Antibiotic for Staphylococcus aureus. What antibiotics to take for staphylococcus aureus

Everyone has staphylococcus bacteria. In adults and children, staphylococci, streptococci of various types can easily exist on the skin. Treatment of a staphylococcal infection is necessary only if the patient is diagnosed with hemolytic, Staphylococcus aureus.

Microorganisms of these species act aggressively on the skin, internal organs, human blood. The use of antibiotics is appropriate for severe forms ah disease and only by doctor's decision.

Features of the defeat of the body by staphylococcus aureus

Most often, hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus affects immunocompromised patients. Babies, children, pregnant women, lactating women, the elderly are susceptible to infection. Staphylococcus can cause such diseases:

Diseases caused by staphylococcus aureus, which can lead to serious health problems or death of the patient:

Treatment of staphylococcal infections in adults and children can take place in a hospital if a severe form of the disease is diagnosed. Bacteriophages are often used against Staphylococcus aureus.

It is possible to start treatment with antibacterial drugs only after a drug is determined to which this type of staphylococcus does not have resistance.

Streptococcus infection

Streptococcus - pathogenic bacterium, which also affects immunocompromised patients. Treatment of a streptococcal infection is started only if the identified bacterium is harmful to human health.

Most often, hemolytic streptococci cause:

1. Angina.
2. Pharyngitis.
3. Purulent otitis.
4. Scarlet fever.

These diseases can cause complications: rheumatism, arthritis, osteomyelitis, sinusitis, myocarditis and other complications. Treatment of streptococcal tonsillitis, pharyngitis is usually performed using local antiseptic agents.

Antibiotic drugs are used in the severe course of the disease, which is indicated by the following characteristics:

Streptococcal scarlet fever is most often diagnosed in children. Antibiotics are used against this type of infection with the development of a moderate, severe form of the disease.

Analyzes to determine the pathogen

Treatment of a staph infection will only be effective if antibiotics are used against bacteria that can destroy them.

To identify which drugs the Staphylococcus aureus strain is sensitive to, patients are tested for culture.

Staphylococcus aureus often affects babies, developing on the mucous membranes, in the umbilical wound, the intestines of the newborn. A bacterium that has entered the mammary glands can cause the development of purulent mastitis.

For analysis for culture, in addition to the discharge of the child, the mother's breast milk is given, from each breast - into different test tubes. If the acceptable level of bacteria in the milk is exceeded, to prevent re-infection, treatment against staph infection is carried out simultaneously for the mother and infant.

Culture analysis allows you to identify which infection (streptococcal or staphylococcal) is the cause of the disease. For effective treatment beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections also use this test to determine the sensitivity of streptococci to antibacterial drugs (eg, chloramphenicol and levofloxacin).

Culture results and antibiotic susceptibility

During the growth of bacteria, specialists determine their type and identify which antibacterial drugs the strains are sensitive to. A table is being prepared, it indicates the list of antibacterial drugs used and the response of bacteria to their use.

Antibacterial drugs of choice

Both in adults and in newborns, the treatment of diseases in mild form caused by staphylococcal bacteria is recommended without antibiotic therapy. It is advisable to use drugs with antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus in the development of an average, severe stage of the disease.

At the same time, the expected positive result should significantly exceed the negative effects of drugs on the body.

When skin is infected

If the patient develops serious disease skin and soft tissues, antibacterial drugs applied topically (ointments, creams) can suppress the growth of bacteria.

With damage to the nasopharynx

In a severe form of the disease against staphylococcus, Bactroban ointment is used. It should be applied in a thin layer with cotton swab into the nasal passages.

The ointment is distributed with massaging movements of the fingers along the wings of the nose.

With damage to the gastrointestinal tract

The defeat of the gastrointestinal tract is accompanied by dysbacteriosis, which can be aggravated by taking an antibiotic. Therefore, doctors carefully prescribe antibacterial drugs to eliminate staphylococcus aureus. The most commonly used are protected semi-synthetic penicillins, cephalosporins may be used.

The use of antibiotics orally, in the form of tablets, injections is prescribed by specialists if staphylococcus is also localized in other parts of the body:

• joints;
• Respiratory organs;
• brain;
• urinary tract.

