Stomatitis. Viral stomatitis

Today this disease patients of all ages are affected. Bacterial stomatitis is expressed in the presence of inflammation of the oral mucosa.

This area is affected by opportunistic bacteria - staphylococci and streptococci. That is why it is enough for harmful bacteria to get inside microscopic wounds or cracks in the mucous membrane to cause this disease.

Since bactericidal microorganisms are widely distributed in environment, stomatitis lesions are recorded quite often.

Reasons for development

The main factor in the occurrence of the disease is non-compliance with the rules of oral hygiene, which leads to the drying of the mucosa and a decrease in the volume of saliva. This can be facilitated by poor-quality hygiene products or certain medicines.

It is necessary to monitor not only the regularity of compliance with the rules of hygiene, but also the quality of the toothbrush and paste.

Provoke bacterial stomatitis can even diseases such as tonsillitis, bronchitis, otitis media and simple acute respiratory infections.

Often the disease develops as a result of mechanical, thermal or chemical injury to the oral mucosa, which occurs as a result of:

• accidental biting of the cheek or lip;
• gum burns from food, drink, or chemicals;
• the use of solid foods;
• destruction of teeth, dentures or fillings.

Babies are susceptible to this disease during the period. Their weak immunity and immature salivation system also affect.

Since it is enough to carefully examine the mucous membrane to diagnose the disease, if redness or wounds are found, you should immediately consult a specialist.

Bacterial stomatitis. Symptoms:

• occurrence pain when eating acidic or spicy foods;
• fever, weakness and malaise;
• the formation of small ulcers;
• the appearance of the inside of the cheek;
• sharp;
• puffiness and;
• refusal of food in children;
• increased salivation.

Features of the treatment of children

If bacterial stomatitis is detected in children, treatment should begin with drinking plenty of water.to ensure the fastest removal of toxins from the body.

Water, juice, herbal tea or compote will do.

Carbonated water or drink is prohibited.

It is also necessary to eliminate pain in the mucosa. For this, choline salicylate or lidocaine is usually used.

In the first days of the disease, it is imperative to rinse the mouth every two hours with a two percent solution of baking soda (in newborns, cleansing oral cavity carried out with the help of a can, laying the baby on its side before) - this will remove plaque and food debris.

Very good help in the treatment of bacterial stomatitis in children antifungal drugs nystanin and levorin.

Since the drugs are poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, it is recommended to dissolve them. The approximate course of therapy is two weeks.

If the disease has a weak form, antifungal ointments can be dispensed with: decamin, levorin and nystatin.

For children over six years old, decalin lozenges can be used.

It is also worth including in the treatment of taking multivitamins and antihistamines. In addition, it is recommended to irrigate the child's oral cavity with antiseptics every three hours: furacilin solution, hydrogen peroxide or rivanol.

If signs of intoxication of the body are detected (pallor, fever, chills, etc.) should immediately give the child antipyretic drugs and drink plenty of fluids. If intoxication becomes more severe, treatment should be carried out in a hospital.

Regular observance of hygiene rules will save you from stomatitis.

Treatment of bacterial stomatitis in adults

Basically, in the treatment of stomatitis in adults, antibiotics are used: ampiox, gentamicin and linkamycin.

To speed up the healing of wounds, the most commonly prescribed:

• spray Geksoral or Kameton;
• lollipops Eucalyptus M;
• mouthwashes;
• gel or.

For a speedy recovery, adults need to stop drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes.

Semi-finished products and fast food should be excluded from the daily diet.

Prevention:

1. General strengthening of immunity;
2. Compliance with oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist;
3. It is necessary to wipe children's toys as often as possible. The pacifier is recommended to be changed every month;
4. The use of natural products that do not cause allergies;
5. Use of high quality toothpaste;
6. Rejection of bad habits.

Useful video

About how to recognize and how to treat stomatitis in a child, says Dr. Komarovsky:

types of this inflammatory disease. In this article, you will learn about bacterial stomatitis and its types, as well as the causes, symptoms, and treatment.

What is bacterial stomatitis

Bacterial (traumatic) stomatitis- This is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and tongue, which occurs due to the entry of bacteria into wounds and cracks in the oral cavity. Most often, stomatitis is caused by staphylococci and streptococci, which can be found everywhere. That is why bacterial stomatitis most often affects children.

Bacteria are present not only in the outside world, but also in the body. During illness, they begin to develop faster. In addition, if the teeth are affected by caries or other dental disease, then with the slightest injury to the mucous membrane, bacteria get there and begin to actively multiply.

In some patients, the duration of traumatic stomatitis lasts several days, but if treatment is started, then stomatitis can take a necrosis form. There are hundreds of names of bacteria that live in the oral cavity, so the disease can occur for many reasons.

Causes

1. Mechanical injuries of the oral cavity. Such injuries are very easy to get, since no one is safe from a burn with a hot drink, you can bite your cheek while eating or scratch the mucous membrane with crackers or chips.
2. Poor oral hygiene. With insufficient hygiene, bacteria and microorganisms in the oral cavity multiply more actively. And when there is an injury, it causes inflammation.
3. Presence of cavities. In addition, stomatitis can form during dental treatment if the dentist has violated the rules of antiseptics.
4. Infection in the oral cavity from the outside world. For example, when licking foreign objects, in the presence of herpes in the corners of the mouth, with a kiss, and much more.
5. Availability chronic diseases or temporary weakening of the immune system. At colds bacterial stomatitis is much more common.

Types of bacterial stomatitis

The degree of mucosal damage determines the type of traumatic stomatitis. Dentists have identified two types.

Surface or catarrhal. On examination, the doctor pays attention to a white coating on the tongue and bleeding gums, as well as redness. If this form of bacterial stomatitis is not treated, then it will turn into a more severe form.

Deep or ulcerative necrotic. In this form, sores appear with a gray coating on the surface, which increase over time, and the surrounding tissues begin to die. This type treatment is difficult and takes much longer.

Symptoms of bacterial stomatitis

Regardless of the type of traumatic stomatitis, the symptoms are the same. The only difference is the appearance of deep sores with a deep form.

At the initial stage, with bacterial stomatitis, pain appears during eating and when talking. The pain is aggravated by the use of sour and spicy. Then the mucous membrane of the oral cavity acquires a red tint, in some places it appears slight swelling. After a couple of days, the patient feels itching, burning and strong smell from mouth.

