Hormonal after 40 years. Birth control pills for a woman in her forties

It is known that after 40 years due to hormonal changes the reproductive function of women begins to gradually fade away. Despite the fact that the probability of pregnancy at this age is significantly reduced, it still remains quite possible, and its interruption, if undesirable, is fraught with serious consequences and hormonal disorders. In this regard, the problem of reliable contraception does not lose its relevance. For women over 40 years of age, the choice of contraceptives is complicated by chronic diseases and an increased risk of side effects.

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Features of contraception after 40

After 40 years, a period of premenopause begins in the female body - the beginning of the natural physiological extinction of the reproductive function. The ovaries produce less sex hormones, the number of ovulations and the frequency of menstruation are reduced. Nevertheless, according to statistics, almost 80% of women aged 40 to 43 are capable of conceiving and bearing a child.

Hormonal changes in this age period lead to the development of osteoporosis, weight gain, hair loss, skin aging, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, slow metabolism, imbalance of the vaginal microflora and other abnormalities.

birth control pills;
condoms;
intrauterine devices;
spermicides;
hormonal rings, patches, implants;
surgical sterilization.

Given that the body is no longer so young, there may be health problems in which certain contraceptives are contraindicated. The choice of a specific method of protection for a woman after 40 years of age should be carried out together with the gynecologist observing her. The doctor, based on the study of the anamnesis and a thorough examination, will select best option considering all potential risks. The chosen method should be effective, comfortable for a woman, taking into account her lifestyle, the nature of sexual relations and not pose a threat to health.

Birth control pills

Birth control pills, containing synthetic analogues of female sex hormones, are a fairly popular contraceptive among many representatives of the weaker sex. The mechanism of their action is associated with the inhibition of ovulation, an increase in the viscosity of cervical mucus and a change in the structure of the endometrium. On the shelves of pharmacies today you can find many such drugs that differ in dosage and composition of hormones. Of these, monophasic combined oral (COC) and progestin contraceptives (mini-pill) are considered relatively safe for women over 40 years of age.

The advantages of hormonal drugs include the fact that, in addition to the contraceptive effect, they have other indications:

render positive influence on the state skin, hair, nails;
used for the prevention and treatment of cysts, endometriosis, endometrial polyps, adenomyosis, fibroids and other pathological formations, including cancer, in the uterus and mammary glands;
reduce the likelihood of inflammation in the organs of the female reproductive system;
improve mineral metabolism contribute to the normalization of bone density and the prevention of osteoporosis;
normalize the menstrual cycle;
eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of PMS and perimenopause.

They are shown to women over 40 who have regular sex life with one partner. Contraceptive pills are considered the most reliable way to prevent unwanted pregnancy, their effectiveness is 99% for COCs and 95% for mini-pills. However, when using them, it is important to follow the instructions exactly. Depending on the specific drug, the tablets must be taken daily or for 21 days with a break of 7 days at the same time. Skipping or untimely reception significantly reduces the contraceptive effect.

Monophasic COCs

Monophasic COCs are preparations containing synthetic analogues of estrogen (ethinylestradiol) and progestogen (gestodene, dienogest, desogestrel, norgestrel, norethisterone, dydrogesterone and others) as active ingredients. Each tablet has the same constant dosage of estrogen and progestogen components.

The main contraindications for taking monophasic COCs include:

vein thrombosis lower extremities;
diseases of cardio-vascular system;
severe pathologies of the liver and kidneys;
metabolic disorders;
disease endocrine system;
malignant formations in the organs of the genitourinary system;
past heart attacks and strokes;
smoking.

For women over 40, low-dose ethinylestradiol 30 mcg (rigevidon, yarina, midiana, regulon, lindinet 30, silhouette) and microdose ethinylestradiol 20 mcg (novinet, lindinet 20, mersilon, jess) are recommended from monophasic COCs.

Gestagen contraceptives

Progestogen contraceptives contain only one hormone - progestogen in minimal dosages. They are considered less reliable in terms of contraception compared to COCs, since they do not suppress ovulation, but due to the lack of estrogen, they have more soft action on the body, have fewer contraindications and side effects. Their action is based on a change in the properties of cervical mucus, it becomes more viscous and thick and creates an obstacle for sperm on the way to the egg. Also, these drugs affect the inner lining of the uterus and make it unsuitable for the attachment of a fertilized egg.