Treatment for particularly resistant strains

Since the bacterium is constantly mutating, staphylococcus MRSA develops even in sterile hospital conditions.

They provoke serious diseases:

• sepsis;
• meningitis;
• pneumonia;
• endocarditis, etc.

It is difficult to suppress the growth of these microbes, they are affected by a limited number of antibiotics:

The use of the drug may help clear the bacterium, but there is a risk of re-infection, with the Staphylococcus strain becoming resistant to the antibiotic previously used against it. Therefore, it is extremely important to take tests for sowing every time the disease worsens, follow all the doctor's recommendations and not self-medicate.

Ceftriaxone for Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella

Asks: Alena, Perm

Gender: Male

Age: 3 months

chronic diseases: not specified

Hello dear experts! Need your help. My 3 month old son has problems with stool. The feces became frothy, and lately green with mucus and undigested milk. Have handed over analyzes on a dysbacteriosis 2 times. In the first analysis: Staphylococcus aureus 6x10*5 and Klebsiella 5x10*8. In the second analysis: Staphylococcus aureus 1x10*5 and Klebsiella 4x10*7. She handed over breast milk for sowing and Staphylococcus epidermidis hemolyzing was found in the left mammary gland 2x10 * 1 and in the right 2x10 * 2. The doctor prescribed a staphylococcal bacteriophage to my son for 10 days, 5 ml 3 times a day, and to me 2 tablespoons 3 times a day. And at the same time, my son received 7 injections of ceftriaxone with water and lidocaine. Is it possible to do without these antibiotics, which have a lot of side effects and are very sick? Moreover, Lidocoin is also harmful to such to a small child. P.s. we are breastfeeding, my son had frequent regurgitation and a constant rash, although not big, but almost every day one or two pimples come out on the face mostly, and the redness disappears immediately. Weight is gaining well and pains are in the abdomen, but rarely. Feels good. I would be very grateful for your help. I enclose the last analysis of my son.

Constipation, 24-hour fetid farts, regurgitation, restless behavior especially at night Please help, my son had constipation at the age of 3 months, he doesn’t walk for 5 days, he has to put a microlax enema, since candles don’t help, before that everything was fine, we were breastfeeding, he also began to hiccup often and spit up a lot, especially in the evening and after a long time after eating more than 2 tablespoons, and now constant fetid farts have been added, in which he spins very strongly, raises his legs, especially at night, he practically stopped sleeping, as he constantly strains, spins and cries, sometimes gases come out and themselves, but rarely, mostly with effort and pain, slept well all nights since birth, did not even wake up to eat. We tried everything, linex, bobotik, espumizan, baby kalm, dill water, prunes compote, we do massages, we walk in a column, I'm on a strict diet, and nothing helps. The doctor, apart from microlax, does not say anything, I asked for a referral for fecal analysis (coprogram), but we can’t pass it either, since we can’t poop ourselves. And if it rarely poops itself, then very very little, it simply smears the diaper. After an enema, in what (dough consistency) there are white lumps, large, the size of a fingernail thumb and white streaks. Questions: 1. What could it be? 2. what can be treated? 3. can it be intestinal obstruction? 4. Whether it is possible to hand over the analysis a calla after a mikrolaks.

8 responses

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Alyona! If there is a clinic of acute intestinal disease: heat up to 40 degrees, vomiting, intestinal dysfunction more than 10 times, which causes the severity of the child's condition, and the child is being treated in the infectious diseases department, then antibiotic injections are prescribed. In other cases, bacteriophages are prescribed. Therefore, let the child take the staphylococcal bacteriophage. It can be used from the first days in an enema, according to the instructions. Don't do antibiotic. He in your case will only exacerbate dysbacteriosis. And take Enterofuril suspension. She is allowed to receive from 1 month of life. For intestinal sanitation from Klebsiella.

Alyona 2016-01-09 09:30

Thank you very much! You helped us a lot!