If untreated, the gums become inflamed and look loose. Then there is bleeding. Pain is exacerbated, especially when brushing your teeth.

Often there are general symptoms: weakness, fever, lack of appetite, headache, inflammation of the lymph nodes, tonsils and nasopharynx.

At the first signs of stomatitis, it is necessary to contact a dentist as soon as possible for treatment. If you start bacterial stomatitis, then with the development of a deep form, treatment will take more time, effort and money.

Bacterial stomatitis in children occurs more often. It is especially common in children from 0 to 3 years old. During infancy, bacteria and viruses can enter the mouth through the mother's milk and breasts. Also, in babies, the immune system is just beginning to form, which means that it is much more difficult to fight the infection. Symptoms of stomatitis in children are more pronounced and they tolerate the disease heavily.

Traumatic stomatitis in adults is not so common, and occurs mainly as a result of mechanical injuries and in the presence of caries. Treatment of stomatitis in adults passes without complications.

Treatment of bacterial stomatitis

Treatment of viral stomatitis should be under the supervision of a physician. To assign effective treatment, the dentist determines the causative bacterium in order to prescribe the right medicine.

It is very important to visit the dentist on time, especially when it comes to a child. If parents notice a scratch in the mouth or redness in the baby, then to prevent bacterial stomatitis, you should immediately visit dental clinic. The doctor will examine the oral cavity, take the material for analysis and immediately prescribe the necessary drugs.

In the treatment of traumatic stomatitis, several groups of drugs are prescribed.

1. Antiseptics prescribed at the initial stage of the disease. These drugs are external and applied to the inflamed areas. Many drugs in this group also have an analgesic effect. If the inflammation disappears in a few days, then the doctor prescribes an ointment with a healing effect. In addition, decoctions of herbs with anti-inflammatory action are excellent.
2. Antibiotics are prescribed for deep bacterial stomatitis, when ulcers appear, and if the infection developed due to other diseases. In this case, the doctor prescribes canacimin, penicillin, gentacimin and lincomycin. Treatment with antibiotics is combined with treatment with antiseptics and anti-inflammatory drugs.
3. Vitamins and preparations to increase immunity. These funds are prescribed to maintain general condition organism. In addition, these drugs act as a preventive action to prevent recurrence of bacterial stomatitis.

During treatment, you must follow a diet. You need to compose your daily diet in such a way that the products contain as few carbohydrates as possible and as many microelements and vitamins as possible.

Note that with the development of necrosis of the soft tissues of the oral cavity, surgical intervention will be required. The operation is aimed at removing dead tissue so that the disease does not spread to healthy tissue.

According to the definition, stomatitis refers to bacterial or other damage to the epithelial tissues of the oral mucosa. The most common localization of the pathological process is the cheeks, tongue, gums and lips. Speaking of bacterial stomatitis, they mean not so much the type of disease in adults and children as the source of the problem. Not always stomatic lesion has an infectious character. Pathology can have a candidal (fungal), allergic nature. However, bacterial stomatitis is the most common (about 80% of clinical cases). What do you need to know about this difficult pathology?

Varieties of the disease

1. Aphthous stomatitis. It is a lesion of the epithelial tissues of the oral cavity with the involvement of the outer layers of the mucous membrane in the process. In the course of the disease-causing process, one or many painful ulcerative defects, the so-called. aft. They have a whitish or yellowish tint and quickly pass on their own. The aphthous form is considered the easiest to cure.
2. catarrhal form. More complex. It consists in the development of redness and swelling of the mucous membranes. The outer layer of the epithelial tissues of the oral cavity becomes inflamed. In this case, ulcers are not observed.
3. Ulcerative variety. It is an "evolution" of catarrhal stomatitis. During the pathogenic process, a purulent-necrotic change in the epithelium is noted with the formation of painful scarring foci of tissue decay. This is an extremely painful type of disease.

The most common causative agents of pathology are: Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic staphylococci, green streptococci, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and other microorganisms. These bacteria are characterized by high aggressiveness and ability to infect (virulence). There are other bacteria that cause stomatitis.

Causes of stomatitis of the specified type

Bacterial stomatitis in both an adult and a child develops as a result of a combination of the following reasons:

1. First of all, poor oral hygiene. According to the recommendations that were developed by dentists back in the distant 50s of the last century, it is necessary to brush your teeth 2-3 times a day. Additionally, doctors advised using toothpicks and dental floss to clean hard-to-reach places. With insufficient oral hygiene, active growth and reproduction of bacterial pathogens is observed. The remains of food, together with saliva, are ideal conditions for a violent growth in the number of representatives of pathogenic microflora.
2. Decreased focal immunity. As a rule, the infectious pathogens described are present in the mouth of almost any person. This is a normal phenomenon; in a healthy person, the pathogenic flora is in a suppressed state and does not cause any discomfort. The body's defense system does not allow her to roam. With a weakened immune system, stomatitis begins. It is impossible to predict in advance in what form it will “flare up”.
3. Permanent or single injury to the oral mucosa. Through microcracks and injuries, microorganisms penetrate into the thickness of epithelial tissues. In the presence of concomitant diseases, such as gingivitis or periodontitis, even efforts on the part of a person are not required, wounds appear spontaneously when eating, etc.

In addition to these three reasons, there are factors that increase the risk of developing an oral lesion of this type.

1. Smoking. Causes the development of cracks in the area of ​​the mucous membranes, reduces the production of saliva and forms painful burns in the oral cavity, reducing local immunity.
2. Excessive oral hygiene. No less dangerous than its disadvantage. It entails drying of the mucosa, its cracking and the formation of many microtraumas. Causes the rapid formation of dental lesions.
3. Alcohol abuse.
4. The presence of concomitant pathologies of the throat and nasopharynx. Almost always, pathologies of the nasopharynx and throat develop as a result of an infectious lesion. In almost 100% of cases, such diseases become chronic, becoming sources of bacterial spread, a kind of “hotbeds”. Close proximity to the oral mucosa does not bode well for the patient.

According to statistics, a child is twice as likely to develop infectious stomatitis as an adult patient. This is due to the peculiarities of oral hygiene and hygiene in general. All three factors are much more common in younger patients. Hence the increased risk for this category of the population.

