Is it possible to drink 2 tablets at once. What to do in case of violation of the contraceptive regimen

Regardless of whether you drink an analgin tablet every six months or swallow a whole handful of pills three times a day, it is important to follow the rules for taking medications. After all, the quality of treatment and the lack of side effects. And often complaints that the medicine does not help are associated precisely with a violation of the rules for taking the drugs. Therefore, it is necessary not only to have a well-formed first-aid kit in the house (how to do this, the My Years website has already told), but also to take the prescribed medications correctly.

Taking medication: basic rules

According to statistics, no more than 20% of all patients take their medicines correctly, and the rest either forget about the doctor's recommendations or simply do not pay attention to them.

1. Exact time

The instructions always write how often you need to take the drug. It is very desirable to drink medicines strictly by the hour, this allows you to maintain the desired concentration of the drug in the blood constantly. This is important for many drugs, for example, antihypertensives, antibiotics, hypoglycemic, hormonal.
If it is written that the tablets should be taken twice a day, then they mean a day, that is, the drug is needed every 12 hours. For example, at 8 am and 20 00 pm.

An exception is made for immediate relief medicines: they are taken as needed, without any schedule.

For many drugs, the time of day is also important - this is due to the biorhythms of the body. Such features will also be written in the instructions or the doctor will tell you about it.
For example, antihistamines are taken in the evening. Painkillers are also taken in the evening, because at night the pain is always felt more strongly. Tonic drugs are drunk in the first half of the day, and sedatives in the second.

2. Pill box and alarm clock

If there are several medicines and they need to be drunk at a certain time, then it is necessary to organize the process as conveniently as possible. A pill box will help out, where you can put everything the right drugs by time and day of the week. You can also set an alarm or a reminder on your phone. This will help not only the elderly, because in the hustle and bustle of the day, anyone can forget about the necessary pill.

You can print out the medication schedule and hang it in a conspicuous place, not forgetting to mark the pill taken and the time.

By the way, recording the time of administration and dose is very helpful when it comes to drugs for immediate relief. For example, in the case of antihypertensive drugs, antipyretics and painkillers. This will protect against accidental overdose, because many of these drugs can only be taken after a certain amount of time. These records will also help doctors. If you had to call ambulance, you can clearly tell the doctor when and what you took.

If there are a lot of medicines and you need to drink them several times a day, it makes sense to buy a convenient pillbox

Note

What to do if you forgot to take your medicine on time?
If a little time has passed, then just drink the drug. And if the time for the next dose is already approaching, then wait for it and drink the usual dose. Never take a double dose of a medicine instead of a missed one!

3. No "drug cocktails"

This applies to those who are forced to take several medications at the same time. Often this happens in the presence of some chronic diseases.
How to proceed in this case? Of course, it is easier to swallow all the pills in one fell swoop, but this cannot be done. Each drug is taken separately with an interval of 30 minutes.

Note

If you are taking adsorbents, such as Polysorb, Enterosgel, Activated carbon, smect and the like, then it is imperative to take a break in taking between this drug and other drugs, since otherwise the sorbent will bind and remove the drug from the body. This is always written in the instructions. Usually it is recommended to wait from 30 minutes to 1.5 hours.

3. Swallow or chew?

Medicines are always in the form that contributes to their best assimilation. Therefore, if the instructions say “chew”, “grind” or “put under the tongue until completely dissolved”, you need to do just that. For example, it is better to chew or crush ordinary aspirin, so it will quickly enter the bloodstream and injure the stomach less.

Lozenges should not be swallowed or swallowed.

Coated tablets should not be crushed as the coating protects the contents from gastric juice.

Capsules are also not opened, since the gelatin shell ensures the safety of the drug and its prolonged action.

Naturally, effervescent tablets must be dissolved in water, and use the amount indicated in the instructions.

Tablets that can be divided are equipped with special notches.

Do not swallow tablets while lying down - this can lead to nausea, vomiting or heartburn.

4. Before or after meals

Yes, it does matter. There are several reasons for this: some of the drugs irritate the gastric mucosa and, taking them on an empty stomach, you can give yourself gastritis or an ulcer. Another reason: the degree of assimilation of the drug. The contents of the stomach can greatly reduce the effectiveness of the pill drunk.
And the interaction of drugs with different foods and drinks is a separate topic for conversation.
Not all medications are associated with food intake. If the doctor did not special instructions, then it is better to drink the medicine half an hour before meals, then the degree of its absorption will be high.

Yarina is a monophasic oral contraceptive. This means that all tablets in a package contain the same dose of hormones. One tablet of Yarina contains 30 micrograms (0.03 mg) of Ethinylestradiol and 3 mg of Drospirenone.

One package contains one blister (plate) of Yarina to be taken within one month.

WARNING: The drug has contraindications. Do not start using this drug without first talking to your doctor.

Analogues

What reduces the contraceptive effect of Yarina?

The contraceptive effect of Yarina can be reduced by vomiting, diarrhea, taking large doses of alcohol, and taking certain medications. Read more about it here:

How to delay menstruation with Yarin?

If you need to delay your period, then after finishing one pack of Yarin the next day, start a new blister without taking a 7-day break. In this case, menstruation will be delayed by 2-4 weeks, but there may be slight bloody spotting around the middle of the next package.

Please note: you can postpone your period only if you took Yarin at least one month before unwanted menstruation.

Do I need to take long breaks while taking Yarina?

If you have been taking Yarina for more than 6-12 months, you may want to consider taking a break for a few months. You can read about how useful such breaks are by clicking on the link:

What to do if there is no menstruation during a 7-day break in taking Yarin?

Carefully remember whether you took all the pills correctly in the past month.

If last month you had errors in taking pills (misses, delays), then stop taking Yarin's pills until you are sure that you are not pregnant.

What should I do if I become pregnant while taking Yarina?

Pregnancy in the case of proper administration of Yarin tablets is extremely rare. It is more likely that the pregnancy came as a result of the errors that you made in the previous month.

So, what to do if the test unexpectedly showed 2 strips? First of all, stop taking the pills and consult a gynecologist.

Yarina's reception early dates pregnancy can not harm the health of your unborn child, so you can safely leave the pregnancy. In this case, start taking as soon as possible.

Yarina's reception before surgery

If you have a planned operation, then taking Yarin tablets should be stopped a month (4 weeks) before surgery. This will reduce the risk of blood clots in the vessels. If the operation is required urgently, then be sure to tell the surgeon what you are taking. birth control pills. In this case, the doctor will additional measures to prevent the formation of blood clots (with the help of drugs).

You will be able to start taking Yarin 2 weeks after you can walk on your own after surgery.

How often do you need to visit a gynecologist while taking Yarin?

Even if nothing bothers you, then you need to visit a gynecologist prophylactically at least once a year.

Its high efficiency combined with low price have made it very popular in our country. However, due to serious side effects, it is recommended to use this medicine with extreme caution. Poisoning with analgin can cause even a small overdose of it, which in especially severe cases can be fatal. In most developed countries, the sale of analgin is prohibited due to its side effects since the 70s of the twentieth century. In Russia, this drug is used, but it has been excluded from the list of Essential Medicines since 2009.

Side effects of analgin

Analgin has a negative effect on the hematopoietic organs, kidneys. It can also cause allergic reactions, up to anaphylactic shock.

The most dangerous is the effect of analgin on the composition of the blood. When it is taken, the level of white blood cells - leukocytes, which perform a protective function, neutralizes pathogens that have entered the body, decreases. There is also a decrease in the number of platelets responsible for blood clotting.

A drop in the level of leukocytes leads to a weakening of the immune system, which becomes unable to control the microflora that lives on the mucous membranes. As a result, the mucous membranes of the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, genitals, liver, lungs are inflamed, and then affected by ulcers and necrosis, Bladder. Agranulocytosis develops. dangerous disease, which is often fatal. It is precisely because of the danger of developing agranulocytosis that the sale of metamizole sodium was banned in the USA, Japan, Australia, and most European countries.

Complications of agranulocytosis can be:

• pneumonia;
• liver damage - toxic hepatitis;
• necrotic enteropathy is an intestinal lesion in which there is a high risk of intestinal perforation, leading to peritonitis and sepsis.

A decrease in the level of platelets - thrombocytopenia - creates a risk of internal bleeding, hemorrhage in the brain.

The negative effect of this drug on the kidneys is manifested by such violations of their functions as the appearance of protein in the urine, a decrease in the amount of urine, up to the complete cessation of its production. Inflammation of the kidneys - nephritis may develop.

These side effects are more likely to occur with an overdose of analgin, but in cases of individual intolerance, even after a single dose of this medication, drug agranulocytosis may develop, or allergic reactions such as angioedema, bronchospastic syndrome, anaphylactic shock, which in 10-20% of cases ends in death.

