How to get your voice back after surgery. Vocal fold paresis after thyroid surgery

Transcranial magnetic stimulation. We stimulate brain cells with an alternating magnetic field. After a course of procedures, the interaction of various parts of the brain improves. Magnetic stimulation is effective for depression, migraine, tinnitus, neuralgia, neuropathic pain.

Light therapy. We act with light rays brighter than the light in the house, but not as bright as the light of the Sun. After light therapy, the circadian rhythm is restored, the person returns to the normal schedule of going to bed and waking up. Light therapy is effective for seasonal depressive disorders, sleep problems, feeling tired after waking up.

Electro sleep. Due to a specially tuned electromagnetic field, the overexcitation of brain structures decreases, which leads to the restoration of the nervous system. It is carried out on modern equipment.

. it modern method restoration of the neurological, mental and somatic state with the help of special equipment, a monitor, computer programs and sensors that are installed on the patient. Helps with many neurological diseases, neurosis, overexcitation and sleep disorders.

Acupuncture. We put needles on acupuncture biologically active points. After acupuncture sessions, pain, spasms, a feeling of stiffness decrease, the psycho-emotional state normalizes. The method is effective for VVD, pain syndromes, neurotic conditions, panic attacks, sleep disorders.

Osteopathy. We influence the musculoskeletal system, internal organs hands without the use of medicines. After a session of osteopathy, pain in the back, joints, limbs decreases, spasms disappear, blood circulation improves. The method is effective in diseases musculoskeletal system, pain in various parts of the body, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the genitourinary system.

Manual therapy. We influence massage movements on the spine, bones, intervertebral discs. After a session of manual therapy, pain in the back and limbs decreases, arterial pressure, chronic fatigue and insomnia disappear. Method not drug treatment effective for pain of various etiologies, pinched vessels and nerves.

Massage and SPA treatments. We select a classic, relaxing, tonic massage. Massage sessions and spa treatments help to relax, get rid of pain and discomfort in the body, normalize the psycho-emotional state. Effective at prolonged stress, after excessive loads, during recovery from injuries and operations.

diet therapy. Based on the assessment of the state, we select a healthy diet. According to indications, we use therapeutic starvation.

You are given only a part of the applied non-drug methods used in our clinic.

Why you should contact us

1. We use proven methods. We use methods approved by WHO, the Ministry of Health, Russian and international health institutes.
2. We select therapy individually. Evaluate general state health, the degree of disease, the presence of contraindications. Depending on this, we select an effective and safe treatment.
3. We conduct sessions in the clinic. We make appointments for non-drug procedures with the doctors of the clinic. If we do not have specialists of the relevant profile, we recommend trusted doctors in the city.

To learn more about the methods of treatment at the clinic or to make an appointment with a doctor, call us or use the feedback form. The administrator will call you back, answer questions, invite you to a consultation at a convenient time for you.

The basis of non-drug treatment of hypertension is a change in the patient's lifestyle. It means here:

• reduction in salt intake. The recommended rate is 5-6 grams per day. The contribution of salt (sodium chloride) to the development of hypertension is quite large, since salt retains fluid in the vessels, hence the increase in pressure.
• complete cessation of smoking. Nicotine has been shown to inhibit the effectiveness of certain antihypertensive drugs. Moreover, smoking itself increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and other pathologies, including cancer.
• reduction in alcohol consumption. It is important to understand that alcohol is not so terrible as dependence on it. Alcoholism leads to liver pathology, and its role in the regulation of pressure cannot be overestimated. Daily rate alcohol for men - 20-30 g of pure ethanol (50-60 g of vodka, 200-250 ml of wine, 0.5 l of beer), for women - half as much. The use of more alcohol is accompanied by an increase in pressure, however, the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy also decreases, which is especially fraught for hypertensive patients. And it is best to completely eliminate alcohol from the diet.
• reduction in excess body weight. As you know, excess weight contributes to the development diabetes. an increase in blood cholesterol and the deposition of plaques in the vessels, leads to an increase in the size of the heart - all these are risk factors for hypertension. It is noticed that a decrease in body weight by 10 kg reduces the "upper" pressure by 5-20 mm Hg. Maintaining a body mass index in the range of 19-25 is considered ideal.
• revision of the diet. A person prone to high blood pressure should have more vegetables, fruits, cereals, wholemeal flour products, fiber, natural products, unsaturated fatty acids (olive, linseed oil, fish of the northern seas), dairy products. You need to reduce the consumption of carbohydrates (sugar, confectionery from premium flour), fats of animal origin, foods containing a large amount of cholesterol. Special attention should be given to drinking water, which should be of medium hardness. Too soft water contains little calcium and magnesium salts, and they are necessary for the normal functioning of the heart. The heart also needs potassium, its source is potatoes, natural juices, as well as fresh vegetables and fruits.
• increased physical activity. Regular physical training enhances the hypotensive effect of diet and other non-pharmacological methods of lowering blood pressure. It is recommended to carry out systematic aerobic physical exercises especially people with a sedentary lifestyle (office workers, drivers). The loads must correspond to the abilities of a person: it is unacceptable to overexert yourself, since the pressure in this case will, on the contrary, increase. Best of all - walking (up to 5-6 km daily), light running (up to 45 minutes a day, 3-4 times a week). Effectively helps to reduce swimming pressure. If the level of blood pressure is very high, then physical activity is allowed only after reaching the optimal blood pressure with the help of drugs.
• reducing emotional stress, eliminating stressful situations from your life. It is clear, of course, that it is almost impossible to completely avoid stress in our lives, but we must strive to reduce their number and the overall level of emotional stress in everyday life.

ALL ABOUT HYPERTENSION

Non-drug treatment

Treatment of arterial hypertension. non-drug measures. Prevention of arterial hypertension

All treatment activities arterial hypertension can be divided into two groups: non-drug (recommendations on nutrition, physical activity, etc.) and medication (antihypertensive drugs) The word "conditionally" is very important, because non-drug measures aimed at correcting risk factors for cardiovascular complications, despite their apparent simplicity are very important. Their rather strict and constant observance in some cases makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of arterial hypertension, slow down its progression, and in some patients (unfortunately, not many) they are enough to completely correct high blood pressure. We should not forget that even if the doctor has prescribed you an antihypertensive drug, compliance with non-drug recommendations is very important for the same reasons. Refusal of non-pharmacological measures if available drug therapy is a wrong move.

