a small nose from snot, before sucking it out, using an aspirator. His second useful property, it is considered good moisturizing of the mucous membrane and its protection from drying out.

This tool has two forms of release. For newborns, the use of sprays is prohibited, as they are not able to hold their breath in time. And the smallest particles of the substance can penetrate into the bronchi and middle ear, contributing to the development inflammatory process in the organs. Therefore, for babies up to a year old, the form released in the form of drops is suitable.

You can drip Aqua Maris up to 4-5 times a day, as needed. Before the procedure, the child needs to be calmed down a little, then put him on a horizontal surface and drip 2-3 drops into each nostril, slightly turning the head of the crumbs in the opposite direction from the nasal passage involved.

Aqua Maris can be used in complex therapy, it perfectly interacts with other drugs, has no side effects and does not cause allergies.

Another similar drug for newborns is Aqualor Baby, similar in composition to that described above. Available for babies up to a year, in the form of drops. It has a disinfectant, cleansing, moisturizing and antiseptic effect.

Vasoconstrictors

The use of vasoconstrictor medications is highly undesirable for infants. Firstly, they are able to greatly dry up the already exhausted, nasal mucosa. Secondly, they are addictive, which requires increasing doses and constant use. This risk arises due to the fact that drugs of this type affect not only the respiratory mucosa, but also the vessels of the whole organism as a whole. That's why important rule when using these drugs, do not use them for longer than 5 days, and not more than 2 times a day.

Naturally, their dosage for newborns should correspond to the age of the patient. Therefore, the use of vasoconstrictor medications without a doctor's prescription is prohibited!

Such drops have an effective effect on infectious, catarrhal and allergic rhinitis, but do not have a therapeutic effect, but only alleviate the symptoms of a leak, relieve swelling and make breathing easier, so it is advisable to use them before going to bed so that a stuffy nose does not interfere with both the baby and his parents, have a good night.

To relieve painful symptoms, doctors usually recommend: Otrivin Baby Nazol Baby Nazivin Vibrocil

Otrivin, produced in drops for irrigation of the nasal cavity, its active ingredient is xylometazoline hydrochloride. It does an excellent job of removing edema from the mucous membrane and restores normal breathing. Suitable for babies from the first month of life. Doctors prescribe Otrivin 1-2 times a day, 1-2 drops in each nostril, for a maximum of a week. It is very important that with proper dosage, it does not dry out the nasal mucosa.

Nazol Baby with the active ingredient - phenylephrine hydrochloride, is available in the form of drops, and has a decongestant property. The duration of treatment with Nazol should not exceed three days, and the dosage should not exceed one drop every 6-8 hours. If it is exceeded, heart rhythm disturbances are possible, bad dream, headache, overexcitation.

Most often, to relieve unpleasant symptoms, pediatricians recommend for infants - Nazivin 0.01%, with the active ingredient oxymetazoline. It has a good decongestant effect, but, unfortunately, it cannot be called harmless. The instructions detail all the side effects that are possible from its long-term use:

Burning and dry nose Sleep disturbance Nausea Vomiting Fever Pulmonary edema Coma

Naturally, in order to avoid harmful consequences, it is possible to use Nazivin only as prescribed by the attending physician in a strictly prescribed dose: no more than three times in 24 hours, 1-2 doses in each nostril, for a maximum of 5 days. To avoid overdose, the bottle is equipped with a special pipette that allows you to measure the exact amount of the drug.

Another drug in the decongestant line is Vibrocil, it is usually prescribed for 5-7 days, three times a day, one drop, since with prolonged use it can lead to increased dryness in the nose.

Remedies for viral rhinitis for infants

Often, a runny nose occurs as a sign of acute respiratory viral infections or acute respiratory infections, in which case it is necessary to take antiviral drugs based on interferons, most often in such cases, doctors prescribe Grippferon.

In addition to antiviral, Grippferon has an immunomodulatory effect on the body, and is suitable not only for therapy, but also for the prevention of diseases. Available in the form of drops, ointments and rectal suppositories. Timely treatment with Grippferon helps to stop the development of the disease on early stage. And it is absolutely harmless for babies, is not addictive, compatible with other drugs and can be used in complex therapy.

There are practically no restrictions on the duration of treatment with Grippferon, but usually doctors recommend its use within 10 days.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

The most common anti-inflammatory drugs against rhinitis are:

Protorgol or Sialor Bioparox Miramistin Isofra

Despite the fact that Protargol, or its analogue Sialor, are based on silver proteinate. That is, they contain heavy metal ions that can accumulate in the body. Doctors often prescribe them, with a runny nose of a bacterial nature, to children under one year old. They have anti-inflammatory and disinfecting effects, creating a protective antimicrobial film on the respiratory mucosa, and help to quickly defeat the disease. Silver-based preparations are allowed for children of the early age, because they do not have a vasoconstrictor effect, but nevertheless, they have a number of side effects:

Drowsiness Burning and dryness in the nasopharynx Urticaria With overdose and prolonged use, the development of argiosis (pigmentation) is possible

What is the difference between these two drugs? Protargol is prepared in a pharmacy in the prescription department to order and is sold in liquid form. Sialor can be bought as a dry powder and diluted with a special solvent included in the kit immediately before use. The shelf life of the finished medicine is 1 month.