Causes of analgin intoxication

Is it possible to get poisoned with analgin? Of course, the consequences of this poisoning can be the most severe, even fatal. The cause of analgin poisoning is most often its overdose - systematic or single, but other factors may also occur:

• individual intolerance;
• an overdose of analgin due to its immoderate intake with prolonged pain;
• simultaneous administration with drugs that increase the toxicity of analgin: oral contraceptives, tricyclic antidepressants, allopurinol, cytostatics, thiamazole, other non-steroidal analgesics;
• disorders in the liver and kidneys. In this case, the drug cannot be excreted from the body in a timely manner, and its concentration increases above the permissible values;
• an overdose of analgin in children can occur when medicines are stored in places accessible to children.

Clinical picture of intoxication

In acute analgin poisoning, the following symptoms are usually observed:

• nausea, vomiting;
• abdominal pain;
• drop in body temperature and blood pressure;
• rapid heartbeat (tachycardia);
• drowsiness;
• dyspnea;
• the appearance of disorders of consciousness, delirium;
• convulsions, difficulty breathing;
• bleeding of mucous membranes;
• decreased urine production;
• there may be signs of liver and kidney failure;
• symptoms of acute agranulocytosis may appear: sore throat, weakness, fever up to 39-40 ° C, stomatitis, putrid odor from oral cavity spasm of the larynx.

First aid

If symptoms of an overdose of analgin appear, you should immediately call an ambulance. Before her arrival, the patient must be induced to vomit, then give him activated charcoal in the amount of 1 tablet for every 10 kg of weight. Because one of possible complications an overdose of analgin is necrotic enteropathy; an enema cannot be given because of the risk of intestinal perforation. To cleanse the intestines, it is recommended to use a saline laxative.

If the patient has lost consciousness, it is necessary to lay him on his side, in order to avoid retraction of the tongue, and try to return him to a conscious state, allowing him to inhale vapors of ammonia.

Treatment

An overdose of analgin is treated in a hospital. The patient is shown:

• gastric lavage;
• bowel cleansing with saline laxatives;
• receiving activated charcoal;
• the use of forced diuresis;
• in case of impaired renal function - hemodialysis;
• with convulsive syndrome - therapy with anticonvulsants (barbiturates, diazepam).

After symptom relief acute poisoning the patient is examined and prescribed additional treatment identified diseases caused by an overdose of analgin.

Prevention

Analgin is one of the most effective painkillers and antipyretics among non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This drug is easily soluble in water and is rapidly absorbed, which is a valuable quality if you need to quickly achieve the required concentration of its active substance in the blood.

However, despite all the advantages, given the side effects and consequences of an overdose of dipyrone, it is better to minimize its use, replacing it, if possible, with other, less dangerous drugs.

Permissible doses

Analgin is available in tablets and ampoules, can be administered intramuscularly or intravenously. It is taken orally after meals. Adults are allowed to take 0.25-0.5 g three times a day, with severe pain the maximum daily dose is not more than 3 g.

Dosage for children - no more than 10 mg / kg three times a day. AT infancy allowed only intramuscular injection to relieve febrile syndrome.

In the form of injections (intramuscular or intravenous) (with severe pain), the dose for adults is 1-2 ml 2-3 times a day of a solution of 50% or 25% concentration. The total daily dose is not more than 2 g. For children, the norm is calculated based on the proportion of 0.1-0.2 ml of a 50% concentration solution or 0.2-0.4 ml of a 25% solution per 10 kg of weight.

Lethal dose analgin, depending on body weight, can be 5-8 g. To find out how many tablets contain a lethal dose, you need to divide this amount by the mass of the active substance in one tablet. After the intake of analgin in such an amount, the prevention of death is possible only if an emergency is provided. medical care. It must be remembered that even if the recommended dosage is observed, analgin is not recommended to be taken. long time.

Contraindications

An important condition for the prevention of analgin poisoning is the strict observance of contraindications to the use of this medication. These include:

• individual intolerance, as well as a tendency to allergic reactions, hay fever, atopic bronchial asthma;
• diseases of the hematopoietic system, leukopenia, anemia;
• kidney disease, including a history;
• liver / kidney failure;
• asthma;
• pregnancy (especially the first 3 and last 1.5 months);
• breast-feeding;
• the first 3 months of a child's life;
• alcoholism.

Also, contraindications include treatment with medications that are poorly compatible with analgin. These include indirect anticoagulants, hormonal contraceptives, tricyclic antidepressants, and many others. medicines.

Precautionary measures

Individual intolerance to analgin is rare, but such individuals are highly likely to develop anaphylactic shock, especially when intravenous administration therefore, people prone to allergic reactions are advised to avoid analgin injections.

When treating with analgin for a long period of time, it is necessary to periodically do clinical analysis blood to control the level of leukocytes and platelets.

When taking analgin, you should be aware of the danger of developing agranulocytosis and carefully monitor changes in your well-being. The appearance of symptoms such as difficulty swallowing and sore throat, a rise in temperature without apparent reason, the appearance of bleeding and inflammation of the mucous membranes, signs of stomatitis, vaginitis, proctitis. All these conditions require examination and immediate refusal to take this drug.

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The consequences of an overdose of analgin

Analgin, or metamizole sodium, is used as an antipyretic and analgesic. It is produced as a single drug under various trade names, as well as in the composition of complex tools. And a consumer who does not have a medical or pharmaceutical education is often unaware of this and can increase the daily dose of metamizole sodium, resulting in an overdose of analgin, which will cause a fatal outcome.

Causes of metamizole sodium poisoning

Analgin poisoning is possible in the case of:

• if you drink a lot of analgin accidentally or deliberately, for example, a child, a mentally ill person can find and eat pills, you can mix up the medicine or dosage, take several full or partial analogs of metamizole sodium at the same time, or deliberately take the drug with the aim of suicide or staging it;
• excessive use of an analgesic for relief chronic pain, analgin poisoning can be observed when taking it in large doses for more than a week;
• taking the drug in severe pathologies of the liver and kidneys, since the active substance is destroyed when passing through the hepatic barrier and excreted from the body with urine, but in diseases of these organs, they do not cope with their function and, as a result, the amount of metamizole sodium in the blood increases;
• simultaneous administration with certain medications, so the toxicity of analgin increases in case of its joint reception with others non-narcotic analgesics, sedatives and tranquilizers, tricyclic antidepressants, hormonal oral contraceptives, allopurinol, radiopaque agents, plasma-substituting fluids and penicillin antibiotics.

Lethal dose of analgin

Analgin, taken in a therapeutic dose, can cause the death of the patient. Death can occur as a result of an allergic reaction (especially when the drug is administered intravenously), the development of impaired renal and hepatic function, and bronchospasm.

The lethal dose of analgin for a person can be 5-20 g. This dosage depends on body weight, on concomitant diseases of the liver and urinary system, the method of administration of the drug, the parallel intake of other medications and other factors.

Analgin is available in dosages of 0.5 g, and for some, 10 tablets can already be fatal. It is especially dangerous to drink a pack of dipyrone for children of preschool or early school age, as they have low body weight and overdose symptoms develop faster.

If you get poisoned with analgin, then you can die from infectious complications, which proceed atypically and are hardly given therapy. Less commonly, the cause of death of a patient can be acute renal or hepatic failure, paralysis of the respiratory muscles. The cause of death may be internal hemorrhage.

The clinical picture of analgin intoxication

Symptoms for acute and chronic metamizole sodium poisoning will differ. If an overdose of analgin is observed, then the hematopoietic organs, liver, kidneys and sometimes the lungs suffer first of all. With the abuse of the drug in the blood, the level of leukocytes and platelets decreases.

Leukocytes are responsible for immune system when their level drops, pathogenic bacteria begin to multiply, which provokes the development of inflammation of the mucous membranes. On the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, frequent tonsillitis can be observed, when it spreads to the digestive organs, ulcerations of the mucous membrane of various organs of the gastrointestinal tract develop, starting from the stomach and ending with the lower intestines.

In addition, the bronchopulmonary system may suffer from inflammation.

With a decrease in the level of platelets, increased bleeding is observed, in severe cases, bleeding may open, including internal ones.

The first signs of chronic intoxication will be the formation of long-term non-healing sores in the mouth. Then the respiratory organs may suffer, a person has constant inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa, bronchi and trachea, which are difficult to treat.

In the presence of concomitant lung diseases, prolonged poisoning with metamizole sodium can provoke bronchospasm, which is characterized by attacks of coughing and dyspnea even in the absence of physical exertion.

In chronic intoxication, urinalysis will show proteinuria and bacteriuria. If the liver suffers from an overdose, then bilirubinemia is observed in the blood. At the same time, the skin and sclera are stained in yellow, skin itch appears.

Acute overdose of dipyrone can have symptoms:

• dyspeptic disorders (nausea, vomiting);
• pain in the stomach;
• decrease in the amount of urine excreted;
• decrease in body temperature and blood pressure;
• cardiopalmus;
• dyspnea;
• noise in ears;
• hypersomnia;
• a sharp decrease in the level of leukocytes and, as a result, weakening of the immune system;
• delirium, disorder of consciousness;
• internal bleeding;
• severe pathologies of the liver and kidneys;
• spasms;
• paralysis of the respiratory muscles.