NON-MEDICATIONAL MEASURES

The goal of non-drug treatment is to develop healthy lifestyle life, which reduces the overall risk of such formidable cardiovascular diseases as stroke, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, heart and kidney failure. The main principles of non-drug treatment include:

• reduced salt intake (no more than 5 g per day, or 1 teaspoon without a slide);
• sufficient intake of potassium and magnesium (3.5 g per day) due to vegetables and fruits;
• reducing the amount of saturated fat;
• reduction of excess body weight;
• increased physical activity;
• limiting excess alcohol consumption (no more than 30 g per day for men and 15 g per day for women in terms of pure alcohol);
• to give up smoking; the ability to relax.

Along with this, it is advisable for women of childbearing age to stop hormonal contraceptives, as they increase blood pressure, and also discuss with the gynecologist another method of contraception. In addition, with concomitant problems with the joints and spine, you should discuss with your doctor the possibility of canceling non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ortofen, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and others), which can cause arterial hypertension (increase in diastolic blood pressure by an average of 5 mm Hg. Art. .).

TO GIVE UP SMOKING

You need a complete and immediate cessation of smoking!

Smoking cessation leads to the fact that after 5 years the risk of developing heart and vascular diseases and their complications becomes the same as that of non-smokers. At the same time, people who continue to smoke remain at an increased risk of developing coronary disease heart even after blood pressure has returned to normal. In addition, smoking may reduce the effectiveness of some antihypertensive drugs (eg, propranolol).

At the same time, with long-term smoking, physical and psychological dependence develops, so you may have considerable difficulties in trying to quit smoking, and consultation of a specialist is required to resolve them. You need to quit smoking immediately, at once, because experience shows that attempts to quit smoking are gradually doomed to failure. In the first days and weeks of quitting, avoid tense situations, informal communication with heavy smokers, boredom, try to occupy your head and hands with something.

Dieting has been proven to lower blood pressure. Moreover, the effectiveness of dieting in many patients is comparable even with the action of antihypertensive drugs. Compliance with the diet reduces systolic blood pressure by 4.4-14 mm Hg. Art. and diastolic - pa 2.5-5.5 mm Hg. Art. Special studies conducted among large populations have shown that dietary compliance leads to a reduction in the incidence of heart disease by 15% and stroke by 27%.

People who eat a vegetarian diet have lower blood pressure than people who don't eat meat. Apparently, this is due to the exclusion from the diet of foods containing saturated animal fats. This leads to a decrease in blood viscosity. In addition, plant-based foods contain less sodium and fat, while total absence cholesterol. Vegetables and fruits are also rich in potassium and magnesium, which also help lower blood pressure.

There are 10 rules healthy eating.

1. Eat varied and tasty.

2. Pay attention to fats in food. Try to cook without animal fats.

3. Eat enough bran bread and potatoes.

4. Use every day 200 g of vegetables and 2 1 servings of fruits.

5. Don't increase your weight! Do not eat "for the company"! Don't be afraid to leave half-eaten on your plate! Don't buy groceries when you're hungry!

6. Save salt!

7. Drink enough (but not alcohol). Everyone should drink at least 1 - 1.5 liters of liquid per day (water, tea, milk, juice, yogurt, soup, etc.) A glass of still water half an hour before meals reduces appetite.

8. Don't snack all day. Proceed from the sin of the main methods of poverty and one additional. Don't skip breakfast or lunch.

9. Follow the rules of hygiene. Give yourself enough time, take your time to swallow your food,

10. Read the information on food packages. Do not trust the words "diet", "low-calorie", pay attention to the numbers.

Our ideas about what we eat and how it corresponds to the concept of a healthy diet are strikingly different from reality. This is illustrated by a study conducted in one of the prosperous countries of the European Union - in the Netherlands:

Only 2 out of 10 Dutch people think they eat too much fatty foods. In fact, 6 out of 10 do it;

only 1 in 10 believe they eat too few vegetables. In practice, this occurs in 8 out of 10;

- Only 3 out of 10 think they eat too little fruit. In fact, it occurs in 6 out of 10.

Fat free or with reduced content fat dairy products, cereals, fruits, vegetables, nuts, beans, fish. Preference should be given to foods rich in protein and containing trace elements - potassium, calcium, magnesium (these trace elements have a hypotensive effect). It is recommended to introduce garlic into the daily diet, which has a beneficial effect on people with high blood pressure and blood cholesterol levels. You can start with 1 clove of garlic per day or 1.5-6 grams of garlic; in tablets. At the same time, you do not need to count on lowering the level of cholesterol in the blood. It has been proven that this requires a daily intake of 7-28 cloves of garlic!

Foods rich in saturated fats that increase cholesterol levels are not recommended. in the blood, as well as cholesterol itself: fatty meats, including goose and duck meat, rich broths, beef, pork, mutton fat, organ meats (liver, kidneys, brains, heart), minced meat, bacon, lard, loin, carbonade, hamburgers, salami cervelata, sausages, sausages, pates, butter, margarine in packs, coconut and palm oil, mayonnaise, egg yolks, caviar, shrimp, squid, eel, cream, full-fat sour cream, concentrated milk, goat's milk, cheeses (fat content more than 40%), cream or cheese sauces, puddings, cream, pastries, cream cakes, fatty snacks, cocoa, chocolate (especially milk), toffee, fudge, coconut bars, butter and soy ice cream, hot chocolate , Irish coffee. Remember that "a cake stays a minute in your mouth, an hour in your stomach, and a lifetime in your waist." An extra 100 g of carbohydrates leads to the deposition of 30 g of fat in the body.