Bioparks is a topical antibiotic with the active ingredient fusafungin. Effective in the fight against rhinitis caused by bacteria and fungi, but is available exclusively in the form of sprays, so children under 2 years old are not recommended. Usually, pediatricians prescribe Miramistin as a replacement for Bioparox.

Miramistin is a powerful antiseptic and quite good remedy to fight against a wide range of pathogens. Recently, pediatricians are very fond of prescribing it for bacterial rhinitis. But, unfortunately, Miramistin is not suitable for infants. The fact is that healing effect from it comes only when the entire infected surface is irrigated. For deep penetration into the sinuses, they must be abundantly soaked with liquid, but as mentioned above, the use of sprays for babies under one year old is prohibited. Using Miramistin as drops does not make sense, since it will not cover the entire nasal cavity, and will not destroy all bacteria living on it.

But, nevertheless, Miramistin should be in every mother's first aid kit, as it does an excellent job of disinfecting superficial skin wounds.

Derinat

A truly unique remedy, a real salvation for children whose constant companion is inflammation of the respiratory mucosa. Derinat is a multifunctional drug and has an immunomodulatory, protective, anti-edematous and soothing effect. Does not constrict blood vessels, is not addictive, and does not dry the mucous membrane.

If you start using it with the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease, it will mobilize all the forces of the body to fight the disease and help defeat it much faster.

Derinat is indispensable for babies from birth and copes with a huge list of diseases, such as rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases.

For prevention, it is prescribed for a duration of 7 to 14 days, 2-4 times a day, two drops in each nasal passage. At the first signs of illness, the medicine should be instilled every two hours, two drops for 24 hours, and in the following days 3-4 times a day. In acute respiratory disease, the number of applications increases up to 6 times.

Whatever the cause of the disease in your child, it is necessary to apply this or that complex of treatment only after consulting a pediatrician, do not risk the well-being of your beloved child and do not self-medicate.

Your baby's health is in your loving hands.

Runny nose is familiar to everyone. This is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa, accompanied by copious secretion of mucus, swelling, sneezing, nasal congestion.

The reasons for both children and adults can be different, but the most common cause is a sharp change in temperature and viral infections. Everyone is familiar with the situation when a hot child runs out into a cold street. This is how colds and runny noses occur.

A runny nose can be an independent disease or. Also, a runny nose can be allergic, caused by an irritant effect. external factors(dust, pollen, animal hair, etc.).

A good cold remedy for children will help relieve swelling, reduce mucus secretion, and also cure inflammation along the way. But no remedy should be used for too long.

We are used to thinking that colds and runny noses do not need to be treated, everything will go away on its own in a week. However, if we talk about children with a weak immune system, then an untreated runny nose can turn into more serious problems.

The infection may rise to maxillary sinuses and middle ear. In addition, the runny nose itself is quite painful for young children. It is difficult for them to eat, breathe, sleep, their mood worsens, their appetite disappears, they feel weak in the body.

Now you can find in the pharmacy a lot of drugs for the common cold that do not require prescriptions. However, consulting a pediatrician still does not hurt. First of all, you need to clearly determine the cause of the common cold and eliminate it (virus, allergy, etc.). If this is not done, the treatment may be ineffective or even harm the health of the child.

Runny nose . Therefore, pay attention to whether the child complains of a headache. You can also press on the paranasal sinuses. If the child is in pain, then inflammation has begun, which requires immediate treatment and a doctor's consultation. It is very dangerous to start sinusitis, as it can give further complications: chronic form, otitis media, etc.

Folk remedies for the common cold in children

Before using any folk remedies, consult your doctor. In children different ages There are contraindications and an allergic reaction. Too aggressive agents can cause burns to the nasal mucosa.

Folk methods of treatment:

• You can bury a child in the nose of freshly squeezed carrot or beet juice. Be sure to dilute it with water. The younger the child, the less concentrated the juice should be.
• For older (school) children, you can offer this recipe: rub the garlic, pour olive oil and let it sit for a few hours. Then instill the mixture into the nose, 1-2 drops. It will pinch a little.
• Aloe juice will also help with a runny nose. First, cut the leaf and put it in the refrigerator for a couple of days. Why squeeze the juice. Diluted juice can lubricate the nostrils. But it is better to dilute the juice with water and drip into the nose.
• You can also instill sea buckthorn oil 3 times a day. It will relieve inflammation and soften the mucous membrane.
• Salt will also help relieve swelling. the child's nose several times a day. You can soak swabs in water and insert into the nostrils.
• You can instill a decoction of several medicinal herbs with anti-inflammatory effect: plantain leaves, sage, calendula, coltsfoot. The entire collection must be boiled for 5 minutes, cooled and instilled into the nose of the child.
• Boil vegetable oil, add carrot juice and fresh garlic juice to it. Mix everything and instill in the nose.
• At severe runny nose you can take the pulp of fresh onion, pour it with hot vegetable oil, let it brew, and then instill it into the nose.
• In the absence of allergies, eucalyptus oil can be instilled into the child's nose.
• If you are sure that the child does not have sinusitis, take a bag of salt, heat it in a pan and attach it to the bridge of your nose. Heat until bag is completely cool. This will help relieve swelling.
• You can also. Pour chamomile leaves or unpeeled potatoes with boiling water and breathe over the pan.

No runny nose, but stuffy nose - what does it mean and what to do?

If a child has an abundant discharge of mucus from the nose, then the mucous membrane is sufficiently moistened. But if there is swelling, but no mucus, moisten the mucosa with peach oil so that it does not dry out.

Vasoconstrictor drops and sprays from the common cold

The most popular remedy for the common cold are drops and sprays with a vasoconstrictor effect. They quickly facilitate breathing, reduce the secretion of mucus. The child has the opportunity to sleep and eat normally.

Consider the most common drops and sprays for children:

1. Vibrocil. These drops have a vasoconstrictive and anti-allergic effect. They have a slight lavender scent and an oily texture. Vibrocil based on phenylephrine not only eliminates swelling, but also prevents the child's nasal mucosa from drying out. They can be used by children of any age, even up to a year. They are available in the form of drops, not a spray, so Vibrocil must be carefully instilled so that the drops do not get into the throat.
2. Nazivin for children. This is a long acting drug. It provides free breathing for 10-12 hours. Nazivin releases in the form of drops or spray. Since it acts for a long time, two applications per day are enough. Well tolerated and virtually no side effects.
3. Nazol Baby and Nazol Kids. Nazol acts on the basis of phenylephrine. It can be used no more than 6 hours after the last application. Children under 2 years of age should not bury Nazol. Some side effects and overdose are possible, so the course lasts no more than 3 days.
4. Tizin for children. Most often, Tizin Xylo Bio is used for children from 2 years old. It not only relieves swelling and constricts blood vessels, but also takes care of the nasal mucosa, helps to restore it. Tizin acts quickly, the effect lasts for 6 hours.
5. . Otrivin based on xylometazoline also quickly relieves swelling and clears the nasal passages, allowing you to breathe. The effect of the drug lasts about 10 hours. Otrivin contains auxiliary components that moisturize the mucous membrane and relieve irritation.
6. Sanorin for children. Sanorin acts on the basis of naphazoline, so it is not recommended to take it for a long time, so as not to be addictive. When using the drug, a slight burning sensation in the nose is possible.

How to get rid of a runny nose in 1 day effective ways and advice

Allergic rhinitis is a separate disease. Swelling of the mucosa and copious secretion of mucus is not caused by a virus or a cold, but by contact with an allergen. In addition, there is also tearing, sneezing, itching in the nose and eyes.

To cure an allergic rhinitis in a child, first of all, you need to stop contact with the allergen. As long as contact is present, treatment will be of little help. However, there are times when this is not possible. For example, an allergy to grass that grows throughout the city. The only way out is to go to another region or not to go out. But plant allergies are seasonal, and most of the year there is no danger.

In allergic rhinitis, nasal discharge is watery, clear, without pus or clots. An allergic cough, swelling of the face is also possible.

One of the treatments for allergic rhinitis is, oddly enough, diet. It is necessary to remove from the diet foods that can cause cross-allergies.

So, for example, if a child is allergic to poplar, which blooms in spring, apples, parsley, pears, potatoes and honey should be discarded.

Fresh, sufficiently humidified air in the room will facilitate the breathing of the child. You should get rid of old carpets, large soft toys and heavy curtains - everything that has been collecting dust for years. The room must be regularly ventilated. If you are allergic to pollen, buy an air purifier, as well as a humidifier, which in dry, hot weather will alleviate the child's suffering.

Vasoconstrictor drops can also be used, but not for long and as needed. They only relieve the symptoms. Long term use drops and sprays can lead to increased swelling.

Help to alleviate the situation and relieve a runny nose antihistamines such as Zodak, Zirtek, Tsetrin.

They can be taken for a long time, up to a month, they relieve almost all allergy symptoms and rarely cause side effects such as drowsiness. Children under 2 years old can be given syrup, for older children there are tablets. They begin to act quickly, 20 minutes after ingestion.

The doctor may prescribe antiviral drugs to the child so that his body overcomes the virus faster. Then the cold will pass along with the runny nose. But there are also antiviral drops in the nose. Usually they are made on the basis of interferon. This is a substance produced by the body in order to maintain immunity and fight viruses and bacteria.