Typical Symptoms

Symptoms depend on the type of disease.

aphthous form

The incubation period lasts from 3 to 21 days. The first symptoms may make themselves felt even earlier. On the cheeks, tongue, mucous membrane of the lips, painful and extremely uncomfortable for the patient ulcerative defects are formed - aphthae, ranging in size from 1 to 10 mm and even more. Differ in a dome-shaped structure, not filled with exudate, firm to the touch. They are white to slightly yellow in color. Motionless. After 3-8 days, they resolve on their own without the formation of a scar typical of a herpetic lesion (herpes can also cause stomatitis, but the course and clinical picture are identical in all cases).

In severe cases, the development of persistent hyperthermia at the level of subfebrile numbers (37.5-38 degrees Celsius) is possible. This is an unfavorable sign, testifying in favor of the aggressiveness of the course of the process.

catarrhal form

In this case, aphthae are not formed. However, from the very first days the temperature rises. The main sign of catarrhal stomatitis is hyperemia (significant redness) of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity. The patient experiences intense burning, pain, discomfort (feeling of a foreign object in the mouth). The lesion can be either generalized (covering the entire oral cavity) or focal, with a predominant effect on the cheeks, tongue, lips, etc. This disease is extremely important to treat in a timely manner. Chronization leads pathology to evolution.

An extreme form of the development of the disease. It is characterized by regular hyperthermia, chronic course with constant relapses. A purulent-necrotic lesion of epithelial tissues develops with their subsequent disintegration. This happens due to the penetration of bacterial flora into the deep layers of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity. This is the most complex form of stomatitis, for the most part requiring inpatient treatment under the supervision of doctors. It is characterized by intense, excruciating pain in the area of ​​destruction, the inability to speak normally (articulation disorders), and eat. Hyperemia of the mucous membranes is replaced by the deposition of serous plaque (necrotic discharge).

Summing up, we can say that bacterial stomatitis is characterized by the following symptoms:

• the formation of lesions of the mucous membranes;
• hyperthermia;
• pain syndrome;
• discomfort in the oral cavity;
• burning and itching.

Diagnostic measures

Diagnosis of bacterial stomatitis is the prerogative of a dentist. You may need to consult an otolaryngologist if there is additional secondary damage to the throat. During the initial appointment, the doctor interviews the patient, collects an anamnesis, and conducts a visual assessment of the state of the oral cavity. As a rule, the diagnosis is not difficult. However, in order to accurately talk about the bacterial form of the disease, a smear and bacterial inoculation of the biomaterial on nutrient media is required. So you can isolate the pathogen and determine its sensitivity to drugs of antibacterial groups.

Additionally, blood tests, urine tests, and venous blood biochemistry may be required to detect signs of chronic inflammation.

Treatment

Treatment for adults and children is the same. Therapy is aimed at solving spirit problems. First of all, to eliminate the bacterial pathogen, causing stomatitis. Secondly, to relieve the productive symptoms of stomatitis in order to improve the patient's quality of life.

Medical treatment, with the use of drugs of several groups:

Bacterial stomatitis - dangerous disease interfering with normal life and threatening health. That is why it is so important to get treated on time. For appointments, you need to contact a dentist. Otherwise, the effect may be unpredictable. With a high degree of probability, it will only get worse, the disease will go into a chronic stage.

The human oral cavity and nose are the entry gates for infection. There are many microorganisms in the mouth (fungi, bacteria, opportunistic microbes). If the microflora is disturbed or an infection occurs, an inflammatory reaction occurs, which can lead to bacterial stomatitis. The disease is not difficult to treat, the main thing is to know which medicines to use.

Bacterial stomatitis is a disease that occurs when a new microbe enters the oral cavity or when the ratio of opportunistic microflora is disturbed. In the latter case, there is an active growth of staphylococci and streptococci, which are present in healthy people on the skin and mucous membranes in small amounts. For the appearance of inflammation, damage to the mucous membrane is necessary. Even a small crack can lead to the appearance of an infectious focus.

Most often, bacterial stomatitis affects infants and children attending kindergarten. Infant immunity at birth has only antibodies that it received from the mother through the placenta, so when an infection occurs, stomatitis quickly develops. After visiting the kindergarten, the child's immunity is attacked daily by new microorganisms that are constantly mutating. If the baby has never had stomatitis before this time, in kindergarten he may appear.

Dmitry Sidorov

Dentist-orthopedist

Note! happens rarely. Most often occurs with a decrease in immune function or immunodeficiencies.

Causes of the development of the disease and methods of infection

The cause of the disease is most often staphylococci and streptococci. But an inflammatory focus can be caused by any other pathogenic microorganism, which has become too much in the mouth, for example, spirochetes.

The risk group includes the following people:

• babies;
• children of kindergarten age;
• adults with compromised immune function.

Methods of infection depend on the type of pathogen. He can be:

• contact-household (when using the same towels, cutlery, toys);
• when carrying out somatological, surgical, therapeutic manipulations in the oral cavity (appointment with a dentist, examination of the oral cavity by a therapist, removal of tonsils) using non-sterile instruments.

The cause of the disease may be chronic infections oral cavity and organs located in it (rhinitis, adenoiditis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis,). These formations are a permanent focus of infection. With the appearance of minor injuries, cracks, scratches, bites, bacteria move to the wound and begin to actively multiply in it.

There are diseases salivary glands, which lead to a change in the enzyme composition of saliva or hyposalivation (decrease in the production of biological fluid, which has protective functions against pathogenic microorganisms). This leads to a violation of the microflora of the oral cavity, the active division of pathogenic microorganisms.

Dmitry Sidorov

Dentist-orthopedist

Note! If hygiene rules are not followed, a lot of germs appear in the mouth. This condition occurs with little or no brushing time.

If a person has a systemic disease of any organ, immunity decreases, the patient's condition worsens. This leads to the formation of sores in the mouth. With immunodeficiencies, stomatitis always occurs. It does not respond to treatment or occurs immediately after cessation of therapy.

Types of bacterial stomatitis

Bacterial stomatitis is divided into several types, each of them differs in symptoms and place of distribution.

Table of types of bacterial stomatitis.