Try to eat fish, especially sea fish, at least 1-2 days a week (at a ratio of 2/3 "white" and 1/3 oily). Replace most animal fats with vegetable oils: sunflower, olive ("Extga virgen"), corn, soy, peanut, nut, grape seed (1 tablespoon per day). They are unsaturated ("healthy") fats that lower blood cholesterol. For margarines, choose only soft varieties containing less than 17 g of saturated fat per 100 g (in jars, not packs). Please note: the minimum content of unsaturated fats should be 75%, while polyunsaturated fats - 50%. Use products that include the word "light" in the name. The latter means that they contain 1/3 less calories, fat, sugar and salt than a comparable "regular" product. French fries and potato croquettes cooked in lard and melted animal fat are not recommended. They can be cooked in vegetable oil and eaten no more than once a week. Recommended mashed potatoes using vegetable oil and without adding egg yolks. Cool the meat broth and skim off any layer of congealed fat. Eggs are allowed to be consumed only in boiled form and not more than twice a week. If you love baking, replace eggs in recipes with egg whites (one whole equals 2 egg whites or 1 egg white with 2 teaspoons of vegetable oil. Avoid high-fat baked goods (cakes, biscuits, croissants, coffee biscuits). Choose low-calorie, low-calorie sweets. fat (oatmeal cookies or whole grain crackers.) Prefer fruit desserts without cream and sugar, fruit jellies, sherbet ice cream, ripe fruit sorbet.

Use non-stick cookware that does not require the addition of fat when cooking, as well as a grill. A microwave oven is well suited for cooking potatoes, vegetables or fish, as well as heating dishes.

Products containing licorice (licorice) should be excluded from the diet (sweets with antitussive effect, etc.). The maximum caffeine intake per day should not exceed 400 mg (drink no more than 2 cups of coffee or strong tea per day, actively use decaffeinated coffee). Coffee beans contain substances that increase blood cholesterol levels. However, when brewing coffee in coffee makers by filtering, they remain on the filter. On the contrary, when making coffee in a cezve, a French press, these substances directly enter the cup, so do not use these methods of brewing coffee every day. Instant coffee has no effect on cholesterol levels. The use of "Coca-Cola" and "Pepsi-Cola", preparations containing caffeine is not recommended. It should be remembered that in 1 teaspoon instant coffee or 3 teaspoons of ground contains 100-150 mg of caffeine, 1 glass of tea or Coca-Cola - 14 mg, cocoa - 17 mg.

LOWER SALT CONSUMPTION

A relatively simple diet modification (no salt on the table, avoiding salty foods) can reduce salt intake to 100 mmol/day. This in 20-29 years leads to a decrease of 1 mm Hg. Art. diastolic blood pressure. In contrast, the same decrease in salt in the diet at age 60-69 years can lead to a drop in diastolic BP by 7 mm Hg. Art. which is comparable to the reduction achieved with diuretics or beta-blockers. Therefore, older people with hypertension need to reduce their salt intake. This can be achieved without discomfort, and patients are likely to benefit from this measure, as it will lead to a decrease in diastolic BP and a decrease in the need for drug therapy with all the associated side effects.

Excessive salt intake leads to fluid retention in the body, which leads to an increase in blood pressure. It is recommended to limit your salt intake to 2 g per day.

Adhere to the following rules:

- do not add salt to food during cooking,

- remove the salt shaker from the table,

- replace salt seasonings with salt-free spices,

When buying foods, read about their sodium content.

Gradually reduce the amount of salt. Eliminate salty snacks (potato chips, salted nuts, olives, capers, sauerkraut, cheese crackers, etc.), foods in fast food restaurants, salted butter and cheese, ham, smoked meats, sausages, including in jars, herring, anchovies, smoked eel, salmon and sardines, canned vegetables and mushrooms and soups fast food from cans or bags, bouillon cubes, tomato juice. Ready-made herbal mixtures, seasonings "Maggi", sauces from bags, mayonnaise, ketchup, ready-made mustard, salted tomato paste, soy sauce. Use fresh or deep-frozen vegetables, which are naturally low in sodium. Read food labels carefully for sodium content.

If you are used to a certain taste of food, use special table salt substitutes - "Sanasol", "Losalt", etc. (sea salt contains a lot of sodium and therefore is not recommended), onion, garlic, pepper, paprika, horseradish, mustard seeds , lemon juice, ginger, cranberry, cumin, Thai fish and Chinese oyster sauces, fresh and dry herbs (basil, dill, tarragon, rosemary, oregano, watercress, parsley, mint, thyme), as well as spices (bay leaf, anise, cloves, curry, nutmeg, cayenne pepper, cinnamon, juniper).

ALCOHOL

Excessive alcohol consumption not only increases blood pressure for 1-2 weeks, increasing the risk of stroke, but is also a source of a large number calories, which exacerbates the problem of being overweight. Excessive alcohol intake can cause the low effectiveness of antihypertensive (lowering blood pressure) drugs. Restriction of alcohol provides a decrease in systolic blood pressure by 2-4 mm Hg. Art.

World Health Organization (WHO) experts recommend limiting alcohol consumption (no more than 30 g of pure alcohol per day for men, these are: 30-60 ml of vodka, cognac, gin, rum or tequila, 120-240 ml of wine, 350 ml of beer; and 15 g of pure alcohol per day for women or for low weight men). And yet preference should be given not to strong alcoholic beverages, but to wine. The latter is due to the fact that it contains natural antioxidants (vitamins A, C, E), as well as substances that reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood, thin the blood, and protect against the development of tumors (polyphenols). Polyphenol levels are twice as high in red than white wine. It should be noted that the beneficial effect of wine is manifested if it is drunk slowly with meals. Don't think that if you haven't had a drink today, tomorrow you can safely add the saved glass to your daily one!

BX

Basal metabolism is the minimum energy consumption necessary to maintain the life of the body in a state of complete rest, with the exclusion of all internal and external influences, 12 hours after eating.

Basal metabolism is expressed as the amount of energy in kilocalories (kcal) or kilojoules (kJ) released by the whole organism (or per 1 kg of its mass) per unit of time (minute, hour or day).

Calories are outdated and non-standard, but familiar and generally accepted units of measurement of energy (heat, amount of work): one calorie heats one gram of water by one degree. One kilocalorie is a thousand calories.

The basal metabolism of an adult is approximately 1 kcal per 1 kg of body weight per hour. So, the daily basal metabolism in a man aged 30 years weighing 80 kg will be equal to 1920 kcal (1 kcal x 80 kg x 24 hours).

The basal metabolic rate depends on age, body weight, sex and many other factors. The basal metabolic rate of the same person on different days can vary by ± 10%.

Age. After 20-30 years, the basal metabolism begins to decline. On average, per year in adult men, the daily basal metabolism decreases by 7 kcal, in women - by 2 or 3 kcal.

The basal metabolism in adults decreases by 7-10% every 10 years and by old age reaches the minimum values ​​for each person.