For babies, you can buy interferon in ampoules in powder form. This powder is diluted with water and instilled into the nose every 2 hours. The solution is good for a day. Interferon does not give side effects, it is absolutely safe, helps to quickly and effectively fight viruses, does not dry the nasal mucosa.

Is it possible to warm the nose with a cold? - Advantages of the method and effective recipes

Derinat drops also have an antiviral effect. They are prescribed to children from the first days of life. They are safe and effective for viral infections. They can be dripped 2-4 times a day for 2 weeks, but as a rule, a cold passes faster. It can be used for bacterial or fungal infections. If the nasal mucosa is irritated, there may be a burning sensation in the nose.

Antiviral drugs must be taken strictly according to the instructions, otherwise you may not achieve the desired effect.

Combined preparations contain various substances in the composition. In addition to the vasoconstrictor effect, they can have an antibacterial and antihistamine effect, moisturize the mucous membrane.

More information about children's runny nose can be found in the video.

So, for example, Polydex drops constrict blood vessels and relieve swelling, and also contain an antibiotic and dexamethasone, which has an anti-allergic effect. However, it will not help against coccal infections. It is prescribed to children from 2 years old as a complex therapy. There are practically no side effects in the form of allergic reactions. Polydex drops are actively fighting the complications of flu and colds.

The drug Vibrocil can also be called complex. It has a decongestant and antihistamine effect. Vibrocil is so safe that it is sometimes prescribed to pregnant women for colds and allergic rhinitis.

Nebulizer and other cold remedies

For colds and flu, they eliminate dryness, help fight bacteria, and for allergic rhinitis, they wash pollen and dust from the sinuses and nasopharynx.

A nebulizer is a home portable inhaler. It softens the mucous membrane, fights cough and swelling. You can add mineral water, saline solution or medicines prescribed by a doctor to it.

The device is effective in that the child inhales the fumes, they penetrate deeply and do not cause irritation or burns, like drops and sprays.

Usually nebulizers have a small mask for children in the complex. The only drawback is that babies and children under 2 years old can be frightened by noise.

The drug Dolphin is intended for washing the nose:

• It is especially convenient for small children who find it difficult to rinse their nose. However, children under 2 years of age should use it with caution.
• There is also a special Dolphin for allergies.
• The package contains 10 powder sachets and the rinsing device itself.
• Washing with Dolphin significantly relieves the symptoms of a runny nose, relieves swelling, eliminates accumulated secretions, and fights microbes and viruses.

There are other means as well. You can refer to them the stickers on the clothes of the nozzle. They contain camphor and eucalyptus. Such a mini inhalation makes it easier for the child to breathe. If the child is small and removes the sticker, it can be glued to the back of the crib.

Ointment Clean Nose is also designed to relieve a runny nose. It contains peppermint and eucalyptus oils. But it must be applied outside sinuses, otherwise you can burn the mucous membrane. Also, this ointment relieves irritation and inflammation on the skin caused by handkerchiefs.

Despite the seeming harmlessness of the common cold, it causes a lot of discomfort to a sick person - it is impossible to breathe, talk, get enough sleep, and fully perform household and work duties.

Chronic congestion leads to a change in voice, the development of brain hypoxia, complications of bacterial infections and other troubles. Fortunately, the pharmaceutical market today offers a lot of drugs to combat nasal congestion, but not many people know which remedy for a cold to choose and how to use it correctly.

It is worth considering that the appearance of mucous discharge from the nose is due to a reaction to the invasion of viruses, bacteria, fungi, allergens and other pathogens. Also, rhinitis can be vasomotor (occur when hormonal disruptions and problems with vegetative nervous system) and medication (become a consequence of the abuse of vasoconstrictor drops).

What drugs will be required to eliminate a specific problem - the doctor will say after a detailed examination. Today, we will talk in detail about the existing classes of remedies for the common cold, as a fact-finding information.

One of the signs of rhinitis is the excessive expansion of the vessels of the epithelium lining the nasal passages, against the background of tissue edema - it is these reasons that provoke congestion.

You can also choose an inexpensive remedy for a cold for adults from the vasoconstrictor group on your own, provided that congestion does not bother you for more than a week, and rhinitis itself does not cause suspicion of a bacterial or allergic form, otherwise another treatment plan will be required.

In vasoconstrictors, there are usually components such as oxymetazoline, naphazoline, xylometazoline, phenylephrine and others, they affect adrenaline receptors in peripheral capillaries and constrict them.

Thanks to this action, the swelling of the epithelium subsides, the nasal passages are cleared of mucus, and breathing is restored.

The following groups of drugs are considered the most effective:

Based on naphazoline- Sanorin, Naphthyzin, Nafazolin-Ferein. The effect after instillation or spray injection occurs after 3-5 minutes and lasts up to 6 hours. It is not recommended to use these drops in children under 3 years of age, in order to avoid irritation of the mucous membrane and depression of the central nervous system.