Providing first aid and methods of therapy

It must be remembered that there is no specific antidote for an overdose of analgin. Treatment is symptomatic. The victim should definitely call an ambulance and be taken to the hospital. Before the arrival of doctors, it is necessary to induce artificial vomiting. To do this, the patient is given a drink of clean boiled water and pressed on the root of the tongue.

It must be remembered that it is impossible to provoke vomiting in infants, women in position, the elderly and patients who are unconscious.

If a young child vomits, to reduce the risk of vomit entering the Airways, it must be placed face down on your knees. It is also worth taking adsorbents, for example, smectite, polysorb. You can give the victim a laxative or an enema.

In no case should you give antiemetic drugs, such as, for example, cerucal. Vomiting helps to remove the drug from the body, and when it stops, the level increases active substance in the blood and hence its toxicity.

When admitted to the hospital, they may prescribe:

• gastric lavage through a probe;
• siphon enema;
• forced diuresis, the essence of which is to accelerate the excretion of urine from the body, and therefore the drug;
• hemodialysis;
• when a bacterial infection is attached, antibiotics are prescribed latest generation or reserve drugs;
• in the event of seizures, diazepam or barbiturates are injected into the vein;
• carry out symptomatic therapy.

Consequences of metamizole sodium poisoning

An overdose of analgin can have different consequences, depending on the duration and severity of intoxication, the speed of first aid, the presence of concomitant pathologies, and the age of the victim.

The following effects may be observed:

• death from an overdose of metamizole sodium;
• development of disorders of the liver and kidneys;
• hemorrhages in internal organs with subsequent disorder of their function, the severity of which depends on the severity of the damage;
• due to disturbances in the functioning of the immune system, private infectious diseases.

Features of an overdose of metamizole sodium and first aid for children

The development of drug intoxication in children is most often observed when the dosage is incorrectly calculated. As a rule, acute drug overdoses are observed in pediatrics, cases of chronic poisoning are rare.

Signs of intoxication in children are the same as in adults, but the danger is that they can grow too quickly. The younger the child, the faster spasms appear, and loss of consciousness is observed. Therefore, in case of an overdose, you need to call an ambulance as soon as possible.

Before her arrival, if the child did not have time to swallow all the tablets, then get them out of his mouth. Give drink adsorbent. It can be activated charcoal, neosmectin. A child over 5 years of age, if he is conscious, induce vomiting. Before the arrival of doctors, a baby under 5 years old should be given water to drink, giving it in small portions. You can give your baby milk. It will help to reduce the rate of adsorption of the drug. Feeding a child with metamizole sodium poisoning is prohibited.

Without succumbing to panic, collect things for hospitalization, which cannot be refused. Any pharmaceutical drug can become poison. Knowledge clinical picture intoxication will help to timely notice a threat to health, and possibly life. Timely assistance to the victim can prevent the development of serious consequences, and it is also possible to prevent the death of the patient from an overdose of any medication, including those based on metamizole sodium.

To prevent the occurrence of poisoning in a child, it is necessary to store medicines in an inaccessible place, and even better under lock and key. Explain to older children that medicines should not be touched. It is also unacceptable to take medication without a doctor's prescription. Compliance with these rules will help maintain health and life.

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Poisoning with Analgin - symptoms, treatment and consequences of an overdose

Analgin (metamisole sodium) is a white crystalline powder with a yellowish tinge, belonging to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Its action is based on blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins, which ensures attenuation inflammatory process and reducing the intensity of pain.

To the main pharmacological effects metamizole sodium include:

• anesthesia;
• antipyretic action;
• anti-inflammatory action.

Metamizole sodium is the basis of such medicines as Baralgin, Pentalgin, Anapirin. The drug is available in tablet and injection form (ampouled solution with a concentration of 50% or 25%). The injection form is often used to prepare a lytic mixture:

• Analgin 2 ml 50% solution;
• Papaverine 2 ml 2% solution;
• Diphenhydramine 1 ml 1% solution.

With proper use, Analgin is an effective and highly effective drug. He is appointed at elevated temperature body, pains of any origin and localization, inflammatory processes. However, the toxicity of the drug is quite high, so a violation of the rules of admission leads to the development of a clinic of acute poisoning.

Mechanism of poisoning and therapeutic dosages

There may be several reasons for an overdose of Analgin. The most common is taking the drug in doses that are significantly higher than therapeutic in the following cases:

• suicide attempts;
• Illiterate attempts at self-treatment;
• Repeated repeated use in the absence of effect after taking a therapeutic dosage;

Also, problems arise when using Analgin in combination with other drugs that have a similar effect. You can not take the drug in combination with drugs such as:

In rare cases, problems arise when taking Analgin in a general therapeutic dosage for impaired renal function. When this happens:

• Slow elimination of the drug;
• Accumulation in the body of high doses of metamizole sodium;
• Poisoning with Analgin.

Analgin in case of overdose has a neurotoxic effect, while there is a violation of the vestibular apparatus, the mechanism of neuromuscular transmission, higher nervous functions. It is also possible to disrupt the processes of hematopoiesis, malfunctions of the liver, kidneys and other internal organs.

The following dosages of Analgin are considered safe (that is, you can drink a day) in various dosage forms:

By weight, but not more than 2-3 times a day

In pediatrics, an enema with Analgin solution can also be used. The dose of the drug in this case is 0.25 g (1/4 tablet).

When prescribing metamizole sodium to elderly patients, as well as to people suffering from kidney failure, therapeutic dosages are reduced - the doctor decides on this based on a clinical examination and data on the rate of excretion of drugs by the kidneys.

Symptoms of an overdose of Analgin

The consequences of acute overdose are manifested in the form of:

• dizziness;
• general weakness;
• nausea;
• vomiting;
• Noise in the ears;
• Heaviness in the head;
• Psychomotor agitation;
• tachycardia;
• Paleness of the skin;
• Hypothermia.

In severe cases, the patient may experience convulsions that capture the respiratory muscles, the urine becomes pink or red. Cyanosis is noted, the patient plunges into a coma, which can reach 4-5 points on the Glasgow scale.

Long-term use of high doses of Analgin is also harmful to the body - the processes of hematopoiesis are inhibited, which results in agranulocytosis and granulocytopenia. In addition, the drug has a negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract, it is possible to develop gastritis, stomach and intestinal ulcers, and disrupt the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

Diagnosis of hematopoietic disorders is performed laboratory method. Pathology of the gastrointestinal tract manifests itself in the form of:

• heartburn;
• Pain in the epigastric region;
• Belching;
• Bloating
• Hungry pains with ulcers;
• Digestive disorders;
• Signs of gastrointestinal bleeding.

How acute form overdose with Analgin, and long-term chronic intoxication with it can lead to the development of allergic reactions that occur in various forms:

• Urticaria - small rashes, accompanied by itching;
• Allergic edema is a pronounced swelling of one or another part of the body, which develops due to hypersensitization;
• Anaphylactic shock is the most severe form of an allergic reaction that occurs with a sharp drop in blood pressure, centralization of blood circulation, impaired cardiac and respiratory activity.

Allergic reactions are not always associated with taking large doses of the drug. With existing hypersensitivity, 1 tablet is sufficient for the development of allergies.

First aid

Acute overdose of Analgin requires immediate qualified assistance.

• The patient is given to drink water (up to 0.5 liters);
• Provoke vomiting by pressing fingers on the root of the tongue;
• Evaluate vomit for the presence of tablets that have not had time to dissolve in them;
• Repeat the procedure several times;
• Washing can be considered complete after the patient begins to vomit with clean water.

The above method of detoxification is unacceptable in case of confused or absent consciousness, psychomotor agitation of the patient, and swallowing disorders. In the absence of consciousness, the victim is laid on his side and left in this position until the arrival of doctors.

The medical assistance provided by the SMP team consists in gastric lavage with a thick gastric tube, the introduction of enterosorbents at the rate of 1 tablet of crushed activated carbon per 10 kg of body weight. Often there is a need to prescribe Relanium (convulsive syndrome), drugs that increase blood pressure (hypotension), antiemetics (continuous vomiting). Further, urgent hospitalization in the intensive care unit is required.

Incessant vomiting usually occurs if the patient took analgin and alcohol at the same time. Such a phenomenon often becomes saving for the patient, since alcohol, provoking vomiting, helps to remove pills from the stomach even before the ambulance arrives. Clinics of severe poisoning do not develop.

Treatment

The main principle of the treatment of acute poisoning is the speedy removal of the xenobiotic from the patient's body. In modern clinical practice, the following types of detoxification are most actively used.

forced diuresis

The patient is given a large, up to 4-5 liters, amount saline solutions and plasma substitutes, which increases the volume of circulating blood. After that, a loop diuretic (furosemide) is injected into dozemg. The toxic substance is actively excreted by the kidneys, while strict control of diuresis is necessary, regular study indicators of hematocrit, acid-base balance, electrolytes.

stool stimulation

Almost any dangerous toxicant after absorption is re-excreted into the intestinal lumen. This makes the method of active detoxification by stimulating the stool relevant. Used as a laxative Castor oil(up to 400 ml per dose), magnesium sulfate solution 25% (take as needed at a time), intestinal lavage. The latter is an introduction into the stomach a large number(up to 8-10 liters per procedure) of a saline enteral solution that fully flushes the intestines and “draws” fluid from the internal environment of the body.