The daily basal metabolic energy requirement for people aged 60 years is calculated as follows:

for men: weight (kg) x 13.5 + 487;

length of women: weight (kg) x 10.5 + 596.

Body mass. There is a clear connection between the development of muscle tissue and basal metabolism: with the same weight and height, a lean and muscular person spends 10-15% more energy on basal metabolism than a full and loose "non-athlete".

The intensity of metabolism and energy in adipose tissue is three times lower than in the rest of the cell mass of the body.

Each gram of adipose tissue "burns" 25-30% less energy than the "average" gram of the so-called lean mass spends in the same time. Energy consumption per kilogram of body weight in obesity of the II degree is 20-25% less than in healthy people, and with obesity of the III degree - by 30%. Therefore, with obesity, the total basal metabolic mass increases much more slowly than body weight.

Floor. The metabolic processes in women are less intensive than in men. With the same height, women have less body weight, the muscular system is less developed, and adipose tissue is stronger. All this leads to the fact that the basic exchange per kg of weight in women is less compared to men. Accordingly, a woman needs less energy to maintain basal metabolism than a man of the same weight. Normally, these differences are 5-6%.

Food. The level of basal metabolism depends on the diet of a person. Prolonged food restriction or excessive food intake significantly affects the basic metabolism. Significantly affects the exchange and qualitative composition of food, in particular, increased or insufficient content and diet of certain nutrients, i.e. diet imbalance.

With food restriction, the basal metabolic rate decreases. In this case, body weight may remain unchanged or decrease, depending on individual characteristics and the quantity and quality of food consumed.

Excessive food intake can lead to both an increase and a decrease in basal metabolic rate. The decrease in metabolism is explained by the accumulation of inactive adipose tissue in the body, and the increase is due to the increased load on the internal organs associated with overweight.

The basal metabolism also depends on the quality of food, excessive and predominant protein nutrition basal metabolism increases, and with carbohydrate, on the contrary, it decreases.

muscle activity. Intense muscle work contributes to an increase in basal metabolism. Physical inactivity leads to a decrease in basal metabolism.

Ambient temperature. Most researchers point to an increase in basal metabolism during low temperatures and decrease - at high.

Diseases. In healthy people, the basal metabolism largely depends on the individual characteristics of the condition. thyroid gland. With an increased function of the thyroid glands (hyperthyroidism), the basal metabolism increases by 150% or more, and with a significant decrease in its function (pronounced hypothyroidism), it decreases by 35-40%.

Basal metabolism increases during febrile states. An increase in temperature by 1 degree leads to an increase in basal metabolism by 13% due to an increase in heat production, increased ventilation of the lungs and an increase in the frequency of heart contractions.

Nutrition and metabolism. There is a theory of ideal energy expenditure. Its essence lies in the fact that with a constant weight in healthy people, energy expenditure does not depend on changes in the amount of incoming food. In case of deviations from the ideal body weight, energy expenditure decreases with a decrease in food intake and increases with overeating. Intense physical activity causes a natural increase in food intake while maintaining body weight at a constant level.

With obesity, there is a more economical expenditure of nutrients and energy during and at work. To maintain a stable weight, full requires only 65% ​​of the "average" diet, and thin - 135%.

Maintaining body weight is an indicator of the energy adequacy of nutrition.

appetite and eating behavior. Obese people expend less energy on normal activities. physiological functions. However, excess nutrition compared to energy expenditure is the main reason for the deviation of body weight from ideal.

Appetite is not a necessary part of feeling hungry. It can occur on its own: sometimes during a meal, and often in anticipation of a favorite dish. Appetite is caused by a deficiency in the body of a certain substance. Often it reflects innate or acquired as a result of the peculiarities of upbringing, individual inclinations to any dish.

Eating behavior is formed in childhood. Older children often compensate for their loneliness and abandonment with food. Often parents use food as a reward. If the child behaves well, then they give him something "delicious" - food in this case becomes a reward. If the baby does not behave the way the parents want, then they deprive him of sweets, that is, they use food as a punishment. As a result, the child begins to perceive the rejection of poverty as the deprivation of the only joy. Subsequently, it will be difficult for him to teach him to perceive the refusal of food as a reward, and overeating as a punishment.

Pathological eating behavior is often formed in adulthood. At the first stage, psychological dependence develops, and at the second - physiological. Imagine that you really like some product, for example a cake, and you want to eat again - this is a psychological addiction, you buy it again and again, and then you feel that without this cake the evening will be ruined, and again you go to the store - it's a psychological addiction. Cake has ceased to be a source of pleasure, but becomes a need that must be satisfied. It also forms the habit of drinking sweet tea, using a lot of salt.

Eating behavior can be significantly disturbed in cases of psychoses and neuroses. Both excess food intake and refusal of it can be a manifestation of protest when difficulties arise in other areas of life. It has long been known that many widows begin to gain weight. 30% of people have an increase in appetite as a reaction to stress. In overweight people, this phenomenon occurs 1.5 times more often. The feeling of anxiety prompts you to approach the refrigerator more often, and even in those accidental anxiety is not justified. Depression, a violation of the usual way of life can cause a desire to relieve tension, get rid of anxiety. This is where the danger of deviation from the ideal mass lies - either in connection with overeating, or in connection with the complete refusal to write. Often the cause of overeating is boring work, monotonous life, lack of new experiences and joys.

This process is accompanied by the development of hypodynamia, laziness, unwillingness to do anything. Overeating and physical inactivity contribute to weight gain. If a person was once "excess * weight, then psychological reasons return it to its original state.

Food triggers the release of endorphins, hormones similar to drugs, in the brain. This creates a feeling of calmness, relaxation, comfort. This happens especially often with those people who in childhood developed a conditioned reflex of "anxiety seizure". Often there is a need to "seize" anxiety with carbohydrate foods - sweets, chocolate. The so-called carbohydrate craving develops - some nutritionists call it "carbohydrate addiction". Craving for sweets often accompanies depression, anxiety.

If you are accustomed to eating more than you need, if you are accustomed to eating to reward yourself, if you are accustomed to eating when cats scratch your soul, then you can no longer rely on the signals of your body.