Based on xylometazoline- Galazolin, Otrivin, Xymelin, Tizin Xylo. The drugs of this group are economical and safe, they also have a longer action, up to 12 hours in a row. For adult patients, drops and sprays are available at a concentration of 0.1%, for children - 0.05%.

Based on oxymetazoline- Nazivin, Nazol Advance, Oxymetazoline. The drugs of this group act against congestion for 6-8 hours in a row, and their convenience lies in exact dosage intended for patients of different ages. Children up to a year are recommended to instill a 0.01% remedy, starting from a year and up to 6 years, drops containing 0.025% of the active substance are suitable, and adults are prescribed the drug at a 0.05% concentration.

A good effect is shown by preparations based on tramazolin, for example, Lazolvan Rino. This tool does not irritate the mucous membrane and saves from congestion for 8-10 hours.

Drops containing phenylephrine are also popular.- Nazol Kids and Nazol Baby, intended for children from 6 years old and from birth to 6 years old, respectively.

Some drugs combine a combination of several active ingredients, for example, tramazolin and phenylephrine (Adrianol), naphazoline and antazoline (Sanorin Analergin), phenylephrine and dimethindene (Vibrocil).

It is not recommended to use vasoconstrictors for more than 5 days in a row, without first consulting a doctor, since a runny nose can be caused by an allergic or bacterial pathogen, in which case treatment with simple drops will not give the desired effect and will contribute to the transition of rhinitis to a chronic form.

More about this group of drugs for adults - a list of children's vasoconstrictor drops by age.

Antibacterial drugs

Medicines for the common cold with an antibacterial effect are intended to stop the microbial infection that caused rhinitis, as well as to treat its complications (sinusitis and sinusitis).

The consequences of an infectious rhinitis also require the appointment of antibiotics orally or in the form of injections, but if there are no complications, it will be enough local application sprays and aerosols with antibacterial effect.

The most effective doctors consider the following drugs:

• Isofra

A medication in the form of a spray, which includes the antibacterial component framycetin. The tool effectively stops the reproduction and growth of pathogenic microbes, is prescribed for infections of the upper respiratory tract.

Before injecting Isofra, the nasal passages should be cleared of mucus and rinsed with saline, then spray the drug into each nostril 1-2 times, three times a day.

The absence of a positive effect indicates that the infectious agent is resistant to the active substance, and the drug must be replaced.

• Polydex

Effectively fights inflammation in the nose thanks to active substances neomycin and polymyxin.

In ENT practice, this remedy for the common cold is used to treat sinusitis and otitis media of various etiologies, injection is carried out 2-3 times a day for children and 4-5 times for adults.

You can not use an antibiotic for inhalation, because this way it will cause severe allergies.

• Bioparox

Aerosol based on fusafungin. It is prescribed for sinusitis, sinusitis and other infections of the ENT organs.

It is sprayed several times a day, the positive effect is achieved after a few hours. It has a pronounced effect against fungi and bacteria, has an antimicrobial effect.

With a runny nose, the drug is administered twice a day, 1 inhalation in each nostril, the course of treatment is not longer than 7 days.

Important information:

Bioparox was discontinued in 2016, since the active ingredient increased the likelihood of bronchospasm in patients. In connection with this, it is necessary to choose its analogue. You will find a list of nine drugs with a similar effect.

It must be remembered that each of the listed drugs has its own contraindications and cross-reactions with other drugs prescribed for the treatment of rhinitis. Therefore, their independent use is not recommended, in order to avoid overdose and side effects.

Antihistamines

Allergic rhinitis occurs as a reaction of the body to the ingestion of an irritant inside or on the surface of the mucous membranes, after prolonged contact.

Nasal antihistamines are designed to eliminate congestion and rhinorrhea by blocking histamine cells that are released into the blood, causing swelling of the epithelium and dilation of blood vessels.

Symptoms are observed in patients suffering from allergic reactions to food, medicines, household chemicals, dust, animal dander, plant pollen.

It is not so easy to choose an effective remedy for a runny nose of an allergic nature, it must be prescribed by a doctor after an examination and identification of an irritant.

Among these drugs are:

Allergodil is a spray containing azelastine. Blocks histamine receptors, reducing itching and burning in the nose, relieving sneezing and rhinorrhea.

The effect of the drug appears 15 minutes after the introduction into the nasal passages and lasts up to 12 hours.

Tizin Allergy - contains levoblastin, a substance that has an antihistamine effect. 5 minutes after spraying, it helps to reduce itching, the amount of mucous secretions, get rid of congestion and swelling of the mucous membrane.

Cromohexal is a remedy for allergic rhinitis based on cromoglycic acid. More suitable for the prevention of seasonal rhinitis, since a good effect from the application is noticeable after a few days. It is introduced into each nasal passage in 1 dose containing 2.8 mg of the active substance, up to 6 times a day, depending on the severity of the symptoms.