Antidote therapy

There is no specific antidote for analgin. As an antidote, a universal adsorbent is used - activated carbon at a dose of up to 1 kg for the entire course of treatment. With methemoglobinemia, 400 ml of sodium hypochlorite is administered intravenously.

Hemodialysis

Severe consequences of metamizole sodium poisoning require hemodialysis, a procedure based on filtering blood through a semipermeable membrane. In this case, a double-lumen venous catheter is inserted into the patient's femoral vein. Blood sampling is carried out through one exit, return - through the second. In parallel with the procedure, the patient undergoes a massive infusion of saline solutions (Akkusol, Duosol).

resuscitation allowance

The harm of Analgin is often so great that the patient needs resuscitation. The indication for the transfer of the patient to intensive care is:

• Lack of consciousness and coma;
• convulsive syndrome;
• Violation of urination up to anuria;
• Signs of violation of the processes of blood formation;
• Severe psychosomatic disorders;
• Allergy to Analgin, some of the symptoms of which can be life-threatening.

Patients in serious condition are intubated and transferred to artificial respiration, on which they can be for a long time. Set permanent urinary catheter, which allows you to control diuresis, the patient is connected to a monitor that displays the main parameters of vital activity.

Forecasts

In the absence of qualified medical care, an acute overdose of Analgin in most cases ends in death. Timely and competent detoxification allows saving the life of the patient, however, it is not always possible to prevent the delayed effects of intoxication. They may appear several years after the patient is discharged.

A dose of more than 5 grams of metamizole sodium, taken as a single dose, is considered lethal. In this case, resuscitation assistance is often ineffective and the patient dies. The exception is patients with high body weight - in this case, the lethal dose increases.

At correct use metamizole sodium practically does not harm the body. However, if errors are made in calculating the dose and number of doses, Analgin can cause irreparable harm to human health.

Symptoms of an overdose of analgin and first aid for poisoning

Analgin or metamizole sodium is a classic analgesic with pronounced antipyretic properties, actively used to this day mainly in the CIS countries and the Russian Federation.

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug non-selectively blocks cyclooxygenase and reduces the production of prostaglandins, in addition, it has a low cost and is available in free pharmacy sales.

Excessive use of analgin can cause a number of problems, pathologies and acute conditions. Consider what happens if you drink a lot of analgin (painkiller) tablets and how to determine an overdose.

How does analgin affect the body?

As mentioned above, metamizole sodium systemically blocks COX, and also slows down the production of arachidonic acid and prostaglandins, simultaneously prevents pain impulses and increases heat transfer.

Analgin practically does not irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, has little effect on water and salt metabolism, but at the same time, in addition to analgesic and antipyretic, it also has an antispasmodic effect of moderate intensity, mainly on the biliary and urinary tract. Therapeutic effect begins to appear 30 minutes after oral administration of the drug and reaches an absolute maximum after 4 hours, after which it is excreted by the kidneys, previously metabolized in the liver.

Symptoms of an overdose of analgin

Consider what happens if you drink a lot of analgin (painkiller) tablets. An overdose of analgin can be both acute (develops 3-5 hours after ingestion) and delayed chronic (negative manifestations are formed after 3 days).

Primary manifestations include:

• Nausea and vomiting;
• dizziness, tinnitus and confusion;
• General weakness of the whole organism;
• Tachycardia, sometimes bradycardia;
• Paleness of the skin;
• Psychomotor agitation;
• Hypothermia.

At severe forms overdose with metamizole sodium, a change in the color of urine is noted (it manifests bloody issues), systemic convulsions, including those affecting the respiratory muscles, cyanosis, and in some cases, coma.

The chronic type of overdose is characterized by a gradual increase in negative symptoms with multiple disorders in the gastrointestinal tract (heartburn, bloating, pain, digestive disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding), failure of hematopoiesis processes (granulocytopenia and agranulocytosis), allergic reactions(edema, urticaria, anaphylactic shock), renal or hepatic insufficiency.

First aid for adults and children

In case of an overdose of analgin, the victim should be provided with comprehensive first aid. Classic activities for adults and children include:

• Immediate induction of vomiting. It is carried out if no more than a minute has passed after the use of the drug. The best option- the use of 1-2 liters of liquid and pressure on the root of the tongue in order to induce a reflex;
• The use of sorbents. After the maximum possible emptying of the stomach, it is necessary to use direct sorbents (for example, activated charcoal) in the calculation of grams of the substance one-time (for children, the dosage is reduced by 2 times) and 10 grams every 4-5 hours for 1 day;
• Call an ambulance. If acute analgin poisoning is suspected, before all events, it is necessary to promptly call a team of doctors to the house;
• Enema. As an addition to the main measures after 2-3 hours after an overdose and in the absence of emergency medical care, you can apply a saline enema (1 teaspoon of salt per 1 liter of boiled water at room temperature) to remove toxins formed in the intestines;
• Monitoring the patient's condition. The victim is laid on his side (to reduce the likelihood of suffocation or choking with vomit) and is under observation until the arrival of the medical team. In case of loss of consciousness, cotton wool with ammonia is used. If there is no breathing or heartbeat, basic resuscitation is carried out ( indirect massage heart and artificial respiration).

Recovery of the body after an overdose

After providing the first first aid and the arrival of a medical team, in case of acute analgin poisoning, a decision can be made to hospitalize the victim in a hospital. Department doctors intensive care carry out the following procedures for the treatment and recovery of the body:

• Systemic gastric lavage. It is carried out if less than 4-6 hours have passed after taking the drug. If necessary, repeat several times;
• Connection to condition monitoring tools. In the case of a severe overdose of the victim, constant monitoring of the main vital signs is required;
• Diuresis. Forcing urination allows you to quickly remove from the body as a whole and the kidneys in particular, the products of the metabolism of metamizole sodium;
• Hemodialysis. It is aimed at removing toxic products of the breakdown of analgin from the bloodstream by an extrarenal method;
• Preparations. Medications that support the basic functions of the body can be used - anticonvulsants (Relanium), "fast" barbiturates, antihypotensives, antiemetics, and so on. As an addition - laxatives that activate the elimination of toxins through defecation;
• Complementary Therapy. It is used at a late stage of treatment - hepatoprotectors, antibiotics (with the manifestation of secondary bacterial infections), glucocorticosteroids (neutralization of too strong an inflammatory process), antihistamines (fight against allergic manifestations), probiotics and prebiotics (restoration of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract), droppers with saline and glucose, as well as physiotherapy.

Consequences of an overdose of analgin and complications

An overdose of analgin tablets can cause a number of both acute and chronic complications, as well as long-term consequences for the body, requiring additional complex therapy and recovery. Possible consequences:

• Urinary system. Oliguria, anuria, interstitial nephritis, as well as impaired functioning of the kidneys and liver, up to their complete insufficiency in the stage of decompensation, are diagnosed;
• Allergic and autoimmune reactions. The most common manifestations are urticaria and angioedema. Less often - Lyell's syndrome, malignant type of exudative erythrema, bronchospastic syndrome and anaphylactic shock;
• The cardiovascular system. Persistent decrease in blood pressure, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hemorrhages in the heart and other organs (brain, intestines, kidneys, etc.);
• Chronic infectious lesions of the secondary type;
• Lethal outcome after an overdose of analgin;
• Other explicit and implicit complications caused by systemic intoxication, violation of basic functions in the acute period (for example, breathing) and malfunction of metabolic processes.

Dosage of analgin for adults and children

Consider how many tablets of analgin can be drunk at a time. Classical recommended dosages of the drug depending on the age group:

• From 10 to 14 years old with a body-kilogram weight. Single dose of 500 milligrams of metamizole sodium (or 1 tablet). Daily dose - up to 2 thousand milligrams of analgin (or 4 tablets);
• From 15 years and older with a body weight of over 53 kilograms. A single dose is from 500 to 1 thousand milligrams (1-2 tablets). Daily dose - up to 4 thousand milligrams (8 tablets);
• Over 60 years old. The dosage for adults is reduced by 2 times.

Is it possible to die from analgin? The lethal dose of analgin in tablets varies over a very wide range and depends on the characteristics of human metabolism, the presence of a number of diseases, the current state of the organs (in particular the kidneys and liver), the presence of parallel intake of other medications, route of drug administration and other factors.

As modern medical practice shows, a high probability of death in the absence of prompt correct first aid and complex intensive care in a hospital occurs with a single use of 5-20 grams of metamizole sodium.

Can I take expired analgin?

Generally accepted medical rules prohibit the use of any medications after the expiration date of their validity - they are subject to disposal in the prescribed manner. Given the low cost of the drug, it is better to throw away the expired tablets or ampoules, replacing them with new ones purchased from the official pharmacy chain.

However, in some cases (for example, the need for the most urgent administration of the drug into the body or the presence of a person in a hard-to-reach place without the possibility of acquiring the drug), the use of expired analgin may be justified.