People get fat from tedious work. The Department of Public Health at the University of Helsinki published "Psychological working conditions and weight gain in employees" as part of the ongoing Helsinki Heart Study, which included 7,000 women and 2,000 men aged 40 to 60. It turned out that those who are very tired at work get better especially often: among women - those who find it difficult to combine work and family, among men - those who are highly demanding at work.

Alcohol and excess weight. Excessive alcohol consumption is without a doubt the most common, although not the only, cause of weight gain.

Alcohol stimulates the appetite. Even mild intoxication reduces control over food intake. A person who regularly consumes alcohol quickly gains weight. If alcohol dependence develops, then over time, the appetite and need for food fall, and patients gradually become exhausted.

Any alcoholic drink is a high-calorie product, which is also very easily absorbed into the blood and absorbed very quickly (for example, a glass of beer (200 ml) contains approximately 53.2 kcal, a glass of table wine (90 ml) - 57.4 kcal , in a glass of fortified wine (60 ml) - 61.6 kcal, and in a glass of vodka (30 ml) - 64.4 kcal).

Thus, the constant consumption of alcoholic beverages, even in small quantities, can lead to overweight and obesity.

WEIGHT CONTROL

There is a strong relationship between overweight and high blood pressure. Excessive deposition of fat in the abdomen is especially unfavorable. Weight loss lowers blood pressure, normalizes fat and carbohydrate metabolism, and reduces the risk of cardiovascular complications.

The problem of achieving and controlling ideal body weight is very difficult, since there is no panacea for this, therefore, you will need the help of an appropriate specialist. There is a common misconception that you need to eat less to lose weight. However, this is not quite true. To maintain a normal body weight, it is necessary to follow a diet that will provide a real level of energy costs. So, if you find that you are gaining weight, then you have two options: the first is to reduce the calorie content of the food you eat; the second is to increase the level of energy costs due to physical activity. The results will be best if you combine both methods. A balanced diet is a matter of discipline, moderation and sanity, not starvation! Remember to refrain from all bizarre and exotic dietary advice, as they tend to be inferior in their own way. nutritional composition and the weight loss they produce is usually short-lived and quickly reversible.

PHYSICAL EXERCISES

Regular exercise is very beneficial for health. They normalize body weight, help reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood pressure, keep the cardiovascular system in good shape, stimulate metabolic processes, reduce susceptibility to stress, etc.

Regular exercise for 30 minutes lowers systolic blood pressure by 3-9 mmHg. Art. and diastolic - 3 mm Hg. Art. In general, they reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular complications.

Entering the mode of physical activity should be done gradually - the less physically active you are, the slower you should increase the load.

ABILITY TO RELAX

It is extremely difficult to get rid of the various stresses that our life gives us. The founder of the doctrine of stress, Hans Selye, said: "Stress can cause both a passionate kiss and a kick in the ass!" What can you do to counter this? Smile! Think positive! It is very important to create a calm psychological climate at home and at work, to be optimistic and friendly. Avoid the state of chronic overwork, alternate between mental and physical work. Organize your life: keep a diary, set up an effective storage system for invoices, receipts, letters and documents.

Try to get at least 7-8 hours of sleep per day. To improve falling asleep, it is useful to take a calm walk in the fresh air before going to bed, take a warm foot or general bath, drink warm tea with soothing herbs, give up a heavy dinner in the evening, and TV programs. Your doctor may recommend, along with physical exercise, so-called periods of relaxation or relaxation. This could be reading, listening to music, daytime sleep, deep breathing exercises, autogenic training (breathing training, volitional relaxation of the mouse, changing body position, concentration, yoga, meditation, hypnosis and anything else that really relaxes you). The use of these methods once or twice a week will reduce the level of substances that increase blood pressure, which, in the end, can lead to a decrease in systolic blood pressure by 6 and diastolic blood pressure by 4 mm Hg. Art. But it does not at all follow from this that you have reason to consider yourself an invalid and relax indefinitely. If something hurts you, do not accumulate tears inside, do not be afraid to burst into tears in front of loved ones or alone. Control your guilt, learn to distinguish between the justified expectations of loved ones and their unrealistic demands. Learn to be a little selfish: you should love yourself more, think about yourself, be able to appreciate your good qualities.

Non-drug treatment of arterial hypertension

arterial hypertension affects 20 - 30% of the adult population. With age, the prevalence increases and reaches 50 - 65% in people over 65 years of age. Among all forms arterial hypertension the share of mild and moderate accounts for about 70 - 80%, in other cases, there is a pronounced arterial hypertension.

For the diagnosis of high blood pressure it is enough to fix at least three times increased blood pressure figures obtained at different times against the backdrop of a calm environment, the patient should not take drugs that change blood pressure that day. Failure to comply with the latter condition can lead to an increase in blood pressure: after drinking coffee by 11/5 mm Hg. Art. alcohol - by 8/8 mm Hg. Art. after smoking - by 6/5 mm Hg. Art. when crowded bladder- by 15/10 mm Hg. Art. in the absence of support for the arm - by 7/11 mm Hg. Art.

Purpose of treatment arterial hypertension- prevention long-term effects this pathological condition. Most patients require lifelong antihypertensive therapy, but first it is advisable to monitor the pressure for 4 to 6 months to assess the possibility of its spontaneous decrease, except in cases where immediate medical treatment is necessary (in case of damage to target organs: kidneys, brain, heart , vessels, as well as with the ineffectiveness of non-drug treatment).

Non-drug treatment means a change in lifestyle. The main measures of non-drug effects in hypertension are diet, reduction of excess body weight, sufficient physical activity, refusal to bad habits. In 40 - 60% of patients with the initial stage of arterial hypertension with low numbers of blood pressure, it is possible to achieve its reduction with the help of non-drug treatment alone.

For patients with high blood pressure, a special diet number 10. which implies limiting table salt to 6-8 g / day (3-4 g in foods and 3-4 g added to food), free liquid up to 1.2 liters (including soups, jelly, etc.), animal fats , with their replacement with vegetable ones, the inclusion in the diet of foods rich in cell membranes (vegetables, fruits, cereals), vitamins, potassium, calcium, magnesium ions. The energy value should not exceed 2600 kcal / day. This diet should be followed by all who suffer arterial hypertension. Additional difficulties arise in patients with increased body weight. As a rule, hypertensive patients are obese. It is now generally accepted that if the weight begins to exceed 15% of the ideal, there is a much greater chance of developing coronary heart disease against the background of high blood pressure, diabetes. vascular atherosclerosis.