Vibrocil - a spray containing phenylephrine and dimethindene, has a complex effect against the common cold and allergies. Effectively eliminates swelling of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses without affecting the function of the ciliary epithelium. This is a good remedy chronic rhinitis, also used after surgical interventions on the ENT organs.

Sanorin Analergin- a nasal preparation based on naphazoline and antazoline. It has a pronounced effect against edema, itching and burning in the nose, eliminates sneezing and rhinorrhea. The effect occurs 10 minutes after spraying on the mucous membrane and lasts about 6 hours. It is indicated for rhinitis of various etiologies, especially allergic.

Overdose antihistamines causes drowsiness, depression of consciousness, pronounced allergic reactions and other dangerous side effects, therefore, they should be used only as directed by a doctor and strictly in the indicated dosages.

Antivirals

This group of cold remedies is used for weakened immunity, if preventive measures are needed against contracting a respiratory infection.

They activate active cells immune system, which allows you to stop the reproduction of viruses and facilitate the course of the disease, if it has already begun.

most popular and effective means from viral rhinitis:

• Interferon

Available in the form of a powder, which must be diluted with boiled water to the mark on the glass ampoule, or nasal drops.

It increases defenses, activates local immunity, stops the reproduction of viruses.

You should not use Interferon more than once every six months, otherwise the body will not produce its own interferon and remain defenseless against infections.

• Viferon

For intranasal use, it is available in the form of an ointment and gel. The agent must be applied to the nasal mucosa up to 4 times a day, this will provide a local fight against viruses and increase immunity.

Thanks to ascorbic acid and human interferon in the composition, it not only stops the reproduction of microorganisms, but also accelerates the healing process.

• Ingaron

Powder for the preparation of a liquid solution by the type of Interferon.

Causes the destruction of virus cells, increases the resistance of the mucosa to the introduction of pathogenic microorganisms.

The dosage is set by the doctor, the drug is administered 1 time per day.

In order for the effect of the use of antiviral agents to be pronounced, it is worth starting their use at the initial stage of the disease, when the first symptoms of a cold appear, and not when the disease lasts 4-5 days.

However, in these cases, they help to speed up the cure, if there is no layering of a bacterial infection.

Hormonal drugs

Application hormonal drugs with a runny nose, it is due to the severity of its course and the need to introduce an additional amount of corticosteroids produced by the human adrenal glands through the nasal mucosa.

Due to the immunosuppressive, desensitizing and anti-inflammatory action, such drugs quickly relieve chronic and severe rhinitis of various etiologies.

They are used in therapy year-round and seasonal allergies, nasal polyposis, sinusitis and sinusitis.

The following sprays are prominent representatives of hormonal nasal products:

• Flixonase is a topical preparation based on fluticasone. It has a pronounced anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effect. It is indicated for children from 4 years old and adults, pregnant women use it after being prescribed by a doctor.
• Nasonex is a metered dose aerosol containing mometasone. It fights well with rhinitis of an allergic and vasomotor nature, eliminates swelling of the mucous membrane, stops the production of mucous secretion in the nose, relieves itching, sneezing, burning.
• Beconase is a spray based on beclomethasone. It is used for severe inflammation of the nasal mucosa and signs of allergic rhinitis, it is used not only for treatment, but also for the prevention of seasonal sensitization.
• Nasobek is an aerosol containing beclomethasone. It is administered only intranasally, it has a powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effect. It is prescribed for patients older than 6 years.
• Aldecin, an analogue of beclomethasone-based sprays, is successfully used to treat allergic rhinitis (both seasonal and year-round, with periods of remissions and exacerbations). It is not prescribed for children under 6 years of age and nursing mothers; during pregnancy, the question of the need for use is decided by the doctor.

Many patients, having learned about the hormonal components that make up nasal sprays, are afraid of side effects and complications.

It should be clarified that topical application reduces absorption into the blood and systemic effects to a minimum, so there is practically no risk of complications, with the exception of an overdose of the drug.

This is the best replacement for vasoconstrictors for the common cold today. A detailed description of this group of drugs and features of their use.

Non vasoconstrictors

Since nasal congestion is the main companion of a runny nose, in order to alleviate the condition, almost all patients immediately run to the pharmacy for a vasoconstrictor, using it without a doctor's recommendation, uncontrollably and without observing the dosage.

Long-term use of such drugs, especially with an unspecified form of rhinitis, leads to a complication in the form (dependence on vasoconstrictor drops).

As a result, the capillaries of the nose lose their ability to independently return to their usual state, and the use of vasoconstrictors does not bring relief, on the contrary, after the end of the action, the vessels expand even more.

To save the patient from this condition, doctors prescribe drugs with the opposite effect.