Progestin preparations include charozetta, continuin, exluton, microlut, micronor and others. Unlike COCs, they are approved for use in the following situations:

period breastfeeding;
the presence of pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
increased blood clotting;
smoking.

These contraceptives after 40 years of age can be used by women for whom the use of COCs is unsafe due to their state of health and is fraught with serious complications.

Intrauterine devices

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are considered one of the most effective contraceptives after birth control pills. They can be ordinary (with copper or silver) and hormonal. An obstetrician-gynecologist installs such a device in the uterus for a period of 5 years or more, depending on the type of spiral. Within six months after setting the spiral, sometimes there are unpleasant or painful sensations in the lower abdomen and disorders menstrual cycle.

It is preferable for women after 40 to use hormonal IUDs, since regular ones often provoke additional growth of the endometrium and the formation of pathological formations in it. They are characterized by a higher degree of protection against unwanted pregnancy and virtually eliminate the possibility of ectopic pregnancy. Unlike conventional spirals, hormonal IUDs with progestogens, on the contrary, reduce the risk of endometrial hyperplastic processes that often occur in women over 40 years of age.

condoms

Condoms are a fairly popular contraceptive that can be used by couples of any age, including those over 40. Their significant advantage over other contraceptives is the absence of contraindications and negative effects on the body, as well as reliable protection against sexually transmitted infections.

Condoms should be used as a contraceptive for women who have many sexual partners and have an irregular sex life. Their disadvantages include possible discomfort during or after intercourse, decreased sensitivity and acuity in partners. Some are noted allergic reactions(most often in the form of itching and burning in the vagina) to latex, lubricant or flavorings used in the manufacture of condoms.

The degree of protection of condoms against unwanted pregnancy is somewhat lower than that of intrauterine devices and oral contraceptives. This is primarily due to the fact that poorly visible cracks can form on them, especially if the size does not match, misuse, expiration date, or improper storage conditions. Through microcracks, a small amount of spermatozoa can easily penetrate the vagina. In addition, they can tear and slip off during intercourse, which greatly increases the chances of getting pregnant.

Long-acting hormonal contraceptives

Apart from hormonal pills, there are long-acting hormonal contraceptives. Allowed after 40 include:

Vaginal hormonal ring (Nova Ring). It is a flexible elastic band made of hypoallergenic material containing minimal doses of ethinyl estradiol and etogestrel. After the introduction, it takes the form of a woman's body and does not cause her much discomfort. The effect of this contraceptive lasts for one menstrual cycle.
The transdermal patch (Evra) is a square-shaped patch containing minimal concentrations of the hormones ethinyl estradiol and norelgestromin. It is glued to the skin in the buttocks, abdomen, outer side of the upper part of the shoulder or the upper half of the torso. It should be used from the first day of menstruation for three weeks, then a break is made for 7 days and a new patch is glued.
Injectable drugs(Depo-Provera) contain the hormone of a number of gestagens medroxyprogesterone, are administered intramuscularly to women and have a contraceptive effect for 3 months.
Subcutaneous implants (Norplant) are silicone capsules with levonorgestrel. They are injected under the skin in the area inside forearms in the amount of 6 pieces. Manipulation is performed under local anesthesia. Capsules are a depot from which small doses of the hormone are secreted and absorbed into the blood every day. The duration of the contraceptive effect after their introduction is 5 years.

Despite the ease of use and the absence of the need to take daily pills, these drugs are quite expensive, some of them cause the same unwanted side effects as COCs.

Surgical methods

After the age of 40, one of the contraceptive methods sometimes offered to women is surgical sterilization. It consists in ligation, excision or laser coagulation of the fallopian tubes, which excludes in the future the possibility of a "meeting" of the spermatozoon with the egg. Before taking such a step, a woman should think it over well, since in the overwhelming majority of cases, a complete restoration of the childbearing function is impossible, the only option left is to give birth to a child using an expensive IVF procedure.

Sterilization is carried out by laparoscopy or abdominal surgery during repeated caesarean section in case the couple no longer wants to have children. This method is recommended for women who have serious gynecological or systemic diseases, in which a potential pregnancy poses significant risks to their health and even life. Regardless of the reasons, sterilization is carried out only after signing a written consent.