View	Description
Impetiginous	Appears in children from birth to three years. The causative agent is streptococcus with the addition of staphylococcus aureus. The main place of localization is the gum. Wounds appear first, then sores, which can turn into erosion if left untreated. The formations are covered with plaque, inside them the liquid is white or yellowish. With mechanical damage to the wound, the gums begin to bleed.
erysipelatous	People with immunodeficiency suffer from the disease or after infection during medical manipulations. The causative agent is streptococcus. The place of localization of inflammation is any surface of the oral cavity (cheeks, tongue, inner part of the lips, gums). First, inflammation appears with swelling and redness of the mucous membrane, then fluid with purulent discharge accumulates under it. A gray coating forms on top of the bubble. The disease is often accompanied by a rise in body temperature. The condition requires immediate therapy, since if the focus is damaged, the pus will get inside the vessels and cause sepsis (bacterial infection of the blood).
Bumps in the corners of the lips	Often occurs in young children or immunocompromised individuals. The reason is a staphylococcal infection. Inflammation is localized in the corners of the lips, at first they turn red, then crust over and peel off. During eating or talking, painful areas crack, wounds form with bleeding.

Symptoms of bacterial stomatitis

Signs of bacterial stomatitis depend on the age and immune status of the patient. Common symptoms include:

• the appearance of edema, inflammation, vesicles, sores, wounds that are visible to the naked eye;
• pain in the oral cavity, at the site of the pathological formation and around it, which increases during meals;
• hypersalivation (increased salivation);
• the appearance of putrefactive or bad breath;
• enlargement of the lymph nodes, which are determined by palpation (palpation).

If the human immune system is weakened, the disease is always accompanied by a rise in body temperature. Constant bleeding from the gums begins, their atrophy gradually occurs. The infection spreads deep respiratory system, causing purulent tonsillitis, tracheitis, bronchitis.

Dmitry Sidorov

Dentist-orthopedist

Important! If a patient with bacterial stomatitis is not treated, ulcers spread to the sky, which leads to a decrease in the amount of mucous membrane, bone exposure, infection in the blood.

How to treat bacterial stomatitis?

Treatment of bacterial stomatitis in adults and children is carried out using medications and traditional medicine, which includes rinsing the mouth with solutions and infusions.

During therapy, you must adhere to the following rules:

• do not eat food that will cause sharp pain inside the wound (spicy, salty, hot foods);
• constant brushing of the teeth and rinsing the mouth after eating;
• the use of symptomatic therapy, that is, antipyretics with an increase in body temperature, painkillers for unbearable pain (remedies are limited for children);
• vitamin therapy;
• drinking plenty of water throughout the day, even if you are not thirsty.

Dmitry Sidorov

Dentist-orthopedist

Important! After the completion of the treatment of bacterial stomatitis in children and adults and the complete disappearance of the disease, all personal hygiene items must be changed or sterilized, especially toothbrushes.

Medical treatment

Bacterial stomatitis is caused by an infection. Therefore, antibacterial drugs are most often used. Your doctor may prescribe a broad-spectrum drug. If such therapy does not help, an analysis is carried out to determine the pathogenic microorganism and its sensitivity to antimicrobials. The disadvantage of the study is that it is done for a very long time (about a week). During this time, the patient's condition may worsen.

Additionally, dental gels (Cholisal, Metrogil-Dent) are prescribed, which relieve swelling, inflammation, pain, and destroy microbes.

From medical preparations use antiseptic rinses. For example, furatsilin. If it does not help, chlorhexidine or hydrogen peroxide can be added to it. Rinsing reduces the risk of infection spreading through the mouth.

Irrigation with miramistin is used. It can also be added to rinse solutions.

Alternative treatment

As folk remedies salt rinses are used. It helps to reduce swelling, due to the release of fluid from the bubbles and lesions. You can add baking soda to salt. It has an antiseptic effect.

Plant juice is used to soothe the mucosa, relieve swelling and inflammation. Aloe is good for this.

Garlic, which is added to dishes, has a bactericidal effect. It should be used often, it helps to improve the body's resistance to the action of pathogenic agents.

Vitamin therapy helps. It is carried out through the use of vegetables and fruits rich in useful complexes. You can make juices (apple, carrot).

Dmitry Sidorov

Dentist-orthopedist

Disease prevention

To prevent the disease, drugs that strengthen the immune system are used, these include:

• hardening (children can swim in cool water, visit the pool, walk barefoot at home);
• taking drugs with vitamins according to the season (autumn, spring);
• carrying out vaccinations;
• timely treatment of all diseases, preventing their transition into a chronic form.

In custody

Bacterial stomatitis is a common disease. With timely treatment, the infection passes quickly. The main thing is to prevent the spread of inflammation to neighboring organs or sepsis. The last state is life-threatening. To find out how to treat a disease, in what dosages to use drugs, consult a doctor. Self-medication will lead to a deterioration in health.

Stomatitis- a general term for all inflammatory processes on the oral mucosa. The process can spread to the mucous membrane of the tongue, palate, lips, cheeks. If the lesions are located in a limited area, then the disease may have other names:

• glossitis(inflammation in the tongue)
• palantitis(inflammation in the palate)
• gingivitis(inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gums)

Types of stomatitis depending on the duration of the course

Chronic stomatitis lasts a long time, is difficult to treat. In place of the old foci of inflammation, new ones constantly appear, dystrophy of the mucous membrane develops.

Types of chronic stomatitis

• Recurrent stomatitis. After some foci of inflammation on the mucous membrane pass, new ones appear in their place. Such relapses are noted constantly, for a long time. The disease usually proceeds in waves, with periods of exacerbations and improvement.


• Leukoplakia. A change in the oral mucosa, which occurs as a result of the chronic course of stomatitis and manifests itself in the form of keratinization foci.

Types of stomatitis depending on the elements that appear on the mucous membrane

Types of stomatitis depending on the cause

Traumatic stomatitis

The most common causes of traumatic stomatitis:

• sharp edges of teeth and their fragments, large carious cavities;
• wearing incorrectly installed crowns and prostheses, braces;
• chemical and thermal burns of the mucous membrane;
• the habit of constantly biting cheeks and lips;
• violations of the bite and shape of the teeth, leading to injury to the mucous membrane;
• thermal and chemical effects when eating too cold, hot, spicy food;
• constant and frequent consumption of solid foods that can damage the mucous membrane: gnawing seeds and nuts;
• smoking: irritation of the mucous membrane with tobacco smoke;
• traumatic stomatitis often develops in young children who put everything in their mouths.

In acute single injury, the disease most often occurs as catarrhal stomatitis. All symptoms pass quickly, within a few days. There is redness and swelling, soreness of the mucous membrane. Then they may appear erosion- superficial mucosal defects.