All patients with arterial hypertension, whose body weight exceeds 15% of the ideal weight loss. It is believed that a decrease in excess body weight by 1 kg leads to a decrease in blood pressure by an average of 2 mm Hg. Art.

In order to reduce the amount of energy stored in the body in the form of fat, it is necessary to consume less energy than the body expends. There are three ways to lose weight: reduce food intake, increase physical activity, or a combination of these 2 methods. It is necessary to make sure that the body expends more energy than it receives from food.

For a fat person whose energy requirement reaches 2000 kcal per day, even a fairly sparing diet of 1500 kcal will reduce energy intake by 500 kcal per day, or 3500 kcal per week, which corresponds to 450 g of weight. Even Hippocrates said: "Medicine should be food, and food should be medicine." Following this rule, when choosing a diet, you must consider individual characteristics body, lifestyle, mode of work and rest. The diet should also be complete, i.e. contain all the necessary nutrients in sufficient quantities.

As an independent method of non-drug therapy arterial hypertension. and in addition to the diet, sufficient physical activity of the cyclic type (walking, light running, skiing) in the absence of contraindications can help normalize blood pressure. For example, jogging for 30 minutes helps to burn 300 kcal or 40 g of weight, swimming - 175 kcal in 30 minutes, skating - 200 kcal in 30 minutes. But the simplest and accessible way is normal walking. When 4,000 doctors from 20 countries were asked the easiest way to improve their health, they answered: walk. Walking improves blood circulation, stimulates the heart and lungs, relaxes the joints and helps to lose weight.

American scientists have proven that repeated moderately intense dynamic loads cause a significant decrease in blood pressure, regardless of weight loss or changes in sodium excretion.

Retained their value and other methods of treatment arterial hypertension. psychotherapy, acupuncture, physiotherapeutic methods (electrosleep, diadynamic currents), water procedures, herbal medicine (chokeberry, tincture of hawthorn, motherwort, fees with marsh cudweed, hawthorn, sweet clover).

Juice from chokeberry berries is taken for the treatment of hypertension, 0.25 cups 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals

Is it possible to non-drug treatment of hypertension? If the blood pressure is not very high, there is no damage to the kidneys or heart, then it is not only possible, but also necessary to resort to non-drug treatment. They say about hypertension when the blood pressure in the vessels is too high (more than 140/90 mm Hg). Without treatment, such cardiovascular diseases like stroke and heart attack. Since hypertension can go on for a long time without any symptoms, it is important to check your blood pressure periodically. In some cases, you need to use medications until you manage to control blood pressure. After it normalizes, non-drug treatment of hypertension is ideal. If you manage to identify the underlying cause of hypertension, and then get rid of it, then recovery will occur very quickly. Usually, to normalize blood pressure indicators, patients need to take antihypertensive drugs for 3 more months. Within 3 months, non-drug treatment of hypertension should be carried out. As a rule, it takes about six months to recover.

Many causes of hypertension can be eliminated

Unfortunately, most doctors never identify the real cause of high blood pressure. Reversible (those you can change!) causes of hypertension include:
Overweight (metabolic syndrome). Be sure to start following a weight loss diet and exercise. It is best to exercise outdoors. After all, vitamin D obtained during exposure to the sun also helps reduce blood pressure. Perhaps diet and exercise is the most effective non-drug treatment for hypertension!
Alcohol and caffeine increase blood pressure. For only 2 weeks, give up these drinks, and then measure your blood pressure again. Perhaps, by giving up these drinks, you can already cure hypertension in a non-drug way 🙂
Sleep apnea can be a cause of hypertension. If you are overweight and snore, try to get rid of sleep apnea.
Food allergies can also cause high blood pressure. If your heart rate or body temperature rises regularly after eating a certain type of food, you should be suspicious food allergy. Perhaps it is enough to exclude one product from the diet in order to cure hypertension in a non-drug way.
If you have hypertension, start taking natural remedies along with your medications. Most likely, after 3 months of such a “combined” treatment, you will be able to refuse drug treatment of hypertension.

Natural remedies for non-drug treatment of hypertension

If you are overweight, get rid of it. Diet and exercise is the most effective non-drug treatment for hypertension. The diet should be rich in fiber-rich foods; very little fat and carbohydrates (sugar), reduce your salt intake. The following natural remedies are best for treating hypertension. Take vitamin A, C, and D supplements, as well as magnesium. They have a positive effect on blood vessels, and also normalize metabolic processes in the body. Take 500–1000 mg of calcium daily. The daily amount of potassium is found in 1 banana and 1 glass tomato juice. Potassium removes sodium from the cells of the body (which is important in the treatment of hypertension).

Coenzyme Q10: 200 mg per day is very effective; sometimes, thanks to the use of this natural remedy, it is possible to reduce blood pressure by several tens of mm Hg. Coenzyme Q10 deficiency is especially common in people taking cholesterol-lowering medications.

Dark chocolate lowers blood pressure by only 3-4 mmHg, but it tastes good and is full of healthy antioxidants.
The most important thing in the non-drug treatment of hypertension is the ability to control your thoughts. Even if someone makes you very angry, do not rush to get angry. Our aggression primarily acts against ourselves, and in the blood vessels of people with hypertension, pressure begins to rise. You may appear calm on the outside, but you will have high blood pressure.

Herbs for non-drug treatment of hypertension

It is also useful for non-drug treatment medicinal herbs with proven efficacy in hypertension. Decoction of hawthorn: pour 20 g of dry fruits with 1 cup of boiling water and simmer for 30 minutes over low heat. You need to drink 1 tbsp. 3 times a day. For the treatment of hypertension, you can take a pharmacy tincture of hawthorn: 20-30 drops 3 times a day before meals.

The fruits of chokeberry are very useful for the treatment of hypertension. They can be eaten, decoctions and tinctures are made from them. It is useful to drink chokeberry juice 0.25 cup 2 times a day. The course of treatment is no more than 10 days, and it should be carried out 1 time in 4 months.
So, we have considered the possibilities of non-drug treatment of hypertension. First, get rid of bad habits and start controlling your emotions (learn to forgive and forget, relax). Then find the root cause of hypertension and try to get rid of it. With high blood pressure, do not refuse to take medication, but at the same time begin to be treated with natural remedies. Approximately 3 months later complex treatment you will be able to give up pills and switch completely to non-drug treatment of hypertension. Another 3 months of treatment with natural remedies will normalize blood pressure!