Video: Overview of existing contraceptives

Hormonal imbalance in the female body can lead to symptoms:

frequent illnesses;
mood swings;
insomnia;
depression;
headache;
irritability;
skin aging;
lack of sexual desire.

To get rid of these symptoms, you need to choose the right medication. To do this, you need to undergo diagnostics, including:

visiting a gynecologist;
deployed and biochemical analyzes blood;
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs, in order to detect tumors;
a smear for tumor markers in order to detect pathological cells;
a smear to determine the inflammatory processes of the genital organs and sexually transmitted diseases;
tests to study the work of the thyroid gland;
Ultrasound of the liver;
consultation with a mammologist;
a blood test to determine the amount of sex hormones.

The purpose of the survey is to identify contraindications for the use hormone therapy. There are several cases in which women over forty years of age should not use hormonal preparations:

liver disease, high risk of internal bleeding, thrombosis, oncology;
age over 60 years, as there is a high risk of side effects;
intolerance to hormonal drugs, poor digestibility of their components;
menopause occurred more than 10 years ago.

The most common therapy is with pills. They combine the 2 main hormones progesterone and estrogen. With their help
regulates the work of all systems of the female body from the genitals to the heart and blood vessels.

The most popular drugs

To adjust the number of basic female hormones, doctors prescribe one of the effective drugs. Examples of their names:

Estrofem is an excellent drug for the prevention of cardiovascular pathologies. It is made up of herbal ingredients. It is forbidden to take in the presence of diseases of the liver and kidneys.
Livial increases the level of parathyroid hormone. It affects the walls of blood vessels and bone tissue, a lack of a hormone in a woman's body, leads to hypertension and osteoporosis. It must be taken without interruption for 5 years, then you have to take a break for six months, after which it is permissible to repeat the course of therapy. It is forbidden during pregnancy, so it is prescribed to women who have already begun the menopause period.
Femoston belongs to universal preparations. Sometimes it is prescribed even to men who have problems with the functioning of the prostate. It is able to strengthen the walls of blood vessels and bone tissue, but at the same time causes digestive disorders. During therapy, a woman needs to be under constant medical supervision.
Kliogest is indicated for the prevention of osteoporosis and hypertension. When using it, the risk of hepatic colic, internal bleeding and headaches increases.
Klimonorm is useful after removal of the uterus and ovaries, but can be used in other cases. It is not a contraceptive, it is prohibited for stomach ulcers, hepatitis and diabetes.

As you can see from the list, each drug has its own side effects, contraindications and reasons for prescribing. Therefore, the choice should be approached responsibly. The medicine that improved your friend's condition may not be the right treatment for you.

What are phytoestrogens

If taking strong drugs is not needed, a woman is prescribed phytoestrogens. These drugs appeared after studying the properties of certain plants, from which hormones can be isolated in small doses. Phytoestrogens have several benefits:

smooth the symptoms of menopause;
help preserve the beauty of the skin: slow down the appearance of wrinkles and reduce the number of age spots;
stop inflammatory processes get rid of endometriosis;
relieve pain during menopause;
increase interest in sex.

One of the most famous drugs of this series is Qi-Klim. It is recommended for use in women over 45 years of age. It cannot be the basis of therapy, as it is not strong enough. It is recommended to drink it as a dietary supplement for the prevention of age-related changes. It is permissible to take this medicine along with contraceptives. Contraindications are malignant tumors.

Contraceptives after 40 years

Not all women go through menopause at 40. If the cycle has retained its regularity, then there is a high probability of an unwanted pregnancy, the first signs of which are often mistaken for menopause. Childbirth in women over 40 years of age is fraught with complications, so they are recommended to protect themselves with three-phase oral contraceptives. This group of drugs, as well as similar drugs, includes such tablets as:

Regulon normalizes the menstrual cycle, is effective in the treatment of cysts, protects against uterine fibroids.
Jess is a relatively small list side effects. It is effective for edema, as it is able to remove water from the body.
Silest makes the walls of the uterus softer. Its action is directed directly to the eggs.
Marvelon is a multifunctional contraceptive that reduces the rate of hair growth on the body, improves skin condition.
Femodene regulates the menstrual cycle, is indicated for women with anemia.

The selection of contraceptives also begins with a visit to the gynecologist. After 40 years, women are at high risk of developing complications. You should not buy for regular use at your own peril and risk the first contraceptive pills you like.