If the traumatic effect on the mucous membrane was short-lived, then stomatitis is often pumped by spontaneous recovery.

With prolonged injuries, an infectious process joins the irritation of the mucous membrane. The disease becomes chronic course, accompanied by more pronounced symptoms, a violation of general well-being.

Chronic aphthous stomatitis

The alleged causes of the development of chronic aphthous stomatitis:

• adenoviruses(one of the types of viruses that cause acute respiratory infections)
• staphylococci from a special group - this theory considers the bacterial nature of the disease
• autoimmune reactions - pathological response of the immune system to foreign bodies that enter the oral cavity and come into contact with the mucous membrane
• immune disorders: it is believed that relapses of chronic aphthous stomatitis are associated with the weakening of certain links immune system

Symptoms of chronic aphthous stomatitis

First, a red spot appears on the mucous membrane. It has a round or oval shape, about 1 cm in diameter. Within a few hours, edema forms at this site, and the spot rises above the surface of the mucous membrane. Then erosion occurs, which is covered with a gray fibrin coating. This is called aphtha.

To the touch, aphthae are soft and painful. If death occurs a large number cells of the mucous membrane, then a pronounced infiltrate (seal) appears under the aphthae. Necrotic Masses(dead tissue) are on the surface of the aphtha in the form of a thick gray coating. Under it is an erosion or ulcer.

Sometimes chronic aphthous stomatitis is accompanied lymphadenitis- inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes. Rarely there is an increase in temperature.

After 2 - 3 days from the moment of occurrence of aphthae, all necrotic masses are rejected. After another 2-4 days, complete healing occurs.

Variants of the course of chronic aphthous stomatitis:

• the simultaneous appearance of a large number of aphthae, after which they heal
• aphthae appear within a few weeks paroxysmal: some elements disappear, after which others appear in their place
• aphthas appear one by one

Candidal stomatitis

Causes of infection with the fungus Candida albicans:

• Reduced immunity in severe and frequent infectious pathologies, blood diseases, malignant tumors, AIDS. In people with normal immunity, fungal infections develop extremely rarely.
• Infant age. The immunity of an ore child is weak and not fully developed.
• Elderly age. In old age, a natural extinction of immune forces occurs, giving rise to the development of a large number of infections.
• HIV. it viral disease accompanied by a strong decrease in the body's defenses. Candidiasis stomatitis is detected in 90% of patients with human immunodeficiency virus at the stage of AIDS.
• Diabetes. High blood glucose creates favorable conditions for the reproduction of fungi of the genus Candida.
• Dry mouth. Most often develops as a result of improper use various means for rinsing the mouth.
• Pregnancy. In pregnant women, the risk of developing candidal stomatitis is increased due to hormonal changes in the body.
• Wearing dentures, non-compliance with the rules of oral hygiene.
• Taking powerful antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs kill most of the bacteria that are natural competitors to Candida.
• Taking glucocorticoid sprays. Glucocorticoids are hormonal drugs, one of the effects of which is immune suppression. They are used as a spray bronchial asthma. Partially entering the oral cavity, glucocorticoids inhibit local defense reactions and promote the growth of fungi.

Acute candidal stomatitis manifests itself in the form of a white plaque that covers the entire mucous membrane of the oral cavity. It is easy to detect during direct inspection. Plaque is easily removed with a cotton or gauze swab. Under it is an inflamed mucous membrane (red, swollen). Many patients with candidal stomatitis note pain, discomfort during meals. If a child has a disease, he becomes whiny, irritable.

Chronic candidal stomatitis is accompanied by burning sensation in the mouth and throat, difficulty swallowing. With a significant decrease in immunity, a fungal infection spreads to the larynx, pharynx, esophagus.

Herpetic stomatitis

Herpetic, or herpesvirus stomatitis can occur in two forms: acute and chronic.

Ill stages and I:

• incubation: the virus enters the body and begins to multiply in it, while there are no symptoms yet;
• prodromal: the initial stage, when the mucous membrane of the oral cavity is already developing inflammatory process, but it is weakly expressed, there are no rashes;
• rash stage- characteristic elements appear on the mucous membrane;
• healing stage, when the rash disappears, the mucous membrane is restored;
• convalescence stage, or recovery.

1. Light degree. Characteristic elements appear on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, but they are not accompanied by general disorders in the body.
2. Moderate severity. Manifestations in the oral cavity are accompanied by a violation of the general condition of the patient.
3. Severe degree characterized by severe symptoms.

First, herpetic stomatitis proceeds in a catarrhal form (see above). Then characteristic vesicles appear on the mucous membrane, which then leave erosion aphthae in their place. In severe cases of the disease, ulcers can form on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.

General symptoms of herpetic stomatitis:

• increase in body temperature: depending on the severity of the disease, it can be subfebrile (no more than 37⁰C) or very high
• general malaise
• headache
• nausea and vomiting
• appetite and sleep disorders

Chronic herpesvirus stomatitis

Symptoms of vesicular stomatitis

The first symptoms of the disease occur 5-6 days after infection with the virus. At first, the patient is concerned about fever, chills, general malaise, weakness, headaches. Sometimes there are sore throats, runny nose, muscle pain. Therefore, at first, the course of the disease resembles a cold.
Then small painful blisters appear on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. Inside them is a clear watery liquid. They open up and heal completely within a few days.

Enteroviral stomatitis

Symptoms of enteroviral stomatitis

The symptoms of the disease are quite characteristic and have received the figurative name "mouth-hand-foot". Characteristic rashes in the form of painful vesicles are found on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, hands, feet. Often, patients are concerned about fever and other symptoms of a violation of general well-being.

Other viral stomatitis

Bacterial stomatitis (staphylococcal and streptococcal)

Factors contributing to the occurrence of streptococcal and staphylococcal stomatitis:

• injury to the oral mucosa: small scratches, wounds, cuts, etc.;
• carious cavities in the teeth;
• purulent process in gum pockets;
• violation of the rules of asepsis and antisepsis during dental procedures and surgical interventions;
• a significant decrease in immunity.

Bacterial stomatitis may have varying degrees gravity. Sometimes they represent only a superficial inflammation of the mucous membrane, and sometimes a severe purulent process with a pronounced violation of the general condition of the patient (the so-called "oral sepsis").