Arterial hypertension is a severe pathology that endangers the life and well-being of the patient. There are many scientific studies on how to treat arterial hypertension, but they all agree on one thing, that it is necessary not only to reduce vascular pressure, but also to influence the body in a complex manner, eliminating and correcting all possible risk factors for the progression of the pathology.

The main goals and types of therapy for arterial hypertension

The main goal of treating patients with maximum reduction the risk of developing complications from the heart and blood vessels, such as heart attack and stroke. This goal is achieved through the following components:

• stabilization of blood pressure at the level of 130/140 and 80/90 mm Hg;
• the impact on all the patient's risk factors for the progression of the disease;
• prevention of damage to "target organs";
• treatment of concomitant pathology of internal organs.

These goals can be achieved only with an integrated approach to treatment using both medicines and not drugs.

Non-drug treatment of arterial hypertension

The treatment of hypertension without the use of drugs is quite effective and is based on the impact on all possible risk factors for the development of cardiovascular complications. This type therapy allows you to supplement traditional treatment, significantly reduces the risk of developing complications of the disease and significantly reduces the number of medications taken.

Non-drug treatment of arterial hypertension is multicomponent and includes:

• reduced salt intake;
• alcohol control;
• physical activity;
• power control;
• weight loss.

Reducing salt intake

The use of salt in doses exceeding 6 grams per day has become a common habit, especially among the urban population. At the same time, salt comes not only from home-cooked food, but often “hidden” in products such as sausages, sauces, semi-finished products.

The largest INTERSALT study, which was conducted in 23 countries, revealed an undeniable relationship between the amount of salt consumed with food and the level of vascular pressure. It turned out that increasing salt in the diet by just one gram leads to an increase in systolic (“upper”) pressure by about 2.12 mm Hg. At the same time, the level of increase in blood pressure was higher precisely in the older groups and amounted to about 4-6 mmHg, which made it possible to state the different effect of increased salt intake on the young and the elderly.

To reduce the level of salt consumed, people with arterial hypertension are recommended:

• do not salt food and do not put the salt shaker on the table;
• exclude sausages, ketchup, mayonnaise, sauces;
• read and analyze food labels for salt content.

The effect of alcohol on vascular pressure

The effect of alcohol on the level of vascular pressure directly depends on its daily dose, the higher the amount of alcohol consumed, the higher the increase in blood pressure.

However, in studies conducted in the 70-80s of the 20th century, it was found that small doses of alcohol may have a hypotensive effect. The basis for this statement was the fact that the lowest pressure was observed precisely in persons who consumed alcohol in small doses, and not in those who did not drink it at all. This paradox is especially pronounced among the female population.

Also, the studies made it possible to establish that blood pressure in those who drink alcohol in small doses, but regularly, is much lower than in those who use it occasionally in large doses, with the same total volume of alcoholic beverages.

Comparison of the dose of alcohol and the likelihood of developing hypertension revealed that the risk of developing hypertension begins to increase from a dosage of 25 grams per day in terms of pure alcohol. It is this dose that increases the risk of developing high blood pressure by 30%.

In connection with the above, WHO and the International Community on Hypertension do not recommend exceeding the daily alcohol dosage of 20-30 grams per day for men and 10-12 grams for women.

The impact of sports on blood pressure

Physical activity has a direct effect on vascular tone and reduces peripheral vascular resistance. It is sport that leads to a decrease in the concentration of norepinephrine in the blood - one of the triggering factors for the development of hypertension.

In addition, regular physical activity:

• cause an increase in the blood of prostaglandin E, which lowers blood pressure;
• stimulates the excretion of sodium in the urine as early as 7 days after the start of training;
• increases the concentration of the amino acid taurine, which directly reduces the synthesis of angiotensin by tissues.
• The maximum effect of training develops at week 7 of training, subject to the following conditions;
• the presence of at least 3 workouts per week, lasting at least half an hour;
• loads should be included in the category of "light" and anaerobic (walking, easy running, Nordic walking, cycling).

On average, with regular exercise, you can reduce blood pressure by about 10 - 11 mm Hg, and reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke by 59%.

Nutrition Features

The most significant for patients with hypertension control in the diet of fat, refined carbohydrates and animal proteins.

Fat, by its nature, is not homogeneous and is divided into several types:

1. unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) contained in vegetable oils, fish and positively affecting the heart;
2. saturated fats (SFA) found in animal products and causing the deposition of cholesterol plaques.

Reducing saturated fat does not affect blood pressure levels, but it significantly reduces the risk of deposits. Excessive consumption of animal protein and fast carbohydrates also significantly affects the increase in pressure. The addition of soy and egg protein to the diet, on the contrary, leads to a gradual decrease in blood pressure by about 5.9 mm Hg.

Excess weight

Overweight, or obesity, is considered one of the significant risk factors for the development of pathology. of cardio-vascular system, which is proven by the two largest medical studies Nurses' Health Study and Health Professional Study.

Excess weight leads to an increase in the level of extracellular fluid in the body, an increase in the load on the heart and an increase in the synthesis of norepinephrine, which triggers a cascade of reactions leading to hypertension.

Analysis of the results showed that a decrease in body weight for every 1 kg causes a decrease in vascular pressure by about 1 mm Hg. Also, with initially high normal blood pressure, weight loss by 3-4 kg is a proven remedy. primary prevention and allows a 13.5% reduction in the risk of developing hypertension.

That is why, in order to better control the level of pressure and reduce the amount of drugs used, patients with obesity and hypertension are strongly recommended to control weight and gradually reduce it by reducing the consumption of sugary and fatty foods.

How to treat arterial hypertension with medication

Drug treatment is prescribed for all patients with hypertension and may include drugs from the following groups:

• ACE inhibitors (drugs that block the synthesis of angiotensin from renin);
• angiotensin receptor blockers, or sartans (drugs that block specific receptors, which are the point of application of the hormone);
• B-blockers (substances that reduce the sensitivity of receptors to adrenaline and norepinephrine);
• calcium antagonists (drugs that dilate blood vessels by relaxing the muscle bundles that make up its composition);
• diuretics.