In women, unlike men, the body changes much more often and more intensively during life, especially with regard to hormonal changes. In addition, stress, malnutrition, and difficult working conditions have a negative impact on women's health. This leads to vitamin deficiency, accompanied by weakness and lethargy, deterioration of the hair, nail plates, and skin. To prevent the appearance of the above symptoms, women after 40 should normalize their diet and take vitamins.

In order not to make a mistake with the choice when buying multivitamins, you need to consider the following nuances:

Good drugs have a GMP mark - an international quality standard, which means that the drug has passed medical tests and is highly effective.
A quality product cannot be cheap.
The composition should contain not only vitamins, but also the most important mineral elements for the female body (iron, zinc, magnesium, selenium, calcium).

Substances important for the female body

Low immunity, problems with appearance, emotional instability - all these are signs of hypovitaminosis. For women over 40, the following vitamins are especially important.

Retinol (A). A powerful antioxidant that slows down skin aging and maintains visual acuity.
Calciferol (D). It is necessary for the construction of bone tissue, the normal functioning of the brain. Blocks the growth of malignant cells.
Tocopherol (E). It is called the "women's vitamin". Maintains the normal condition of the skin, hair structure. With a lack of a substance, problems with appearance appear.
Ascorbic acid (C). Strong immunostimulant. Prevents infectious diseases.
Phylloquinone (K). Ensures the health of blood vessels, normalizes the functioning of the kidneys.
Cyanocobalamin (B 12). It normalizes the emotional state, eliminates insomnia.

If young girls need to eat well to get the above vitamins, then women who have reached the age of 40 need much more useful substances than can be taken from food. Therefore, the intake of vitamin complexes becomes mandatory.

Vitamin Deficiency Symptoms

Women entering the menopausal stage should be regularly examined by a gynecologist, endocrinologist and others. medical professionals. Nutrition at this age should be of high quality and complete: no exotic and rigid diets are allowed. In no case should you bring the situation to the development of hypovitaminosis.

Deficiency is indicated by the following symptoms:

weakening of the immune system;
pain in the abdomen, indigestion;
hearing and vision problems;
baldness;
inflammation of the gums, dental disease;
frequent colds;
lethargy, rapid fatigue, low performance, apathetic mood;
drowsiness during the daytime, insomnia at night;
drying and peeling of the skin, the appearance of inflammatory skin rashes;
development of dermatological infectious pathologies;
the occurrence of stomatitis;
fungal infection of the genital tract;
memory impairment, problems with concentration.

Daily intake of vitamins

For the body, not only a vitamin deficiency is dangerous, but also an excess. It is important that useful substances enter the body daily in the optimal amount.

For mature women daily rate substances are as follows:

retinol (A) - up to 0.8 mg;
ascorbic acid (C) - up to 100 mg;
tocopherol (E) - 15 mg;
thiamine (B 1) - 1.7 mg;
riboflavin (B 2) - 2 mg;
niacin (B 3) - 20 mg;
pantothenic acid (B 5) - 5 mg;
pyridoxine (B 6) - 2 mg;
folic acid (B 9) - 1 mg;
cyanocobalamin (B 12) - 0.003 mg;
biotin (H) - 0.3 mg;
phylloquinone (K) - 0.1 mg.

In high-quality women's vitamin complexes, useful compounds are in the optimal daily dose.

Foods rich in vitamins

It is better to get nutrients from food, and use vitamin preparations if necessary. And you can provide the body with vitamins with the help of products only by making the diet of high quality and varied.

The daily menu should contain foods rich in useful substances:

retinol - liver, carrots, greens, eggs, dairy products;
ascorbic acid - citrus, cabbage, pepper, currant;
calciferol - fish, liver, eggs, beef;
tocopherol - vegetable oils, dairy products;
thiamine - legumes, dairy products, yeast;
riboflavin - fish, cereals, eggs;
biotin - mushrooms, liver, nuts, dairy products, eggs;
phylloquinone - greens, seaweed.

The best vitamin preparations

Below are the names and descriptions of the best complex preparations and dietary supplements for women over 40.