As shows clinical practice, with careful observance of the storage conditions (dark place, complete isolation and tightness of the package, correct temperature storage), metamizole sodium, after the expiration of the period recommended by GOSTs, retains its therapeutic properties for another 6-8 years. Moreover, in the process of oxidation and destruction of a substance during its very long storage, no obvious toxic compounds are formed.

After all, prescribing certain drugs, the doctor expects that they will be used correctly.

Rule 1. The multiplicity is our everything

When prescribing pills several times a day, most doctors have in mind a day - not the hours that we are usually awake, but all 24. Because the heart, liver and kidneys work around the clock, and therefore microbes work without a break for lunch and sleep. Therefore, the intake of tablets should be divided as evenly as possible, this is especially true for antimicrobial agents.

That is, with a double dose, the interval between taking each dosage should be 12 hours, three times - 8, four times - 6. True, this does not mean that patients should jump out of bed every night. There are not so many drugs, the accuracy of which is calculated per minute, and they are usually prescribed not in tablet form. But nevertheless, 2, 3, 4 times a day is not when it is convenient for the patient (“now and in an hour, because I forgot to drink in the morning”), but at certain intervals. In order to avoid interpretation when taking a double dose, for example, it is justified to prescribe a specific time for taking a pill: 8:00 and 20:00 or 10:00 and 22:00. And the patient is more comfortable, and it is impossible to understand in two ways.

Rule 2. Compliance, or adherence to acceptance

With short courses of tablets, things are more or less normal: we usually do not forget to drink them for a couple of days. With long courses it's worse. Because we are in a hurry, because stress, because it just flew out of my head. There is another side of the coin: sometimes people mechanically, half asleep, drink the medicine, and then forget about it and take more. And it's good if it's not a potent drug.

Among doctors, before complaining about this to patients, they suggest conducting an experiment on yourself: take a jar of dark glass with 60 harmless tablets (glucose, calcium gluconate, etc.) and take one daily. There were a lot of experimenters, but those who after two months did not have from 2 to 5-6 “extra” tablets left were few.

Everyone chooses ways to deal with such “sclerosis” for themselves: someone puts medicines in a conspicuous place, ticks on the calendar help pedants, and especially forgetful ones - alarm clocks, reminders for mobile phone etc. Pharmaceutical firms even produce special calendars where you can mark each appointment. Not so long ago (although, as usual, not in Russia), hybrids of an alarm clock and a mini-first-aid kit appeared, ringing and giving out a pill at a certain time.

Rule 3. Before or after a meal is important

According to the relationship with meals, all tablets are divided into groups: “do not care”, “before”, “after” and “during meals”. Moreover, in the mind of the doctor, the patient eats strictly according to the schedule, does not have a snack during breaks and does not drive teas. But in the mind of the patient, an apple, a banana and a candy are not food, but food is borscht with a cutlet and compote with pies. Unfortunately, these beliefs also contribute to misuse of medications.

"Before meals". For starters, it's good to understand what the doctor means when he says "take 30 minutes before meals." Does this mean that after taking the pill you need to eat thoroughly, or is it just the medicine taken on an empty stomach?

In most cases, when prescribing medications “before meals”, the doctor means:

• that you did not eat anything (nothing at all!) before taking the pill;
• that at least for the specified period after taking the medicine, you will also not eat anything.

That is, this tablet should go into an empty stomach, where it will not interfere with gastric juice, food components, etc. From my own experience, I can say that I have to explain this many times. Because, for example, the active ingredients of macrolide preparations are destroyed by an acidic environment. In this case, eating a candy or drinking a glass of juice two hours before taking the medicine or one hour after can drastically affect the result of treatment. The same applies to many other drugs, and the point is not only in the gastric juice, but also in the timing of the drug from the stomach to the intestines, absorption disorders, and simply in the chemical reaction of the components of the drug with food.

There are, of course, exceptions to this rule, when you need to eat exactly at the specified time after taking. For example, with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or endocrinopathies. Therefore, for your own convenience, it is better to clarify what exactly the doctor had in mind when prescribing the drug “before meals”.

"During the meal": everything is clear here. Just again, specify what to do and how much to eat with a pill, especially if your meals are organized according to the “Monday-Wednesday-Friday” principle.

“After eating” a significantly smaller amount of drugs is taken. As a rule, these include agents that irritate the gastric mucosa or contribute to the normalization of digestion. "Food" in this case often does not mean a change of three meals, especially if the drug needs to be taken 4-5-6 times a day. Some limited amount of food will suffice.

Rule 4. Not all pills can be taken together

Most tablets should be taken separately, unless the "bulk lot" is agreed with the doctor separately. This is not very convenient, but it is impossible to conduct studies on the interaction of all drugs in the world, and swallowing pills with a handful, it is easy to get an unpredictable effect already at the initial stage. Unless otherwise specified, at least 30 minutes should elapse between taking different drugs.

Now about compatibility. Often, patients like to bring their own creativity to the treatment. For example, “I am taking the medicine prescribed by the doctor, and since it is probably harmful, it’s not bad to drink more and vitamins or something else at the same time». And the fact that vitamins can neutralize the medicine or lead to unpredictable consequences while taking the main drug is not taken into account.

Hepatorrotectors, vitamins, combined remedies for colds and herbs, recommended by a beloved grandmother, can be taken during treatment only after consulting with your doctor first. If you are being treated by several specialists for different reasons, they should be aware of each other's appointments.

Rule 5. Not all pills have fractional dosages.

Tablets are different for tablets, and not all of them can be broken to be divided into several doses. Moreover, some tablets are coated, damaging which can affect the properties of the drug. Therefore, the absence of a “separating strip” should alert - most often such a pill cannot be divided. Yes, and dosages of one-fourth or even one-eighth of the tablets also raise questions - it is almost impossible to measure correctly in such cases. If such an appointment was made by a doctor, you can ask him what this is fraught with. Well, we won’t even talk about self-treatment once again.

Rule 6. Medicines, with rare exceptions, are washed down only with water.

Not tea, coffee, not juice, not, God forbid, sweet soda, but personalized water - the most ordinary and non-carbonated. There are even separate studies devoted to this issue.

True, there are certain groups of drugs that are washed down with acidic drinks, milk, alkaline mineral water and other separately specified drinks. But these are exceptions, and they will definitely be mentioned at the appointment and in the instructions.

Rule 7

Direct prohibitions, as well as indications of special ways of using them, appear for a reason. A chewable or suckable tablet that you swallow whole will take a different time to work or not work at all.

The form of release of the drug is also not chosen by chance. If the tablet has a special coating, it should not be crushed, broken or cracked. Because this coating protects something from something: active substance tablets from stomach acids, stomach from the active substance, esophagus or tooth enamel from damage, etc. The capsule form also says that the active substance should be absorbed only in the intestines and for a certain time. Therefore, you can open the capsules only as directed by a doctor, with an eye to the instructions.

Rule 8. There are special cases, but they must be evaluated by a doctor.

Different doctors have their own treatment regimens that have been tested over the years, and sometimes the dosage and method of using drugs may differ for different groups of patients. In the same way, if there are patient characteristics (comorbidities, individual reactions, etc.), the prescription can be adjusted specifically for this case. At the same time, the choice of the drug and the method of its use are influenced by factors that are not always obvious to a person without medical education factors. Therefore, if your grandfather with hypertension took the same drugs according to a different regimen prescribed by the world's best doctor, this is not a reason to drink them the same way. It is necessary to take pills, like any other medicines, without initiative, while absolutely any innovations not agreed with the doctor are superfluous.

Leonid Schebotansky, Olesya Sosnitskaya

Whether it is possible to drink tablets "handfuls"? And why?

It means that the doctor prescribed several different medicines and according to the rules for taking them, it turns out that you need to take several tablets at once, and they are taken 4-6 pieces each. Should I take it all at once or not?

Different tablets should be taken at different times, unless otherwise prescribed. That is, if the doctor prescribed pit tablets 3 times a day after meals, then you should drink it that way. He can prescribe one pill to drink before meals, others after meals, and others during meals. all this must be observed. If the doctor has not specified or written the time of taking the medicines, then they must be taken as written in the instructions attached to the tablets. For example, tablets such as aspirin, diclofenac should not be taken on an empty stomach, as you can spoil the stomach and get an ulcer. Some tablets should be taken half an hour before meals, as they must enter and be absorbed in the intestines to have the desired effect.

As for 4-6 tablets at a time, this is not much; earlier, with pulmonary tuberculosis, patients took Pask tablets one piece at a time

How to take medicine correctly?

Regardless of whether you drink an analgin tablet every six months or swallow a whole handful of pills three times a day, it is important to follow the rules for taking medications. After all, the quality of treatment and the absence of side effects depend on it. And often complaints that the medicine does not help are associated precisely with a violation of the rules for taking the drugs. Therefore, it is necessary not only to have a well-formed first-aid kit in the house (how to do this, the My Years website has already told), but also to take the prescribed medications correctly.