These drugs are prescribed both separately and in combination with each other. WHO has specially developed recommendations on rational and non-rational combinations of antihypertensive drugs. For example, the use of B-blockers simultaneously with non-dehydropyridine calcium antagonists (verapamil and diltiazem) is strictly prohibited. Taking them at the same time can lead to cardiac arrest.

The selection of the drug and its dose is made directly by the attending physician and depends on the age of the patient, the level of his heart rate and pressure, as well as the presence of concomitant pathology. As a rule, the achievement of optimal pressure occurs gradually by 3-4 weeks of treatment.

Hypertension occurs in every fourth person on the planet. In the first stages of development, it is easily treatable, which cannot be said about chronic forms diseases. If the necessary measures are taken in time at the first symptoms, when there are no lesions of the heart, kidneys, eyes or brain, then the pressure can be normalized without medication.

Non-drug treatment of hypertension involves the restructuring of the body in connection with a change in the quality of life.

This is a whole range of activities, which includes: giving up bad habits, an active lifestyle, proper nutrition, useful vitamins, daily prevention.

Management of patients with high blood pressure

Treatment at home

The main condition for the proper functioning of the cardiovascular system is the rejection of bad habits. The patient must definitely quit smoking and drinking alcohol, so as not to cause even more harm to the heart and kidneys.

The second important factor is to normalize the daily routine. Go to bed at the same time and sleep at least 7 hours. Refuse overtime work and find time to rest during the day.

Another enemy of hypertension is. You can get rid of it with the help of self-hypnosis, auto-training and a psychologist. Leisurely walks in the fresh air, communication with loved ones and healthy sleep will help.

Therapeutic diet

Proper nutrition will help normalize body weight, reduce pressure on the arteries, reduce swelling and improve metabolism.

The daily menu should take into account the following rules:

1. reducing the salt content in prepared meals;
2. inclusion in the diet of diuretic products;
3. consumption of up to 1.5-2 liters of water per day;
4. exclusion from the menu of products that increase pressure;
5. reduced consumption of meat and junk food.

It is important to give up salty foods, as sodium prevents the removal of fluid from the body and provokes swelling. In addition, because of this, pressure on the arteries increases, thereby increasing the load on the main motor in the body.

You don't have to cut out salt completely!

It is enough to reduce its consumption to 3-4 grams per day, taking into account it in finished products.

A mandatory item in the daily diet of a patient with hypertension should be fresh vegetables and fruits that have a diuretic effect, as well as parsley. You can include freshly squeezed juices rich in vitamins, herbal teas and clean water in your diet.

Physical activity in hypertension

Sport will help to strengthen the health and tone of blood vessels.

As a non-drug treatment, it is better to choose:

• yoga
• breathing exercises;
• cycling;
• classes in the pool;

The main thing is not to overexert yourself so as not to aggravate the situation. It is important that the workouts are dosed! It is better to start with yoga and proper breathing, allowing you to calm nervous system, normalize the pulse and keep the body in good shape.

Decoctions and infusions from pressure

Phytotherapy will help prevent hypertension without pills. Decoctions of herbs help to alleviate the condition of the body, reduce pressure and even defeat the disease.

1. Rosehip decoction. 2 large spoons of dried fruits in 2 cups of boiling water, wait 20 minutes and drink like tea. Half a glass is better - in the morning and in the evening.
2. Pomegranate Peel Tea. Pour boiling water over the crushed peel in any proportions, leave for 15-20 minutes and take up to 5 times a day.
3. A decoction of valerian root. 2 large spoons of finely chopped or powdered root for 2 cups of boiling water. Take half a glass before bed every day.
4. Green tea with chamomile, St. John's wort or mint.
5. Decoction of hawthorn. 2 large spoons of the plant in 2 glasses of water, take 100 ml after meals.

All these funds should be taken in courses to achieve a positive effect. Treatment lasts 3-4 weeks, with a break of 1 month. Do not exceed the recommended norms, as plants can cause allergies, and a violation of the course can lead to failure of various organs.

Useful folk recipes for pressure

After consultation with a cardiologist, you can contact folk medicine, which has recipes for decoctions and tinctures for all occasions.

From hypertension use the following recipes:

1. Dissolve 1 large spoonful of honey in a glass mineral water and add 2 large spoons lemon juice. For two weeks, this solution must be drunk in the morning on an empty stomach. The remedy will help get rid of insomnia, relieve excitability and help lower blood pressure.
2. At mild stage cranberry will help hypertension. 2 glasses of berries must be ground with 3 large spoons of granulated sugar or powdered sugar. This mixture should be eaten whole one hour before meals.
3. Beetroot juice is famous for its ability to lower blood pressure. For 4 glasses of juice, you need to take 4 glasses of liquid honey, 1 swamp dried grass and 500 ml of vodka. Combine all ingredients and insist for 10 days under a lid in a cool place. After that, strain the infusion and take 1 large spoon 30 minutes before each meal 3 times a day.
4. Juice onion also helps prevent symptoms of hypertension. You need to squeeze the juice from 3 kg of vegetable, mix it with 500 g of liquid honey, 25 g of crushed walnuts and 500 ml of vodka. The remedy should be infused for 10 days, then take 1 large spoon 3 times a day, regardless of the meal.
5. Herbs and flowers of St. John's wort, chamomile, immortelle and birch buds are actively used in folk medicine. 100 g of each component must be ground in a coffee grinder and stored in a glass jar with a lid. In the evening before going to bed, you need to prepare an infusion of 1 large spoon of grass and half a liter of boiling water. It is necessary to insist 20 minutes, after which the mixture is filtered. In the evening, take half of the received funds with 1 small spoon of honey, in the morning - warm up the rest and also take 20 minutes before breakfast.

Folk methods should be used only with the permission of the attending physician, since a manifestation is not excluded allergic reaction or deterioration in health.

Prevention

Timely precautions taken will help prevent the development of hypertension, as well as support the body after drug treatment.

In order to prevent it is necessary:

1. Limit business trips and night shifts. Go to bed on time and rest during the day.
2. Eat well, include fish, grains, vegetables, lean meats and fruits in your diet, and reduce your salt intake.
3. Lead a mobile lifestyle, do yoga and breathing exercises, walk more in the fresh air.
4. Give up bad habits, especially smoking, as it increases the risk of developing coronary disease.
5. Try to avoid unnecessary stress and anxiety.