. A line of drugs for patients is produced different ages and different levels of activity. The advantage of the complex is the optimal combination of vitamins and minerals for compatibility. The components are divided into three tablets: morning - toning the body, strengthening the heart muscle and circulatory system, daytime - providing the body with antioxidants, helping to overcome negative external factors, evening - supporting the health of bone tissues, organs of vision, the hormonal system. The price is about 350 rubles.
Complivit for women 45 plus. Vitamin complex, characterized by a large component composition. The tablets contain retinol, group B compounds, ascorbic acid, vitamin E, selenium, magnesium and many other substances important for the female body. The components of the drug stimulate metabolism, get rid of extra pounds, are necessary to strengthen the immune system and rejuvenate the body. A package with 30 tablets will cost about 300 rubles.
. The best drug for women, it optimally selected all the substances necessary for the body after 40 years. The composition contains not only vitamins and minerals, but also herbal supplements. Active ingredients increase the efficiency of the brain, strengthen the immune system, reduce the effects of stress and the manifestations of menopause. The price for a package with 30 tablets is about 1200 rubles, for a package with 60 tablets - 1800 rubles.
Ledy's Formula Woman 40 Plus. A high-quality complex of vitamins from the English manufacturer PharmaMed. The composition contains retinol, tocopherol, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, inositol, trace elements and herbal supplements. The components of the drug are important for women's health, improve the condition of the skin and hairline, normalize weight, and help to endure menopausal changes in the body more easily. Price - 850 rubles.
Omnium from Solgar. It is impossible not to include effective American pills in the rating of vitamins. This drug is of high quality, it contains vitamins, mineral elements, extract of soybeans, antioxidants, flavonoids, lipoic acid– the most women need substances. The drug is recommended to be taken in order not to age prematurely, to prevent senile diseases, to strengthen the immune system. Solgar products are rarely sold in pharmacies, but you can buy these vitamins in online stores. Price - up to 1800 rubles.
Vitolize. Top best vitamins These tonic and tonic tablets from the American company Forever are included. The drug is recommended for prolonging youth, maintaining skin beauty, weakening menopausal symptoms. The composition contains vitamin D, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, group B compounds, minerals, herbal and fruit extracts. Active ingredients stabilize the hormonal and nervous state. Price - 1900 rubles.
from Evalar. The Russian manufacturer offers good and cheap pills for patients entering the menopausal stage. The basis of dietary supplements is extracts of cimicifuga and motherwort, which alleviate menopausal symptoms. Also in the composition are retinol, tocopherol, ascorbic acid, group B, L-carnitine, rutin, selenium. The drug is not hormonal, so you can drink it without fear. Active components normalize the mental and emotional state, prevent vegetative-vascular pathologies in menopause. A package with 60 tablets will cost 400 rubles.

Vitamins to improve appearance after 40 years

A woman who has reached the age of 40 needs to provide the body with vitamins that normalize the condition of the skin, the structure of the hairline, and nail plates. These vitamins include:

A - has a protective effect on the epithelium, prevents the skin from drying out;
C - stimulates the production of collagen;
D - necessary for the full absorption of minerals;
B 2 - regulates cellular respiration;
B 3 - supplies hair and skin structures with oxygen;
B 7 - stimulates hair growth, restoration of skin tissues;
F - supports the normal functioning of the skin glands.

Vitamins to strengthen immunity

The body of mature women is weakened in the spring, experiencing vitamin deficiency. Most of the nutrients the body spends in the winter. Therefore, in the spring months, women should definitely drink complexes that include retinol, ascorbic acid, vitamin D, group B. These compounds normalize skin structure, strengthen bone tissue, hair and nails, stimulate metabolism, provide cells with oxygen, restore mental state, improve immunity, protect against colds.

The choice of a method of contraception in women over the age of 45, i.e., in the so-called "transitional" period, is often a very difficult task due to the peculiarities of this age period, associated with the inevitable processes of gradual extinction of ovarian function, the presence of a number of gynecological and extragenital diseases, the appearance of vegetovascular and other early symptoms menopause. Despite the fact that in this age period fertility is declining, cases of childbirth in women over 45 are not so rare. According to statistics, in Western Europe, up to 30% of women aged 45-54 years have a regular menstrual cycle and are fertile. At the same time, against the background of a regular rhythm of menstruation, the frequency of ovulatory cycles reaches 70-95%, and with oligomenorrhea - up to 34%. By this age, many women are already deciding the number of children in the family; situations such as remarriage, accidents with children and the need for childbirth are rare. In most cases, the onset of pregnancy makes you think about abortion.