Taking medication: basic rules

According to statistics, no more than 20% of all patients take their medicines correctly, and the rest either forget about the doctor's recommendations or simply do not pay attention to them.

The instructions always write how often you need to take the drug. It is very desirable to drink medicines strictly by the hour, this allows you to maintain the desired concentration of the drug in the blood constantly. This is important for many drugs, for example, antihypertensives, antibiotics, hypoglycemic, hormonal.

If it is written that the tablets should be taken twice a day, then they mean a day, that is, the drug is needed every 12 hours. For example, at 8 am and evening.

An exception is made for immediate relief medicines: they are taken as needed, without any schedule.

For many drugs, the time of day is also important - this is due to the biorhythms of the body. Such features will also be written in the instructions or the doctor will tell you about it.

For example, antihistamines are taken in the evening. Painkillers are also taken in the evening, because at night the pain is always felt more strongly. Tonic drugs are drunk in the first half of the day, and sedatives in the second.

If there are several medicines and they need to be drunk at a certain time, then it is necessary to organize the process as conveniently as possible. A pill box will help out, where you can put all the necessary drugs by time and day of the week. You can also set an alarm or a reminder on your phone. This will help not only the elderly, because in the hustle and bustle of the day, anyone can forget about the necessary pill.

You can print out the medication schedule and hang it in a conspicuous place, not forgetting to mark the pill taken and the time.

By the way, recording the time of administration and dose is very helpful when it comes to drugs for immediate relief. For example, in the case of antihypertensive drugs, antipyretics and painkillers. This will protect against accidental overdose, because many of these drugs can only be taken after a certain amount of time. These records will also help doctors. If you had to call an ambulance, you can clearly tell the doctor when and what you took.

If there are a lot of medicines and you need to drink them several times a day, it makes sense to buy a convenient pillbox

What to do if you forgot to take your medicine on time?

If a little time has passed, then just drink the drug. And if the time for the next dose is already approaching, then wait for it and drink the usual dose. Never take a double dose of a medicine instead of a missed one!

3. No "drug cocktails"

This applies to those who are forced to take several medications at the same time. Often this happens in the presence of some chronic diseases.

How to proceed in this case? Of course, it is easier to swallow all the pills in one fell swoop, but this cannot be done. Each drug is taken separately with an interval of 30 minutes.

If you are taking adsorbents, for example, polysorb, enterosgel, activated charcoal, smectite, and the like, then you must definitely take a break between this drug and other drugs, otherwise the sorbent will bind and remove the drug from the body. This is always written in the instructions. Usually it is recommended to wait from 30 minutes to 1.5 hours.

Medicines are always in the form that contributes to their best assimilation. Therefore, if the instructions say “chew”, “grind” or “put under the tongue until completely dissolved”, you need to do just that. For example, it is better to chew or crush ordinary aspirin, so it will quickly enter the bloodstream and injure the stomach less.

Lozenges should not be swallowed or swallowed.

Coated tablets should not be crushed as the coating protects the contents from gastric juices.

Capsules are also not opened, since the gelatin shell ensures the safety of the drug and its prolonged action.

Naturally, effervescent tablets must be dissolved in water, and use the amount indicated in the instructions.

Tablets that can be divided are equipped with special notches.

Do not swallow tablets while lying down - this can lead to nausea, vomiting or heartburn.

Yes, it does matter. There are several reasons for this: some of the drugs irritate the gastric mucosa and, taking them on an empty stomach, you can give yourself gastritis or an ulcer. Another reason: the degree of assimilation of the drug. The contents of the stomach can greatly reduce the effectiveness of the pill drunk.

And the interaction of drugs with different foods and drinks is a separate topic for conversation.

Not all medications are associated with food intake. If the doctor has not given special instructions, then it is better to drink the medicine half an hour before meals, then the degree of absorption will be high.

Many people wonder what it means: before, after and during meals.

Before meals - usually up to 30 minutes before meals

After eating - after a maximum of 60 minutes

On an empty stomach - minutes before meals

If the medication schedule does not coincide with the diet, and the drug needs to be taken after or during meals, this is solved simply: you can drink kefir, yogurt, milk, eat something small. The main thing is that the medicine does not get into an empty stomach.

General recommendation: it is most reliable to drink any tablets with water, and clean. For example, boiled, settled or filtered. There are exceptions to these rules, but they are usually written in the annotations to the drug and the doctor can also say about it.

All about medicine

popular about medicine and health

Any medications should be taken only as prescribed by a doctor. But even with the right appointment, you need to know how to take pills correctly, understand general rules taking medications.

First of all, you need to remember that it is recommended to take different tablets separately, at least with a short break, and not all at once, in a handful. The fact is that taken all at once, they can not only act worse, but also have an undesirable effect.

The drugs must be compatible. If a different drugs appoints one doctor, he will certainly take care that they do not oppose each other. But if, for example, the therapist prescribed you one medication, the neurologist - others, and the endocrinologist - the third, then by all means go back to the therapist or consult a pharmacist who will explain how to take the pills correctly. It is possible that some drugs will have to be replaced with safe alternatives.

Do not rely on a quick result and do not increase the dose of the drug yourself without waiting for the desired effect. Most tablets begin to act within minutes.

Do not take medication lying down. They can linger in the esophagus, and this will cause heartburn, nausea and vomiting.

Do not chew medicines in the form of capsules. A shell of gelatin, agar or other substances ensures the delivery of the drug to the stomach, where it dissolves without a trace. In addition, many capsules are long-acting drugs that do not need to be taken several times a day. The shell provides a graceful release of the contents and cannot be corrupted.

For many medicines, it matters when they are taken - before or after meals. Usually the doctor who prescribes the drug specifies the time of admission. In the package with tablets there is an instruction that indicates the time of taking the drug, how to take the pills correctly. Here are examples of taking some medications.

Acetylsalicylic acid and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

These medicines should only be taken after meals. Soluble tablets should not be swallowed whole, but dissolved in the amount of water indicated in the instructions, ordinary tablets should be crushed or chewed and washed down with milk or mineral water without gas - then they enter the blood faster and do not irritate the mucous membranes. If the amount of liquid is not indicated, remember that one tablet should be taken with at least half a glass of water.

It is better to drink these drugs only with water, and not with milk or tea with milk. Calcium, which is contained in milk, reacts with an antibiotic (especially with tetracycline) and forms sparingly soluble compounds.

Drink a glass of mineral water without gas. These drugs often cause kidney problems, and alkaline drinking eliminates this problem.

Take under the tongue, dissolve until completely dissolved, without drinking anything.

These tablets should not be taken with any kind of tea, coffee, cocoa, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola. If this is not done, hyperactivity and insomnia appear, since contraceptives reduce the body's ability to break down caffeine. It is best to drink them with plain water.

Clean water at room temperature or table mineral water without gas - the best liquid for drinking most tablets. But there are lovers of taking drugs with something tasty. For them, special recommendations.

First of all, remember that in an acidic environment, most drugs lose their properties or they are significantly weakened. So take the pills sour juices not worth it.

Grapefruit juice is not compatible with cholesterol-lowering drugs, immunosuppressants, erythromycin, oral contraceptives, some anticancer drugs, Viagra and its analogues. In addition to all of the above, grapefruit juice reduces the effect of antibiotics and does not remove drugs from the body, as a result of which an overdose often develops.

Cranberry juice is not compatible with anticoagulants; gastrointestinal bleeding may occur if taken simultaneously.

In the instructions for most drugs there is a warning about incompatibility with alcohol. Don't try to ignore it. Association of alcohol with antihistamines, insulin, tranquilizers and antihypertensives, leads to an increase in drowsiness. Antibiotics with alcohol cause a rush of blood to the head, dizziness, nausea. Nitroglycerin under the influence of alcohol changes its action and does not provide the necessary reduction in pain in the heart. Antipyretic tablets, together with alcohol, give a strong blow to the gastric mucosa.

Regarding how to take the pills correctly depending on the time of the meal. Enzyme preparations that improve digestion, such as the popular mezim, should be taken directly with meals.

Spicy foods and citrus fruits should not be taken one hour before and after taking the tablets, so as not to irritate the stomach and intestines.

Antidepressants are best taken with a diet free of cheese, soy sauce, yeast, caviar, and avocado. Otherwise, you will be guaranteed severe drowsiness and high blood pressure for the whole day.

Hormonal preparations require an indispensable intake with protein foods.

Knowing how to take pills correctly, you can help your health, improve the health of loved ones.

How to take multiple pills

When you leave a therapist who has just prescribed you a course of treatment that includes several drugs, don't you completely forget about how and when to take them? If you forgot, you are not alone. Most of them are. Result: drugs do not help and even harm. If you want the pills to bring health benefits, take them correctly.

1. Take different tablets separately, and not all at once at one time. This way you will avoid many side effects.

2. Check drugs for compatibility. For example, if the therapist prescribed you one drug, the urologist another, the cardiologist the third, and the gastroenterologist the fourth, be sure to return to the therapist again or seek the advice of a pharmacist. So you prevent their contradictory interaction by replacing the medicine with a safe analogue.