The most common forms in which bacterial stomatitis occurs:

• Impetiginous stomatitis. The disease is initially streptococcal in nature, and then staphylococcus aureus is also found in the lesions. Most often, young children are affected. The disease manifests itself in the form of a formation on the oral mucosa erosion– surface defects. They have a grayish-yellow coating, which, when removed, is bleeding. With impetiginous stomatitis, ulcers often form on the gums.


• Erysipelas mucous membranes of the mouth (erysipelas). The disease is caused by streptococci. An inflammatory process develops, as a result of which the mucous membrane becomes swollen, painful, and raspberry-colored spots appear on it. There is increased bleeding. In a severe course of the disease, blisters, ulcers, and areas of tissue necrosis form on the mucosa. Erysipelatous inflammation of the mucous membranes is accompanied by a deterioration in the general well-being of the patient, an increase in body temperature. With a high activity of the infectious process and weak immune protection, a complication in the form of sepsis can develop.


• Seizures in the corners of the mouth. This condition can also be considered as a type of bacterial stomatitis. First, a small abscess appears in the corner of the mouth. It breaks through, and a sore remains in its place. In the future, if it is injured, it does not heal, but turns into a crack that passes to the mucous membrane of the cheek.

Allergic stomatitis

Varieties of allergic stomatitis:

• chronic aphthous stomatitis (see above);
• exudative erythema multiforme;
• allergic stomatitis;
• dermatostomatitis: autoimmune diseases that affect different organs, leading to the development of stomatitis and dermatitis.

Exudative erythema multiforme

Symptoms of allergic stomatitis caused by exudative erythema multiforme:

• the disease begins with redness and swelling of the mucous membrane;
• then blisters filled with a clear liquid appear at the sites of the lesion; they burst, leaving erosion in their place;
• erosion is covered with a purulent or bloody crust, gradually heals;
• during the appearance of erosion, the patient experiences general weakness, malaise, and body temperature rises.

Dermatostomatitis

Autoimmune diseases that can be complicated by stomatitis:

• systemic lupus erythematosus
• scleroderma
• pemphigus
• psoriasis
• lichen planus

Each pathology is characterized by its own symptoms and specific lesions of the mucous membrane.

Allergic stomatitis

Types of allergic stomatitis:

• fixed- damage to the mucous membrane always develops in the same place;
• common- all mucous membranes of the oral cavity are affected.

Treatment methods for stomatitis

Drug therapy for stomatitis

Alternative methods of treatment of stomatitis **

For rinsing the mouth with stomatitis, alcohol tincture of calendula is used in a ratio of 1:10. The flowers of this plant have an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. A teaspoon of tincture should be diluted before use in a glass of water. Rinse your mouth 3-4 times a day, depending on the doctor's prescription.

Alcohol tincture of calendula is sold in pharmacies in bottles of 40 and 50 ml.

Hypericum tincture

St. John's wort has long been known traditional medicine as an effective binder and enveloping agent. In the treatment of stomatitis, a tincture of flowers is used in 40% alcohol in a ratio of 1:5. Sold in a pharmacy in bottles.
In order to prepare a solution for rinsing, 30 - 40 drops of St. John's wort tincture are dissolved in one glass of water.

Infusion of sage leaves

Sage leaves are harvested throughout the summer. The plant grows in many regions of Russia; you can buy ready-made medicinal raw materials in filter bags. Pouring sage have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and contain tannins.

Preparation of infusion of sage leaves: Dissolve 1 tablespoon of dried leaves in a glass of boiling water, cool, decant. Rinse your mouth throughout the day as directed by your doctor.

Oak bark

The bark of young thin oak branches, collected in early spring, has medicinal properties. Decoctions are prepared from it in a ratio of bark and water of 1:10, with which they then rinse their mouths throughout the day. Oak bark is sold in pharmacies in finished dried form in boxes.

Kalanchoe juice

Contains components that have an anti-inflammatory effect, helping to cleanse ulcers from pus and dead tissue, accelerating the healing process. For the treatment of stomatitis, Kalanchoe juice is used in the form of applications - cotton or gauze swabs moistened with cotton are applied to the affected areas. Pharmacies sell a ready-made alcohol solution of Kalanchoe juice.

eucalyptus leaves

The plant contains a large number of antiseptics.
Preparation of decoction for rinsing the mouth. Take 10 g of dried eucalyptus leaves. Pour in a glass of water and boil. Cool down, drain. To rinse, dilute a spoonful of the resulting broth in a glass of water. For convenience, dried leaves are sold in pharmacies in briquettes.

With stomatitis, eucalyptus oil can be used. It is diluted in a glass of water in an amount of 10 - 15 drops.

Propolis

It is a product of beekeeping. It consists of a large number of components that have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, healing effects. In pharmacies, propolis can be purchased in the form alcohol tincture 10% (in 80% ethyl alcohol).

For use in stomatitis, 15 ml of alcohol tincture of propolis is diluted in half a glass or in a whole glass of water. Rinse your mouth 3-4 times a day. The total duration of propolis treatment is 4-5 days.

When are antibiotics prescribed for stomatitis? What antibacterial drugs should be taken?

Drugs used for stomatitis of infectious origin:

• bacterial infection(staphylococcal, streptococcal, etc.): antibacterial drugs are used, in accordance with the type of pathogens;
• infectious process as a complication traumatic, allergic and other stomatitis: antibacterial drugs are used;
• candidal stomatitis: antifungal drugs are used;
• enteroviral, vesicular and other viral stomatitis: Appropriate antiviral drugs are used.

With improper self-treatment with antibiotics, the effect of the use of drugs is reduced, complications may develop.

Can furatsilin be used for stomatitis?

Furacilin can be purchased at a pharmacy in two dosage forms :

• tablet form. Preparation of a rinse solution: crush two tablets and dissolve in a glass of water (stir well, as furatsilin dissolves with difficulty).
• In vials, in the form of a ready-made solution for rinsing.

Is it possible to treat stomatitis with Zelenka?

• brilliant green is far from always effective in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa;
• this remedy can have a damaging effect on the mucous membrane of the mouth;
• today there is a large arsenal of more effective and safer means.

Is stomatitis contagious?

• regular hand washing;
• daily oral care: brushing teeth, rinsing and so on;
• use of separate dishes;
• temporary refusal of kisses;
• for children - do not take other people's toys;
• use of separate towels, bed linen, personal hygiene products;
• household items, personal hygiene items, dishes, linen, toys should be disinfected: boiling, ironing, quartzing, use of disinfectants;
• maintaining immunity in good condition.