Abortions in premenopausal women are much more often accompanied by various complications; the frequency of the latter is two to three times higher than in women of reproductive age. Often after an abortion there are inflammatory diseases genital organs, complications associated with the presence of uterine fibroids, endometriosis, exacerbation of extragenital pathology. It has been proven that an abortion performed in the "transitional" period often provokes a severe course of the climacteric syndrome and is a background for the development of hyperplastic processes in the target organs - the uterus and mammary glands.

When choosing a method of contraception in this age period, in addition to the need for reliable prevention of abortion, the question arises of how to avoid affecting the metabolic processes that have undergone (or are undergoing) age-related changes against the background of the high sensitivity of the female body to exogenous influences. Prevention and treatment initial symptoms climacteric syndrome and, if possible, slowing down the aging process are among the main tasks of contraception at this age.

Of course, hormonal contraceptives (HC) are the most promising in this regard, but before the advent of modern hormonal agents, including microdosed drugs and releasing systems, the use of HC was associated with a number of problems.

Hormonal contraception over the 40-year period of its development has established itself not only as one of the most effective ways prevention of pregnancy, but also as a new, promising area of medicine. Oral contraceptives (OCs) are widely used throughout the world. AT last years more and more new combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are being developed. At the end of the 80s. OCs with higher progestogen selectivity for progesterone receptors have been synthesized - these are desogestrel, norgestemate and gestodene.

Recent studies have shown that modern microdosed drugs latest generation do not have or have a minimal metabolic effect on the female body. In view of this, they can be used by non-smoking women after 40 years of age in the absence of risk factors associated with hypercoagulability (WHO, 1996). To such risk factors when using any type of hormonal contraception are primarily cardiovascular diseases, liver disease, heavy smoking in combination with the use of COCs.

It should be remembered that hormonal contraceptives are contraindicated in the presence of a history of thromboembolism, cardiovascular pathology, severe diabetes, malignant neoplasms reproductive system.

In the absence of these contraindications, microdosed preparations can be used quite widely. They are not only highly reliable, but also have a protective effect, including the symptoms of menopausal syndrome, which are quickly stopped.

Estrogens are known to have a positive effect on brain function and emotional state in perimenopausal women. In addition, numerous studies have confirmed the positive effects of oral contraceptives on cognitive processes, improving memory and mood. It was found that the estrogen component of OK reduces the concentration of monoamine oxidase (MAO), which leads to an increase in serotonin levels, as well as brain excitability, and thereby improves mood.

We have studied the efficacy and possibility of using the microdosed combined oral contraceptive (COC) novinet in premenopausal women.

Microdosed COC containing 20 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol and 0.150 mg of desogestrel. The composition of the drug includes a third-generation progestogen, which is a derivative of levonorgestrel, - desogestrel, which has high selectivity for progesterone receptors and high progestogenic activity.

A distinctive feature of the drug is the minimum content of the estrogen component, which significantly reduces the risk of estrogen-dependent side effects. Under the influence of the drug, there is mainly a prevention of the release of FSH and LH, which prevents the process of ovulation. The effect is enhanced by increasing the viscosity of cervical mucus, which makes it difficult for sperm to enter the uterine cavity.

Under our supervision there were 35 somatic healthy women from 44 to 47 years ( average age 45.4+0.4 years) who have no contraindications to hormonal contraception. In addition to the general clinical study, we measured blood pressure(BP) and body weight, blood test for hemostasis and lipid spectrum, extended colposcopy, cytological examination smears from the surface of the cervix and cervical canal, ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs.

Dynamic monitoring of patients was carried out every three, six and 12 months from the start of contraception. Menstrual cycle disorders were not detected, only in six (17.1%) patients the cycle duration was reduced to 21 days, which, apparently, is associated with hormonal changes in the body.

During the treatment, not a single case of pregnancy was registered, i.e., the contraceptive efficacy of the drug was 100%. Novinet had a regulating effect on the menstrual cycle, which was expressed in the establishment of a cycle duration of 25-27 days in all patients. Average duration menstrual cycle was 27.5 + 0.3 days. Menstrual-like reactions lasted 3.4+0.3 days, scanty menstrual-like discharge was observed in three (8.6%) women. Eight women met adverse reactions: in the form of intermenstrual spotting(two cases), breast engorgement (six cases).