Alyona 2016-01-11 19:09

Elena Vladimirovna! Do I still need to take this bacteriophage? If yes, what dosage? The dosage I was prescribed seemed too high for me. I understand that this staphylococcus epidermal hemolyzing is a completely natural phenomenon in every person and does not need to be treated. What about breastfeeding? Continue or treat the child and switch to formula? If a mixture, what kind of special one is needed? In my analyzes, the first and second degrees are a small degree, aren't they? (It's just that the doctor prescribed me a staphylococcal bacteriophage, saying that I have a lot of it, but the degree is small. A contradiction?) I would be very grateful to you for further help!

Alyona! The presence of epidermal staphylococcus aureus in breast milk does not in itself indicate a disease state. Do not take medication yourself based on the result of a milk test. Do everything to maintain full breastfeeding, this is the most important thing for a child in the first year of life. The presence of Staphylococcus aureus in breast milk is not a contraindication for breastfeeding. The child needs to be sanitized, because he has been diagnosed with pathogenic staphylococcus aureus.

Thank you so much! Gv is very important to us and we really want to keep it. Thank you for your help!

Elena Vladimirovna! Hello again! I give the child a staphylococcal bacteriophage on the 6th day. Tell me, please, should we take enterofuril simultaneously with it? Or after bacteriophage? At the same time, she has not yet begun to give in order to see the reaction of the child to the bacteriophage. And enterofuril to give at intervals of 8 hours or can be less at a dose of three times a day? I would be very grateful for your advice!

Alyona! Give enterofuril 2.5 ml, 3 times a day. No more than 7 days. It can be combined with taking a bacteriophage. Only the intake of these drugs should go at different intervals.

Thanks for the answer! And so he did.

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Excite the medical community for more than a decade. When should this opportunistic bacterium be fought, and when not? What to do with resistant strain? How to treat him? Different doctors have different opinions on this matter. And patients are paying for this confusion, frightened by the “terrible” carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, which is actually completely harmless. Let's try to figure out how to treat Staphylococcus aureus.

Treat disease, not bacteria

The first and foremost principle that doctors should be guided by is that a staph infection is treated when it occurs.

In fact, the excessive zeal of doctors (or their mediocre competence) leads to the fact that they begin to treat patients who “fell under the distribution” of total staphylococcal diagnosis. Women in an interesting position often become victims of the vigilance of ENT doctors, from whom crops from various cavities are required without fail. The detection of Staphylococcus aureus in a smear from the nasal mucosa against the background of blooming health in the nasopharynx often entails persistent and completely unnecessary treatment, including during pregnancy.

In constipation and intestinal colic in infants, weakened immunity in children tortured with antibiotics, allergic dermatitis and many other troubles, the unfortunate Staphylococcus aureus is blamed. Meanwhile, he has nothing to do with these diseases.

So that neither you nor your loved ones fall victim to the excessive zeal of not very competent specialists, remember: you need to treat not staphylococcus aureus, but an infection! And this bacterium provokes not so many infectious diseases. And the most dangerous and severe manifestations of staphylococcal infection are meningitis, pneumonia, toxic shock syndrome and sepsis.

Armed and very dangerous: severe forms of staph infection

These diseases cannot be overlooked. Severe forms of Staphylococcus aureus infection are treated by a doctor, often in the intensive care unit. The basis of therapy is antibiotics, and the main problem that doctors face in the process of treatment is antibiotic resistance. Nosocomial selected strains of staphylococcus, which "grow" in the walls of a hospital, carefully treated with antiseptics, have a truly amazing resistance to antibiotics. Only reserve preparations are able to cope with them - super-powerful heavyweights, the existence of which, fortunately, most people do not even know.

By the way, strains of resistant, the most dangerous and terrible staphylococcus, not sensitive to most known antibiotics, are called MRSA (from the English Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). The probability of "catching" a similar instance is only in people with a low immune response:

• patients with HIV (AIDS), oncological diseases, severe asthma, diabetes;
• old people;
• patients after organ transplantation;
• patients taking long-term corticosteroids, and others.

The antibiotics of choice for MRSA infection are two drugs: Vancomycin and Teicoplanin. But, we repeat: a doctor works with such infections. We will move on to a description of the more common manifestations of Staphylococcus aureus and its treatment regimens.

Staphylococcus aureus: treatment of acute intestinal infection

With the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus in the intestine, the situation can develop in different ways: reactive, according to the type of acute intestinal infection, and latently, in the form of carriage.