How does stomatitis affect immunity and vice versa? How does stomatitis with HIV proceed?

Yes, and the risk of contracting any of the species infectious stomatitis high mainly in the risk group, that is, in persons with reduced immune forces.
Children have imperfect, not yet fully formed immunity. Already “tired”, exhausted immunity is typical for older people. That's why children under 5 and people over 60 often suffer from stomatitis .

But not only immunity affects the development and course of stomatitis. So, some types of stomatitis have a negative effect on the body's defenses. As you know - herpes, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, fungi "cut immunity", and not only local, in the oral cavity, but also systemic. And bacterial stomatitis disrupts the microflora of the oral cavity, which protects not only the oral cavity, but also the respiratory tract. Also, bacteria and viruses often affect the lymph nodes - immune organs - tonsils, sublingual, cervical and other types of lymph nodes.

As a conclusion stomatitis is an immunocompetent disease.

Another striking example of the interdependence of stomatitis and immunity is peculiarity of stomatitis in HIV-positive patients:

• stomatitis almost always accompanies HIV-infected patients have a chronic course with constant exacerbations and relapses, there may not be remission at all;
• according to the condition of the oral mucosa judge whether there are indications for HIV testing and the stage of HIV/AIDS;
• often found chronic aphthous stomatitis ;
• people with HIV usually have stomatitis affects most of the mucous membrane of the mouth, tongue, lips ;
• often meets combined types of stomatitis: fungal, herpetic, bacterial;
• cytomegalovirus stomatitis with HIV can lead to the death of the patient, even if he is taking antiretroviral therapy;
• These patients are characterized necrotic-ulcerative lesion of the oral mucosa and gums, bleeding gums, periodontitis, progressive caries, as a result - suppuration of the teeth and their rapid loss, damage to the bone structures of the jaws is possible.

• Availability generalized lesions of all structures of the oral cavity (cheeks, upper and lower palate, tongue, gums, teeth), the presence of total periodontitis;
• chronic and long-term stomatitis (usually fungal), not amenable to treatment with standard treatment regimens;
• the presence of leukoplakia - keratinization of the oral mucosa;
• having a hairy tongue (hairy leukoplakia) - keratinization of the papillae of the tongue as a result of prolonged exposure to fungal flora, the papillae resemble hairs;
• Availability warts and papillomas in the oral cavity;
• herpes zoster in the mouth – herpes zoster , which, in addition to the mucous membrane, affects nerve fiber, characterized by blisters on the upper or lower palate and a strong pain syndrome, pain often requires strong analgesics, up to narcotic drugs;
• Kaposi's sarcoma – malignancy lymphatic vessels, in the oral cavity can be located on the palate, tongue, gums, look like bright red or brown nodes that increase, then painful ulcers form in their place.

A photo: Kaposi's sarcoma in the mouth of an AIDS patient.

Of course, these diseases of the oral cavity are not 100% diagnosed with HIV, but in 75% of cases of such pathologies, a positive result of an ELISA blood test for HIV is obtained. Without tests, such a diagnosis is not made.

Treatment of stomatitis in HIV-positive people long-term, aimed at the pathogen (antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral drugs). But without the correction of immunity, that is, without antiretroviral therapy (HAART), etiotropic treatment is unsuccessful. But with the appointment of adequate HAART and its regular intake, stomatitis often disappears within a month.

For the prevention of stomatitis in HIV-positive individuals recommended prophylactic administration of Fluconazole, Co-trimoxazole and Azithromycin.

Stomatitis in infants (under 1 year) and young children (ages 1 to 5 years), what are the features, signs and symptoms?

Stomatitis in children older than 5 years proceeds in the same way as in adults.

Types of stomatitis most common in children under 5 years of age:

1. Viral herpetic stomatitis- most common in children aged 1 to 5 years, which is associated with the first meeting of children's immunity with herpetic infection, such a "debut" of herpes. As a result of such stomatitis in children, antibodies (immunoglobulins G) to the herpes simplex virus are formed, which protect the body from the recurrence of herpes, because this virus does not go anywhere, but “dozes” in the body for almost all its life. Repeated herpetic eruptions on the lips, face, in the oral cavity (relapses and exacerbations) in such children are possible only with a decrease in protective forces, for example, after the flu or stress. Particularly severe herpetic stomatitis occurs in infants, while the rash spreads beyond the oral cavity to the skin of the lips and face, dangerous complications associated with lesions of the central nervous system.

2. Candidiasis or fungal stomatitis - typical for children from birth to 3 years. The development of such stomatitis is associated with a violation normal microflora oral cavity, that is, a lack of "good" bacteria, the ingress of fungi through the nipples, pacifiers, milk, mammary glands. In children under the age of one month, the microflora is generally only populated. A good nutrient medium for mushrooms is milk - the main food of children under 3 years old. Taking antibiotics is common cause candidal stomatitis.

3. Bacterial stomatitis- more common in children older than 1 year, bacterial inflammation develops against the background of traumatic stomatitis. The mucous membrane of the mouth in babies is very thin and delicate, and is injured both by high and low temperatures, toys, fingers. There are always bacteria in the mouth, this is normal, but if there are wounds, these bacteria cause bacterial ulcerative stomatitis.

Also for children characteristic sharp species stomatitis . Chronic stomatitis develops in children with poor immunity and in dysfunctional families in which basic hygiene rules are not observed.

Signs and symptoms of stomatitis in children.

Children who do not know how to speak naturally do not complain. Yes, and parents cannot immediately understand that the baby has stomatitis, changes in the oral cavity are often detected a few days after the onset of the disease.

The onset of stomatitis, how to suspect this disease in a baby?

• The disease begins acutely, sometimes even suddenly;
• the baby is naughty, screaming for no apparent reason;
• sleeps badly;
• the child may be lethargic, apathetic;
• puts his fingers in his mouth, while being nervous;
• there is increased salivation;
• body temperature rises, often up to 40 0 ​​С;
• refuses to eat, and is naughty during meals;
• children who love pacifiers suddenly refuse them;
• frequent loose stools are possible, especially with fungal stomatitis;
• possible vomiting;
• in severe cases, the lymph nodes of the neck may increase.

How to identify stomatitis in the oral cavity in a child?