All adverse reactions disappeared within the first two to three months of COC use and did not require therapeutic measures.

Four women who experienced physical ailment (weakness), emotional discomfort (bad mood) prior to the appointment of contraception recorded a significant improvement in the second month from the start of contraception. It should be noted that in four patients with premenstrual syndrome, after three months of using Novinet, a positive effect was also observed.

While taking the drug, there were no significant changes in body weight.

The initial indicators of the blood lipid spectrum in patients before the use of Novinet were normal. After 12 months, there was a trend towards an increase in HDL levels, which have anti-atherogenic potential, and a decrease in LDL, which have atherogenic potential.

The conducted studies also testified to the absence of negative dynamics of changes in the blood coagulation system.

Studies of the state of the cervix using a complex of the most informative research methods did not reveal any pathological changes.

Thus, the results of the study indicate that the modern microdose COC novinet is a highly effective contraceptive, well tolerated by women of premenopausal age, does not have a significant effect on blood pressure, body weight, blood lipid spectrum and hemostasis, and also allows to achieve therapeutic effect in patients with premenstrual syndrome and women experiencing emotional discomfort due to age-related (hormonal) changes in the body.

Based on the materials of the magazine "The Attending Doctor"

There is a considerable choice of methods of protection against unwanted pregnancy. However, the leading position is occupied by hormonal contraceptive pills.

Despite a fairly wide range of such drugs, there is not one without side effects and contraindications. Thus, one should take such pills responsibly, since their illiterate use can be harmful. female body.

Contraceptive pills after 40 years - what are their benefits?

The topic of contraception is relevant for women at any age. Any age of a woman is beautiful. By the age of 40, women approach the issue of contraception much more responsibly, because at this age, not everyone is happy with an unexpected pregnancy, and doctors no longer advise.

It is undesirable to give birth at the age of 40, since the risk of developing pathologies in a child is high. Abortion at this age is also highly undesirable, it is dangerous. negative consequences for women's health.

The decision to take hormonal contraceptives should be made only after consulting a gynecologist and after analyzing the possible risks of long-term use. The choice of contraceptive depends on many factors, including the age of the woman.

The mechanism of action of birth control pills is as follows:

affect the suppression of hormone production and the prevention of ovulation;
help soften the walls of the uterus, preventing the egg from catching;
adversely affect vaginal lubrication for spermatozoa.

For women over 40 years of age, contraceptives are prescribed not only to prevent unwanted pregnancies.

Due to the advantages and effects of such drugs, women are prescribed hormonal drugs in the following situations:

To reduce the risk of oncology;
To reduce the risk of ovarian disease;
To normalize the menstrual cycle and get rid of pain in this period;
In the presence of diseases of the female reproductive system, for example, endometriosis.

It is recommended to take such drugs for women in the premenopausal period. This is due to the fact that even in the absence of menstruation, the ability to become pregnant is present. In addition, during this period, there is a risk of developing cysts and various diseases of the female genital area.

Contraindications for use

As a rule, women after 40 years of age, doctors offer possible other options for contraception. This is due, first of all, to the fact that by these years female representatives may have a number of chronic diseases and other contraindications for taking contraceptives at this age.

For these reasons, before prescribing oral hormone-containing drugs to the patient, the doctor must familiarize himself with the woman's medical history and prescribe a number of additional studies.

The main contraindications for taking oral contraceptives are as follows:

Cardiovascular pathologies;
Diabetes;
Overweight;
Past strokes and heart attacks;
Thrombosis of the lower extremities;
Tumors of a malignant nature in the organs of the genitourinary system.

When taking the drug, you must be attentive to your body and notice the appearance of any symptom. This may be indigestion, diarrhea, allergies, vomiting and other reactions of the body. In such cases, it is necessary to replace the drug.

How to choose good birth control pills and not make a mistake

In the absence of contraindications to taking oral contraceptives, it is necessary to choose the right drug. However, it should be borne in mind that there is not a single examination or analysis that can accurately determine a specific hormonal drug.

In most cases, only by starting to take pills, a woman will understand whether they suit her or cause side effects.