Acute intestinal infection, which provokes Staphylococcus aureus, proceeds as food poisoning.

Intoxication of the body, accompanied by characteristic symptoms- fever and weakness - it is not the bacterium itself that causes, but the enterotoxins that it produces.

That is why most often in such cases do not take antibiotics. The only treatment for acute intestinal infection of Staphylococcus aureus is to compensate for fluid loss. The disease resolves on its own, 4-5 days after the onset.

However, such a simple scheme is unacceptable when the disease is very severe. More aggressive treatment will be needed by small, especially newborn children and the elderly with acute intestinal staphylococcal infection. In such situations, there is a risk of developing acute gastroenteritis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, including with damage to the mucous membrane. In order not to “wait for peritonitis,” as the surgeon from the film “Pokrovsky Gates” said, you will have to fight the infection more thoroughly.

A thorough fight involves taking antibiotics. As a rule, drugs of the group are prescribed second or third generation cephalosporins. If the patient is able to take pills, oral antibiotics are used; if vomiting cannot be controlled, injections are used.

In addition, in acute intestinal infections, in some cases, drugs are prescribed to stimulate the immune system - and anti-staphylococcal immunoglobulin.

Carrier is a problem that has a solution

Carrying a staphylococcal infection is a special topic for conversation. As we have already said, bacterial carriage against the background of health is not a basis for treatment. If a perfectly healthy child or adult suddenly has a stool culture ( breast milk, swab from the nasopharynx, pharynx, vagina, and so on) Staphylococcus aureus is sown, it makes no sense to treat it. Recall that Staphylococcus aureus is a conditionally pathogenic microorganism that can live as long as you like on the mucous membranes and do no harm.

The long-term time period of observation of diseases occurring in humans has helped modern medicine find out a considerable number of infectious forms of microorganisms. The broadest classification is in bacteria, among which a staphylococcal infection stands out.

This name is always well-known, but few people can fully tell about these bacteria and, moreover, about drug methods of dealing with them. In order to eliminate such a gap in knowledge for everyone, our resource has prepared comprehensive material on how to properly treat a staphylococcal infection with antibiotics and what it is in principle.

Any is a rounded and inactive microorganism that lives in a huge number of places in our environment. Throughout life, a staphylococcal infection lives inside a person. Normal immune tone allows the body to calmly endure the stay of such microflora, however, the slightest weakening of it can cause the development of any bacterial disease.

Staphylococcal bacteria mostly colonize skin covering man and his mucous membranes. Depending on the type of staphylococcus that has become active and began its unfavorable activity in the human body, the ailment that will develop is determined, and how hard it will proceed.

As medical practice shows, the most common and often disease-causing in humans, the following types of staphylococci are:

• Saprophytic - the main area of ​​\u200b\u200btheir habitat is the human urethra. Often provoke the development of ailments of the urinary and reproductive systems. For example, female cystitis.
• Epidermal - most often affect the skin and mucous membranes. Often they are provocateurs of such ailments as sepsis and endocarditis.
• - live throughout the human body. Able to provoke diseases of very different severity: from bacterial tonsillitis to food poisoning. This type is the most dangerous for humans, as it easily enters the human body by contact and airborne droplets.

Regardless of what ailment provoked the activity of staphylococci, the main reasons for the activation of unfavorable bacterial microflora are:

• weakening of the immune system
• heavy flow acute forms diseases of viral or fungal etiology
• a person with chronic diseases
• adverse environmental impact

More information about Staphylococcus aureus can be found in the video:

Symptoms of staphylococcal infections have different kind. So, with a skin lesion by bacteria, it can manifest itself in the form of a rash and neoplasms on the epithelium, and with damage to the internal part of the body - in the form elevated temperature and damage to a particular organ.

The most pronounced symptoms of staphylococcal lesions are as follows:

• temperature increase within 37-39 0C
• fever, chills, weakness and drowsiness
• swelling of the skin
• occurrence of skin lesions
• loss of appetite
• abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
• development of ailments respiratory tract with damage to specific ENT organs
• headaches and dizziness
• nasal congestion
• long incubation period– from 5 to 15 days

Not in every case it is possible to determine a bacterial disease on your own, so do not ignore a visit to the clinic. It is in it that specialists will be able to analyze and determine which staphylococcus struck you and what drugs will get rid of it the easiest way.