3. Do not expect instant results from drugs and do not take a double dose without waiting. Most tablets begin to act within minutes.

4. Do not swallow medicines lying down. Otherwise, they may begin to decompose in the esophagus, leading to heartburn, nausea, and vomiting.

5. Do not chew or twist capsule preparations. The gelatin shell ensures the "delivery" of the drug to its intended purpose - to the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, many of the capsules are so-called prolonged action agents that no longer need to be taken several times a day. The shell provides a slow release of the drug, and it must not be damaged.

Precautions for each drug

Aspirin. This medicine should only be taken after meals. Dip a soluble tablet in exactly the amount of water indicated in the insert, and it is better to crush or chew an ordinary tablet and drink it with milk or mineral water: then it will quickly enter the bloodstream and will not unnecessarily irritate the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract.

Sulfonamides. They should be washed down with a glass of mineral water. These drugs often cause problems with the kidneys, and drinking plenty of alkaline water will get rid of the problems.

Oral contraceptives. These pills can not be washed down with tea, coffee, Coca-Cola. If this recommendation is not followed, hyperactivity and insomnia appear, since contraceptives reduce the body's ability to break down caffeine.

Antibiotics. They should be taken half an hour before meals. And it is better to drink them with water, not milk, since the calcium contained in milk reacts with antibiotics (especially tetracycline) and forms sparingly soluble compounds.

Nitroglycerin, glycine. They must be dissolved without drinking anything.

How to take pills

Boiled water at room temperature is the best drink for most tablets.

Grapefruit juice. It cannot be combined with cholesterol-lowering drugs, immunosuppressants, erythromycin, oral contraceptives, some anticancer drugs, Viagra (and its analogues). Grapefruit juice does not remove drugs from the body. The result is an overdose.

Cranberry juice. It is not compatible with anticoagulants - drugs that reduce blood clotting. Otherwise, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract may open.

Alcohol. In the annotation to many tablets, a warning is given about incompatibility with alcohol. So, the combination of alcohol with antihistamines, insulin, tranquilizers and pills that lower blood pressure, will lead to increased drowsiness, which is especially dangerous for motorists. Antibiotics, when mixed with alcohol, will cause flushing of the head, dizziness, and nausea. Nitroglycerin under the influence of alcohol changes its effect and will not bring much-needed relief to the heart. Antipyretic tablets, coupled with alcohol, will cause a massive blow to the mucous membranes of the stomach.

How to take medication

Enzyme preparations that improve digestion should be swallowed directly with meals.

Do not mix aspirin with spicy foods and citrus fruits an hour before and after taking the tablets, so as not to irritate the stomach and intestines.

Antidepressants are best taken with a diet that excludes foods such as: cheese, yeast, soy sauce, fish caviar, avocado. Otherwise, severe drowsiness and high blood pressure will ruin your day.

Hormonal preparations require mandatory neighborhood with protein foods. Vitamins require fats for good absorption.

Drugs that regulate digestion, on the contrary, with fatty foods do not match.

Medication time

Heart remedies and asthma medications are taken closer to midnight.

Ulcer medicines - early in the morning and late in the evening to prevent hunger pains.

Of course, you yourself are well aware of all this. But ... forgot. Print this leaflet if you are constantly taking any medication for a chronic illness. And don't bother remembering.

How to take pills correctly

What does it mean - "to drink" pills correctly? This means - take them as indicated in the attached instructions. The same recommendations are given by the doctor when prescribing medications. Failure to follow these instructions can lead to the fact that the tablets will not have a therapeutic effect or even harm the body.

When taking medication, you need to pay attention to the following points:

Relationship of medication with food intake;

The possibility of "fractional" dosages;

Drinking liquid;

Medicines should be taken by the patient at regular intervals. If the doctor has prescribed taking pills 2 times a day, then the interval between doses should be 12 hours; 3 times a day - 8 hours, 4 times a day - 6 hours. Those. medication should be distributed evenly throughout the day, and not just during the waking period. This is especially true when taking antibiotics.

Relationship between medication and food intake

Some tablets can be taken with or without food; it is very convenient for the patient. But, unfortunately, there are not so many such tablets.

The medicine prescribed "before meals" should be drunk on an empty stomach or at least 4 hours after the previous meal. The stomach should be free from food and from gastric juice, because. in an acidic environment, these drugs are simply destroyed.

Taking the medicine "with meals" is simple and clear.

"After eating" tablets are prescribed that normalize digestion or irritate the gastric mucosa.

By the way, even a small amount of food (an apple, a banana, a glass of compote) is considered “food”, and not necessarily a full meal. Breakfast or dinner.

If you are prescribed several medications at the same time, you need to ask your doctor if you can take all these pills at once or take some kind of break between taking them. The interaction of drugs with each other has not been studied for all drugs, and if the doctor did not allow you to drink all the prescribed tablets at once, “a handful,” then you need to wait half an hour between taking different drugs.

Possibility of "fractional" dosages

Sometimes it is cheaper for a patient to buy tablets of a larger dosage than he is prescribed, and take them, breaking them into 2 or even 4 parts. But this is not possible with all pills. Coated tablets cannot be crushed at all. If the tablet has a separating strip, such a tablet can be broken. The absence of such a strip is no guarantee that by breaking the pill you will get the right dose.

Drinking liquid

Drinking tablets, with rare exceptions, can only be boiled water at room temperature. Neither tea, nor coffee, nor juice are suitable for drinking medicines.

Some medicines need to be taken with alkaline mineral water, milk or acidic drinks, but these are exceptions and are always written about in the instructions.

Some pills need to be chewed, they are called - " chewable tablets". There are tablets that need to be dissolved in the mouth. Medicines in the form of dragees should be swallowed whole, without biting. These instructions must be followed, otherwise therapeutic effect pills will not provide or will provide much later.

Follow the doctor's prescriptions and carefully read the instructions that come with the medicines - then you will drink the pills correctly.

MEDIMARI

"Your health is in your hands"

How to take pills correctly

Since childhood, we have associated the treatment of ailments with taking pills. Most of the time, we don't think much about them. Appointed by a doctor, drank the course, recovered and forgot. But as we get older, we use them more and more. And then we realize that medicines not only cure, but also “cripple”. But, unfortunately, you can't do without them. It's time to find out if there are subtleties in the order of taking various medications. We are interested in questions:

1. What time of day is best to take the tablets?
2. What does it mean to "drink on an empty stomach, during or after a meal"?
3. How does the tablet prescribed to us interact with food, with other medicines?

There are no exact and detailed answers to these questions in the annotations of medicines, with rare exceptions. Yes, and many doctors who prescribe treatment usually forget to talk about the features of taking certain pills.

Pharmaceutical companies are not required to specify such nuances, and doctors only find out about this if there are any emergencies and only then can they warn the patient to be careful, for example, do not drink juices, especially citrus fruits, with medicines.

Features of drug interactions

In patients with chronic diseases often a problem arises due to prescriptions of medicines by doctors of different profiles. For example, the therapist prescribed aspirin, and the neurologist prescribed Nurofen. Both of these drugs are from the same anti-inflammatory group of NSAIDs. Taking both of these tablets, we get an excess of the amount of active substance. Therefore, you need to tell each doctor what medications you are taking now so that he can take into account their interaction and calculate the dose.

• Tip: Write on a piece of paper the names and doses of the medicines you take regularly, as well as the medicines to which you are allergic. This is necessary in order not to make mistakes in the names and not to forget anything.

And do not be lazy, although it is difficult to see the fine print of the annotations, arm yourself with a magnifying glass and read it. Especially pay attention to the sections called "Composition" and "Interaction with drugs", "Use" and "Contraindications". If the medicines you are taking contain the same ingredients, then there is a threat of doubling the dose.

It should be borne in mind that many drugs interact poorly with dairy, fatty foods, pickles, marinade, and chocolate.

The following drugs are considered unpredictable in combination with other substances:

• Antibiotics
• Antifungal
• Antiallergic
• sleeping pills
• Antidepressants
• Paracetamol
• Statins
• Non-steroidal (diclofenac, cyclosporine)
• Anticoagulants (warfarin)

Usually tablets are washed down with water, but there are exceptions, which are necessarily mentioned in the annotation. Some drugs are washed down with milk, acidic drinks, alkaline mineral water.

Water-soluble B vitamins and vitamin C are taken either before meals or with meals. Fat-soluble vitamins such as D, A, K, E - after meals. Vitamin complexes are taken immediately after meals.

Blood pressure medications are best taken before bed.

Aspirin hearts are taken in the evening, so it is at night that blood clots in the vessels are most likely to occur.

Preparations for arthritis and arthrosis are taken during the day, as usually the pain syndrome intensifies in the evening.