What birth control pills to drink after 40 years

After the age of 40, a woman is offered oral hormonal preparations containing low-dose estrogen and progesterone or synthetic analogues of progesterone.

Due to age, the presence of contraindications and sometimes concomitant diseases by these years, it can be difficult to choose the right remedy. An important factor is the image of a woman's sexual life.

After 40 years, doctors prefer birth control pills that do not contain the hormone estrogen.

Such drugs are the most gentle in terms of their effect on the female body. In addition, the advantage of such tablets is the ability to prevent the development of endometrial hyperplasia, which is often observed in women after 40 years of age.

The most popular oral contraceptives for women over 40 are as follows:

"Trisequens". It contains progesterone and estrogen. The course of admission is 28 pieces. Cost from 200 rubles;
"Jess" It is considered the safest drug, there are practically no side effects. The price varies from 850 rubles. It is prescribed for many gynecological diseases;
Jess Plus. Effective drug recommended for women before menopause;
Marvelon. Contains a minimum amount of hormones. A common drug as protection against unwanted pregnancy. It is prescribed for women who have an active sex life. Suitable for pain relief during menstruation;
"Janine". German-made hormonal pills are prescribed for an increased content of male sex hormones;
"Diana-35";
"Yarina";
"Logest";
"Lindinet-20";
"News".

Synthetic analogues are most popular as follows:

"Continuin";
"Exluton";
"Charosetta".

They have a number of contraindications, not suitable for all women.

Non-hormonal birth control pills for women over 40

In case of irregular sexual life, women are prescribed non-hormonal contraceptives. A feature of these tablets is their non-daily intake.

The need for their use is necessary immediately before sexual intercourse. As a result, the substances of the tablet have a destructive effect on spermatozoa, preventing them from entering the uterine cavity.

Non-hormonal contraceptives are available in the form of suppositories, ointments or vaginal tablets. Proper use will ensure safety against unwanted pregnancy. The most popular non-hormonal drugs are Patentex Oval, Pharmatex, Gynecoteks, Traceptin.

The course and duration of taking hormonal pills

How correctly and for how long can women take such pills after 40 years? When taking pills, it should be borne in mind that there is a possibility of ineffective treatment. The following factors influence this:

smoking;
circulatory diseases;
the presence of tumors.

In these cases, inadequate absorption of hormones occurs and the effect of taking pills is significantly reduced.

The course of taking oral contraceptives is 21 or 28 days, starting on one of the five days of the menstrual cycle. As a rule, standard blisters contain just 21 or 28 tablets, depending on the course.

You need to take one tablet per day. Preferably at the same time. The seven-day break in taking the pills falls on the next menstrual cycle in a woman.

After 7 days, you should resume taking the tablets, regardless of whether the period has ended or not.

If you miss a tablet, take it as soon as possible. In this case, additional protection is required during intercourse within two days from the moment the tablet was missed.

Taking hormonal pills can be continued as long as they are needed. If there are no side effects, there is no need to take breaks in the course. Doctors recommend taking oral contraceptives for two years after your last period.

It should be borne in mind that the effect of the tablets begins only after two weeks of taking them. A full guarantee against unwanted pregnancy is provided only after the first month of taking the pills.

Which contraceptive pills are better to take: reviews of women

It's no secret that the lack of hormones after 40 years provokes the aging of the female body. I tested it myself. Only the reception of "Yarina" helped. Before that, I drank "Janine", I felt sick and sick.

Svetlana, 42 years old, Syktyvkar

I had a constant failure of the menstrual cycle, while there were severe pain. The doctor attributed it to the approach of menopause and prescribed Trisequens tablets for me. The pain was gone and there were no side effects. And the price suits me just fine.

Ekaterina, 41 years old, Volgograd

I take pills "Jess". side effects I don't watch. There was no weight gain, no allergic or other reactions. On the contrary, the skin and hair became better.

Olga, 51 years old, St. Petersburg

Finally

Women should take care of their health and take a responsible approach to the choice of contraception. Oral contraception will help not only to avoid an unplanned pregnancy and, perhaps, abortion, but also to restore the balance of the hormonal background of the female body at the age of 40. In medicine, it has been proven that the female body after 40 years of age needs to take hormonal drugs. Main condition - correct use drugs.

Some more additional information about the choice of birth control pills is in the next video.