The action of antibacterial drugs on staphylococci

Everyone knows that the basis of the treatment of any bacterial disease is the use of antibiotics. Depending on the individual characteristics In each case, the choice may fall on one or another type of antibacterial drug, but the principle of action of any of them is the same.

Conventionally, antibiotics are divided into two large groups according to their principle of action:

• the first drugs inhibit the synthesis of the outer membrane of the bacterial cell, as a result of which it cannot function normally and dies
• the second drugs are aimed at stopping any metabolic processes in bacterial microorganisms, as a result of which they also die

Antibiotics of the first group are weaker and are used in cases where the disease occurs in the initial stages or is generally not serious. The drugs of the second group are more potent, so their use is carried out with a serious course of the disease and the inability to get rid of it with the help of drugs of the first group.

It is important to understand that antibiotics can only destroy a bacterial infection, against a viral one they are completely powerless.

Properly organizing the intake of antibacterial drugs, you can completely get rid of a staphylococcal infection in a few weeks and return yourself to normal life. Moreover, staphylococci are not as dangerous as a number of other types of bacteria.

The Best Antibiotics to Treat an Infection

Staphylococcal infection is not difficult to treat, but only on the condition that the type of bacteria that has affected a particular patient is accurately determined. It is not advisable to take general antibiotics for staphylococcal infections, as this is fraught with the appearance of a considerable number of side effects.

Based on this state of affairs, we strongly recommend that you start taking antibacterial drugs only after taking the appropriate ones and consulting with your doctor.

It should be understood that the treatment of a staphylococcal infection is divided into two, simultaneously occurring stages:

• strengthening the body's immune system
• elimination of the provocateur of the disease, that is, staphylococci

To carry out the last stage, you can take either topical antibiotics (with a frivolous course of the disease), or injections that have a stronger effect. Antibiotics against staphylococcus have a wide classification and are prescribed based on:

• type of bacteria
• the severity of the disease
• individual characteristics of each case

The best and most commonly used antibacterial drugs against staph infection are:

• Amoxicillin - inhibits the reproduction of infection and kills all previously appeared bacteria.
• Baneocin - used for skin lesions of staphylococci. It has properties similar to the previous antibiotic. This antibacterial ointment is made from bacinthracin and neomycin.
• Vancomycin is an intravenous injection that has a relatively mild effect on the body. It is a drug that stops the reproduction of bacteria, acting on their cell membrane.
• Erythromycin - great for killing everything existing bacteria in the body and stop the process of their reproduction.
• Cloxacillin is a drug that blocks the reproduction of staphylococcal infections.
• Muniprocin is an analogue of an antibacterial ointment - Baneocin. However, it has a stronger effect than this drug.
• Oxacillin is an antibiotic produced in different forms. It differs from others in that it is not able to kill the bacteria that have appeared, however, it perfectly blocks their reproduction.
• Cefazolin, Cefalexin, Cefalotin and Cefotaxime are a group of drugs of moderate effect. They help to kill bacteria that have already appeared and stop their reproduction at the same time.

It is important to take this or that antibiotic in full accordance with its instructions. Also, it will not be superfluous to consult with the attending specialist before starting antibiotic therapy. Only he will be able to determine the reasonableness of taking the drug you have chosen based on the etiology of your disease.

Many residents of Russia and the CIS countries still actively use folk methods treatment of various ailments. Of course, such a practice is often not superfluous, but it should be understood that it should be used as an aid to the main drug treatment.

In addition, before using the so-called natural antibiotics for staphylococcal infections, it is important to consult with your doctor about this.

The following natural remedies are most effective against staphylococcus aureus:

• Fresh onions, garlic, raspberries and black currants. They are used in any form convenient for the patient.
• Cabbage and horseradish. Excellent help in the fight against Staphylococcus aureus.
• Decoctions of sage, St. John's wort and celandine. Help with skin lesions of staphylococcal infection as a "natural ointment".
• Tea tree oil. It has a similar effect to the previous means.
• honey and essential oils. They are used in different variations, but almost always help get rid of staphylococci.