All of them have a hormonal basis, but they allow you to eliminate the symptoms of drug-induced rhinitis in the initial stages, when surgery is not yet required:

• Flixotide;
• Avamis;
• Tafen Nasal;
• Nazarel;
• Rinoclenil.

These drugs not only tone the vessels of the nose, but improve the absorption and effect of the drugs used for the complex treatment of rhinitis.

They should be used with caution in patients with an allergic predisposition, in such cases the doctor is responsible for prescribing and dosing.

Solutions of sea salt from the common cold

The best remedy for a cold in its initial stage is a saline solution. All doctors tell patients that at the first symptoms of rhinitis, you should not immediately use vasoconstrictor and other drugs, you first need to try to get by with washing with ordinary table salt, or prepare a solution from sea salt purchased at a pharmacy.

The procedure will help to thin the mucus that has accumulated in the nasal passages, bring it out, and also disinfect the mucous membrane.

To prepare the solution, you need to take 1 teaspoon of sea salt, dissolve it completely in a glass of boiled water and rinse at least 2-3 times a day.

You can add a few drops of lemon juice to the composition, this will stimulate local immunity and increase the body's resistance to colds.

If you do not want to prepare the solution yourself, you can purchase a ready-made isotonic drug from the list below at the pharmacy:

• Aqua Maris - it contains water from the Adriatic Sea, thanks to which the drug helps to normalize the work of ciliary cells, reduce the viscosity of the secret, remove allergens, bacteria and viruses from the nasal cavity, cleanse the tissue and reduce swelling. Also in the composition there are useful elements magnesium, chlorine, sodium, calcium and others.
• Marimer is an isotonic solution of sea water, which is used to treat and prevent ENT infections, allergic rhinitis, acute bacterial pathologies of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Allows you to wash off harmful agents (viruses, bacteria, allergens) from the surface of the mucosa, relieve a person of congestion and excessive production of mucus.
• Dolphin is a preparation in the form of a powder, which, after mixing with boiled water, is used to wash the nose. In addition to sea salt, it contains rosehip and licorice root extracts, which provide a thinning, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effect. The irrigation system is equipped with a convenient nozzle that regulates the flow of solution into the nasal cavity and does not create excessive pressure.

Also, in the treatment of the common cold, isotonic solutions Humer, Aqualor, Rinostop Aqua, and even simple sodium chloride (saline) are successfully used.

To combat rhinitis, it is necessary to wash the nose regularly, and if necessary, use additional funds, introduce them after the use of saline solutions (this will increase their absorption and effectiveness).

Cold medicine with essential oils

Some remedies for the treatment of rhinitis contain essential oils of plants that have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antiviral effects.

In addition to performing these functions, Natural esters help to soften and restore the mucous tissue of the nasal passages, in order to avoid its excessive irritation.

It is necessary to tell in more detail about several representatives of such drugs:

• Pinosol.

Contains extracts of eucalyptus, pine and fir, as well as excipients thymol, guaiazulene and vitamin E.

Drops perfectly relieve swelling of the tissue, facilitate breathing, help thin the mucus, and have an anti-inflammatory effect.

Vitamin E is a component that restores damaged mucosal tissues, accelerates their regeneration and has an antioxidant effect. Drops are used even in children and pregnant women, which indicates their safety and non-toxicity.

• Eucacept.

These are drops similar in composition and action to Pinosol, but they cost much less (about 40 rubles), which makes them effective and inexpensive means to combat rhinitis.

The plant extracts included in the composition are not addictive, so they can be used for quite a long time.

The danger of products containing eucalyptus oil is only for allergy sufferers, who may experience an unforeseen reaction to the use of Eucacept. Therefore, before use, it is necessary to consult an allergist.

• Sanorin.

These are drops with a combined action, they have a vasoconstrictive and softening effect.

Also, the agent effectively removes swelling of the mucous membrane, acts on pathogenic microorganisms, causing their death.

Many patients appreciated the restoration of the nasal epithelium and the powerful antimicrobial effect during the use of the drug.

• Nazol Advance.

Spray based on oxymetazoline, with the addition of eucalyptol (concentrated eucalyptus extract). Oxymetazoline has a long-term effect, it facilitates breathing for 12 hours in a row, and the plant extract fights the reproduction of viruses and bacteria in the nasal cavity, relieves inflammation, thins the viscous secretion and promotes its removal to the outside.

The drug has a powerful effect, so it can not be used for longer than 3 days in a row.

Cold medicines based on essential oils- this is a good help in the treatment of the disease. But for best effect you must first set the type of exciter and differentiate rhinitis from or, since in this case, congestion alone will not be enough.

Phytopreparations

So called means of natural origin, contributing to prompt elimination signs of rhinitis. Most pharmacy medicines have a chemical basis, except for those that contain eucalyptus extracts and essential oils (they were discussed above).