• Wash down pills with grapefruit juice, it causes an overdose of drugs
• Take medicine with hot drinks
• Alcohol and drugs are not compatible, especially paracetamol and cardiac glycosides
• Tea inhibits the absorption of iron. It has an effect on papaverine, aminophylline, caffeine, heart drugs.
• Coffee and acid-reducing drugs and some antibiotics can cause seizures
• Antibiotics of the tetracycline series can not only be washed down with milk, but it is even better to exclude it from the diet for the duration of treatment
• You can not drink vitamins and enzymes at the same time
• Herbal preparations are medicines. They either increase or decrease the effect of the tablets. Need a doctor's consultation.
• If the tablet does not have a separating strip, then it is wrong to reduce its dose by breaking it. Some tablets have a coating that affects the properties of drugs, protects the stomach, esophagus, tooth enamel from the active substance or, conversely, the active substance from gastric juice. Yes, and it is simply impossible to accurately observe a lower dosage. Capsules show that the active substance must enter the intestines without affecting other internal organs.
• If you miss a scheduled dose, do not take a double dose.

Medication Rules

1. If you do not know about the interaction of the drugs prescribed to you, then it is better to take them separately, at least with an interval of 20-30 minutes.
2. Antimicrobial, antibacterial, hormonal and cardiac drugs are taken strictly at regular intervals.
3. If it is prescribed once a day, then we mean a day. That is, the medicine must be taken every 24 hours. If 2 times a day, then every 12 hours. If 3 times a day, then after 8.
4. To be sure you have taken a pill or not, it is convenient to use:
   • Organizer boxes or pillboxes;
   • set an alarm (reminder) on your phone;
   • start a calendar with a checklist, similar to that kept by nurses in hospitals, and put a tick in front of the name of the pill you have taken

"On an empty stomach, before, during, after a meal" - what does it mean

The concepts of "fasting" and "before eating" most often mean that at the moment there should be no food in the stomach, while the acidity of the gastric juice is low and the gastric juice does not interfere with the action of the medicine. This applies not only to a full breakfast or lunch, but also neither an apple, nor a candy, nor juice should be eaten. Usually, cardiac antiarrhythmic drugs, antiulcer drugs, antacids, and others are taken at this time.

If the medicine needs to be taken “with meals”, then it is understood that you have an organized diet. And it is better if you ask your doctor when it is better to take this medicine: during breakfast, lunch or dinner. And specify what food should not be in the diet while taking the pill. Usually enzymes, laxatives, some diuretics are taken during meals.

"After eating" tablets are prescribed that irritate the gastric mucosa. These are diuretics, anti-inflammatory, cardiac glycosides, sulfonamides, bile-containing.

1. The medicine is best taken one hour before or after a meal.
2. drink only clean non-carbonated water at room temperature, in a standing, sitting or half-sitting position
3. for one tablet you need at least half a glass of water
4. dragees drink and do not bite
5. chewable tablets should be chewed without drinking
6. sucking tablets do not need to be swallowed, their therapeutic effect is associated with resorption of the tablet
7. dissolvable tablets - dissolve in water
8. funds emergency assistance taken without schedule
9. homeopathic medicines are taken separately from other medicines. During their intake, marinades, alcohol, tea and coffee should be excluded from the diet.
10. erythromycin, aspirin is better to drink alkaline mineral water
11. indomethacin, diclofenac, nurofen washed down with milk

It should not be forgotten that experienced doctors have proven treatment regimens and apply them exclusively to each patient, taking into account his individual characteristics. That's why the best option, when the doctor explains the features of prescribing and taking certain drugs, but the patient can also clarify the correctness of the doctor's prescription. Feel free to write down the doctor's recommendations. Read annotations to medicines. If not clear, please clarify. Your health depends on it.

On the pages of the MEDIMARI website you will find a lot of interesting and useful things. I suggest you look at the page: "Site map"

4 comments

When you have to go to the doctor because of ailments, then this is already a fact of non-compliance with the requirements healthy lifestyle life. Unfortunately, the number of patients in queues to doctors is not decreasing, and the advice from the proposed article on how to take pills is exactly what this category of citizens needs. Very much requested information. Thank you.

Thank you very much for such important details. And then after all, sometimes in a hurry than you just do not drink it down.

Lots of useful tips and observations! A particularly correct thought is “for one tablet you need at least half a glass of water” - only most do not adhere to it, they are so unaccustomed to drinking plain water that a handful of tablets are washed down with one or two sips of water, just to slip into the stomach, but this is wrong!

The main thing is to follow the rules prescribed by the doctor. Drink plenty of water and fruit drinks. Be healthy!

How to take pills correctly so that they work?

Often in the annotation to the medicine you can read “take after meals” or “half an hour before meals”, or there are no recommendations at all in the instructions. In addition, the doctor gives advice when he prescribes the drug - drink it twice or thrice a day, or once, at night, etc. Why do these instructions, what do they change in the action of the tablets, do they need to be strictly observed or is it not important ? Does food, time of day, and sleep affect how drugs work? Let's figure it out.

Proper tablet intake

The basic rule for taking any pills is the frequency of their use. When a doctor prescribes taking drugs several times a day, most specialists mean the whole day as a whole, and not the time of wakefulness, which is approximately hours (minus the time that the patient spends in sleep from the day).

This is due to the fact that, despite the patient's sleep, his body continues to work - the heart contracts, the liver actively processes drugs, and the kidneys excrete their residues in the urine. Accordingly, microbes or viruses also attack the body around the clock, and diseases do not go to sleep with their host. Therefore, it is important to evenly distribute the intake of tablets at equal time intervals (if possible), especially if they are antiviral drugs, antibiotics, or some other means.

Accordingly, if the tablets need to be taken twice a day, the interval between their use should be approximately equal to 12 hours. That is, they can be accepted, for example, at 8.00 and 20.00. If this is a three-time appointment, the interval is reduced to 8 hours, you can make a schedule like this - 6.00, 14.00 and 20.00.

Fluctuations in the interval of taking the drug at 1-2 hours are acceptable, and it is not necessary to jump up on the alarm clock an hour earlier than expected to take the pill, you can adjust the schedule for yourself. However, taking three times a day does not mean chaotic use - without observing time intervals, as it is convenient for the patient if he forgot to take the drug on time. That is, you can not take the drug in the morning, then in the evening and two pills at once, after waiting 2-3 hours, because there was no time at work during the day. To avoid confusion, many experts indicate the approximate time of taking the medicine when prescribing it.

Full compliance with the duration of medication

It is often easier to follow short courses of drugs. Usually the first few days the patient is more pedantic about his treatment, especially if he is not feeling well. But, as it becomes easier, or if the course is long, the pills are drunk less and less responsibly - and this is very bad! Often, rush, stress, or forgetfulness is the reason for missing or stopping medications. This leads to the fact that the treatment does not give the expected effect due to its incomplete course. There is another option: people take pills half asleep or forget that they have already taken them, and then repeat the dose, already superfluous. If the drug has strong effects, this can end sadly.

To combat this problem, various options are offered: placing the pills in a conspicuous place, a schedule on the wall with checkmarks when taking pills, reminders on the phone or alarm clocks. So, for oral contraceptives, manufacturers have long begun to mark the days of the week or the dates of the month on the blister itself so that women do not forget to take the pill. There are also mobile applications that help to follow the treatment schedule. And recently hybrids have appeared - an alarm clock-a first-aid kit, programmable and giving out a portion of the drug on a bell.

Relationship with nutrition: before meals or after?

Human nutrition can significantly affect the activity of drugs and the rate of their absorption from the intestine into the blood. If we divide all drugs in relation to their relationship with nutrition, there are several groups:

• Means that do not depend on meals,
• Drugs that must be taken strictly before meals,
• Medicines taken after meals
• Drugs taken with food.

In addition, according to the patient's assumption, nutrition refers to regular meals in the form of breakfast, which is then followed by a full lunch and the same dinner. However, doctors say that frequent and incomplete snacking is also a meal, even a banana, tea with biscuits or yogurt eaten is nutrition. But, according to the patient, they are not considered normal meals. This means that taking medications without taking into account these snacks, but only the main meals, will be wrong from the point of view of the full assimilation of drugs.

Specificity of drugs in connection with nutrition

Preparations that require taking “before meals” suggest that when you take the pill you are hungry, have not eaten anything at all, and you will not eat anything for the period specified in the instructions (usually 30 minutes). Thus, the drug enters the empty stomach, in which it will not interfere with food components mixed with gastric juice. This is due to the fact that the activity of drugs, if the patient allows himself just one candy or a glass of juice, can be disturbed almost to zero, absorption in the intestine will suffer, or the drug will simply collapse.

There are exceptions to the rule, especially in the treatment of digestive disorders or endocrine pathologies. Therefore, you always need to check with the doctor how the remedy is taken correctly - strictly on an empty stomach or after waiting a couple of hours after you have eaten.

With drugs from the “during meals” group, it is most understandable, although it is worth checking with the doctor how dense the meal should be and what components the meal should consist of, especially if you have it extremely irregular.

Taking drugs "after a meal" is rare. Usually these are means for the normalization of digestive functions, stimulating the separation of gastric juice or some others. It is also important to clarify with the doctor what is meant by nutrition in this case - any snacks or a plentiful, hearty meal.

The easiest way is with drugs that do not depend on food intake in any way, for them only the time interval for taking is set.