Do not forget that it is possible to cure a staphylococcal infection only with natural antibiotics only in rare cases. Therefore, if after 4-6 days of alternative therapy there are no results or complications appear, immediately proceed to drug therapy diseases, preferably under the supervision of a doctor.

Antibacterial therapy rules

Now that you know what and how to treat a staph infection, it is equally important to determine how therapy is carried out correctly. In fact, antibacterial treatments are not difficult to implement and require compliance with a number of rules.

The general list of the latter is as follows:

• Mandatory organization of bed rest for the patient for the entire period of therapy.
• Taking antibiotics in full accordance with the instructions for the drugs and the doctor's recommendations.
• Accompanying the use of antibiotics with the use of drugs such as microflora protectors and immunostimulants.
• A good response to everything side effects that arise from taking antibacterial medicines (if any).
• Monitoring the patient's condition throughout therapy.

Without ignoring the observance of the rules listed above, you can heal yourself or heal a loved one from a staphylococcal infection as soon as possible (from 1 to 3 weeks). Do not forget that the appearance of any complications in the course of the disease requires immediate contact with the clinic to organize the most competent therapy.

In general, choosing antibiotics for treatment is not so difficult and not problematic for any person. The main thing in making a choice is to know the nuances of a particular case and use the material presented above. We hope this article has provided answers to your questions. Good luck in therapy and health!

Ceftriaxone is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. However, the drug does not affect chemophilus, escherichia, enterococci. It is necessary to treat a patient affected by staphylococcus aureus until the pathogen is eliminated and the symptoms of the disease disappear.

Staphylococcus is a round microbe that lives in colonies.

Any of three types of staphylococcus can be found in a person:

• epidermal;
• golden;
• saprophytic.

The most common among people is Staphylococcus aureus. You can get rid of it with the help of cephalosporin antibiotics, as well as penicillins (Methicillin) and fluoroquinolones. Ceftriaxone is widely used in Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiotic is prescribed for resistant, resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and copes well with microorganisms at various stages of their development. The analogue of Ceftriaxone is the drug Aurocef. It can be prescribed by a doctor in the treatment infectious disease. Ceftriaxone and its analogues are well tolerated by patients, inhibit the growth and reproduction of many pathogenic microorganisms, including staphylococcus aureus.

The destruction of staphylococcus with an antibacterial drug is most appropriate.

The action of Ceftriaxone on staphylococci:

• destroys the microbial cell membrane;
• stops the activity of the microorganism;
• inhibits the formation of membranes of new pathogenic organisms;
• has a pronounced bactericidal effect;
• completely destroys microbial colonies.

It will take about five days for the complete destruction of staphylococcus with Ceftriaxone. During this period, eradication of microorganisms occurs, and the disease recedes.

Application

Ceftriaxone injections are required to kill Staphylococcus aureus once a day. The dosage of the drug is calculated individually in each case. The intravenous dose should not exceed 50 mg/day.

The drug can be used to treat diseases caused by staphylococcus in newborns, infants, children of primary and secondary school age. Ceftriaxone should be used in complex therapy with aminoglycosides, however, the drugs are diluted and administered separately.

The medicine is used in the following dosage:

• infants - 20-50 mg / 1 kg;
• up to 12 years - 20-80 mg / 1 kg;
• adults - 1-2 years.

At intramuscular injection Ceftriaxone is pre-diluted with a solution containing lidocaine. Received injection solution must be used immediately after dilution. A change in the color of the solution in the first 6 hours after dilution does not affect the effectiveness of the drug in staphylococcus aureus.

The injection is performed slowly. When infused, ceftriaxone is diluted with sodium chloride and glucose solutions.

Contraindications

The drug is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance.

Side effects

In some cases, when treating a patient affected by a staphylococcal infection, it is possible adverse reactions- Nausea, vomiting, headache are observed. Sometimes, against the background of antibiotic therapy, candidiasis of the mucous membranes occurs, the activity of liver enzymes, thrombocytopenia, pruritus, and urticaria increase.

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