Tinctures

To cure a runny nose safely and effectively, you can use decoctions and tinctures of plants that have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Such means include the following:

• calendula is a herb with pronounced antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat viral and bacterial rhinitis, and the plant also has a healing and regenerating effect on the nasal mucosa;
• eucalyptus - increases the body's resistance due to the activation of local immunity, has antimicrobial properties, liquefies and removes thick mucus from the nasal cavity;
• Hypericum perforatum- fights the reproduction of pathogenic flora in the nose, eliminates the stagnation of mucus, facilitates breathing, reduces inflammation, and also increases the body's resistance;
• aloe and kalanchoe - the juice of these plants has long been used as a means of combating rhinitis, it relieves inflammation, increases local immunity, accelerates the restoration of damaged tissues of the mucous epithelium;
• badan thick-leaved- the roots of the plant are successfully used as a remedy for nasal congestion without a runny nose, which occurs in a neglected or chronic form. On the basis of dry raw materials, a powder is prepared for instillation into the nasal cavity;
• ephedra bicolata- on the basis of this medicinal plant, nasal drops are made, with a powerful vasoconstrictor effect.

Tablet form

In addition to topical application of natural extracts medicinal plants doctors prescribe herbal preparations in the form of tablets, for example, Cinnabsin.

This homeopathic remedy is used even for sinusitis caused by a bacterial infection, relieves inflammation, reduces the secretion of mucus in the sinuses, facilitates breathing and improves local immunity.

Among the homeopathic remedies intended for the treatment of the common cold, there are:

• Euphorbium Composite- drops and spray for the local treatment of rhinitis, even in complex and neglected forms, accompanied by dryness and atrophy of the mucosa. The drug does not have vasoconstrictive properties, it treats the cause of the common cold, so its use is long-term.
• Rinitol Edas-131 - clears the nasal passages from viscous and thick mucus, acts as a means of preventing the complications of the common cold.
• Delufen is a safe spray for the treatment of patients of all ages. It has activity against viruses, bacteria and allergens, treats even chronic forms runny nose.
• Aflubin-Nase - spray for rhinitis, sinusitis and sinusitis. It contains mercury components, so the use of the drug is contraindicated in patients under the age of 12 and suffering from thyroid pathologies.

The treatment of rhinitis with phytopreparations causes a lot of controversy, both among doctors and patients, for some they successfully help to cope with a runny nose, for others they are useless.

However, medicine has long singled out homeopathy as a separate branch of science, which once again confirms the effectiveness of correctly prescribed and administered treatment.

Preparations for inhalation

Treating a runny nose with an inhaler is effective, reliable and safe. If a nebulizer is used, the preparations will be required without the content of essential oils and suspended particles, since when they enter the respiratory organs, they clog the lumen of the bronchi and cause their obstruction.

For ultrasonic inhalation, the following groups of drugs are used:

Saline solutions- they effectively cleanse the nasal cavity of viscous mucus, have a disinfectant and anti-inflammatory effect. For the nebulizer, sodium chloride (saline) is chosen, as well as pharmacy isotonic preparations - Aqua Maris, Marimer, Humer, Aqualor, Dolphin. Read more about how and with what medicines to carry out the procedure with a nebulizer.

Alkaline solutions– canteens are successfully used to eliminate the symptoms of rhinitis mineral water Essentuki, Borjomi, Narzan. They allow the sinuses to get rid of a thick secretion, liquefy purulent masses in case of bacterial infections, and serve as a prevention of the common cold of various etiologies.

Antimicrobial solutions- are prescribed in the treatment of bacterial rhinitis. Apply drugs Furacilin, Tobramycin, Dioxidin, Fluimucil. These funds thin the sputum, and then contribute to its gentle removal from the nasal passages and sinuses, have a disinfecting effect.

Immunomodulators- allow you to increase the body's resistance and activate local immunity. In the inhaler, you can use the drugs Cycloferon, Gripferon, Interferon.

Antiallergic drugs- with a runny nose caused by sensitization and accompanied by shortness of breath, Berotek, Berodual, Ventolin are prescribed. They relieve swelling of the mucous tissue of the nose, larynx and bronchi, facilitate breathing.

Steam inhalations can be carried out using a soda-salt solution (a couple of drops of iodine are added there for a disinfecting effect), essential oils of arborvitae, fir, pine, lavender, sea buckthorn, mint. All types of colds and preparations for their implementation.

Let's summarize

As you can see, there are many remedies for the treatment of the common cold. Which one to choose - to determine on your own is not only difficult, but also dangerous, since any medicine must be approved by a physician before use.

Particular attention should be shown to people prone to allergies and forced to use antihistamine and hormonal nasal preparations, these groups of medicines always require a doctor's prescription and adherence to prescribed dosages.

The only remedies that can be used without fear are sea salt solutions and those containing natural herbal ingredients, however, their use should be stopped if there is no positive effect within 1-2 weeks, and then consult an ENT doctor.