• all surfaces of the tongue;
• hard palate - the upper surface of the oral cavity;
• soft palate - under the tongue;
• inner surfaces of the cheeks;
• inner surfaces of the lips, gums;
• then, pressing a little on the upper surface of the tongue, examine the palatine arches and the back wall of the pharynx (simply speaking, the throat), it must be remembered that sores of stomatitis can be localized on the tonsils .

The procedure for the baby is of course unpleasant, so it is very important to distract him at this time, and if it doesn’t work out, then let him cry a little, it is much easier to assess the state of the mucous membrane during a cry.

But you need to be very careful, because in children with good immunity, the sore in the mouth can be the only and small size, it is not always easy to see, but at the same time, intoxication can be quite pronounced.

Photo: herpetic stomatitis in a child, the sore is located on the inner surface of the mucous membrane upper lip.

Photo: candidal stomatitis in a child, in this case, the changes are more common on the surface of the tongue - that is, it has developed fungal glossitis .

Photo: streptoderma of the skin of the face and bacterial stomatitis in a child caused by streptococcal infection.

Can sores with stomatitis in a child bleed?

So, herpetic stomatitis is characterized by the formation of bubbles that open, and in their place aphthae are formed - bleeding sores. And with fungal stomatitis, a white or gray coating forms, after removing which you can also see a bleeding surface. There is almost always bleeding when gums are affected by stomatitis.

Bleeding indicates the severity of stomatitis. Also, this symptom is often accompanied by an unpleasant, sometimes even putrid breath.

The principles of treatment of stomatitis with bleeding are the same as for stomatitis without this symptom. You can add funds that strengthen the walls of blood vessels and hemostatic drugs (vitamins A, E, C, Vikasol, calcium gluconate, aminocaproic acid).

Treatment of stomatitis in children under 5 years of age. How to treat stomatitis in children under 1 year old?

Treatment of stomatitis should be complex and consist of several types of treatment of the oral cavity, both etiological (against the pathogen), and anti-inflammatory and healing. The main thing is to distribute all these procedures correctly and evenly throughout the day. It is important to clean the oral cavity after meals and sugary drinks.

The diet in the treatment of any stomatitis should be sparing, it is necessary to exclude irritating foods and drinks.

• Stomatidin – possible from 4 years old;
• Sodium tetraborate (Borax), Bicarmit – effective, but severe side effects, life threatening a child, from the age of 18;
• Hexoral – recommended from 6 years old;
• Metrogil Denta - contraindicated in children under 14 years of age;
• Boric acid 2% - contraindicated in children under one year of age;
• Yodovidone - not recommended for children under 8 years old;
• Bioparox – not recommended for children under 2.5 years;
• Ingalipt, Tartum Verde and many other sprays - for children over 3 years old;
• Solcoseryl - from 18 years old;
• Chlorophyllipt oil solution – not recommended for children under 10 years old;
• Lugol's solution on glycerin - not recommended for children under 5 years old, and for older children should be used with caution, as it can lead to burns of the oral mucosa;
• Holisal - Suitable for children over 1 year old
• Mouth rinse - difficult in children's practice.

Acute stomatitis in children is treated for 5 to 14 days, while chronic stomatitis can be treated for months, especially if it has developed against the background of immunodeficiency (for example, with HIV).

How to cure stomatitis in children older than 5 years?

Treatment of stomatitis in children older than 5 years is basically the same as in adults, except for those drugs that are contraindicated in a certain age category.

The temperature with stomatitis in a child and an adult, what is it like, how many days does it last and how to bring it down?

In young children, stomatitis is always accompanied by very high temperature body, up to 40 0 ​​C, and it is this symptom that worries the mother and child the most.

Why does body temperature rise with stomatitis?

4. Infectious diseases that reduce immunity :

• flu;
• childhood infections;
• Epstein-Barr virus and other herpetic diseases;
• tuberculosis;
• syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases.

6. Permanent trauma to the oral mucosa:

• uncomfortable dentures;
• alcohol abuse;
• the habit of eating hot, cold, sour, spicy, rough or hard foods, carbonated drinks;
• misuse toothpaste, mouth rinses;
• use of toothpicks and so on.

8. stress , improper sleep and rest, lack of vitamins and minerals in the body.

Treatment of recurrent stomatitis should be directed not only to the inflammation itself, but also to the treatment of the causes that led to this disease:

Chronic fungal stomatitis complicated by leukoplakia - keratinization of the mucous membrane or papillae of the tongue ("hairy" tongue) requires surgical intervention.

How to quickly cure stomatitis in children and adults at home?

But there are indications for a mandatory visit to a doctor, in which home self-medication can aggravate the course of stomatitis, worsen the quality of life and threaten the development of serious complications.

When it is impossible to treat stomatitis without consulting a doctor?

• Stomatitis in children under 1 year old, especially herpetic;
• stomatitis on the background of HIV infection of other immunodeficiencies;
• any chronic and recurrent stomatitis;
• if the sores occupy more than half of the surface of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and tongue;
• bleeding wounds in the oral cavity;
• with purulent diseases of the teeth;
• in the absence of a positive effect from self-treatment within 3 days.

• etiotropic treatment , directed at the pathogen (antiviral, antiseptic and antifungal ointments, gels, rinses);
• anti-inflammatory drugs for local application;
• healing preparations for the treatment of the oral cavity;
• folk methods of treatment .

More about the methods of treatment of stomatitis in the relevant section of the article: .

It must be remembered that any medicinal and herbal preparation may cause adverse reactions, allergies, in this case it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor.

It is also important to keep proper nutrition during the treatment of stomatitis.

Diet principles for stomatitis:

• consume only warm , food at a comfortable temperature, hot and icy food should be discarded;
• avoid spicy, sour and bitter foods , limit the use of salt and sugar;
• abstinence from drinking alcohol (although there is a legend in everyday life that supposedly with stomatitis it is necessary to rinse your mouth with vodka), alcohol additionally contributes to the chemical injury of the oral mucosa and aggravates the course of the disease;
• food should be soft , preferably chopped or heat-treated, that is, it is necessary to abandon hard, whole and raw vegetables and fruits, seeds, nuts, meat and fish with small bones, crackers, hard biscuits and so on;
• preferred liquid, grated or finely ground food, preferably thermally processed, practically without a large amount of flavoring additives;
• the diet should be complete vitamins and microelements ;
• plentiful drink necessary to flush out the infection from the oral cavity and the body as a whole, purified water is welcome, including mineral, black and green tea, non-acidic juices and compotes.