What causes streptoderma. How to treat streptoderma at home in children and adults - ointments, medicines and folk remedies

Streptoderma, like many infections skin, is a consequence of the activity of streptococci. This is a highly contagious disease that is easily transmitted from person to person with minimal contact. It is this prevalence that compels us to give increased attention studying the symptoms and signs of streptoderma in order to identify it at an early stage!

What causes it and what are the symptoms?

The main point in the importance of determining the symptoms is the fact that the representatives of the weaker sex and children are most susceptible to the disease. An epidemic of streptoderma can quickly spread throughout a child care facility. And given that streptoderma is very contagious, the scale of distribution among children is difficult to underestimate!

Unfortunately, it is worth noting that we rarely listen to the simple recommendations of doctors about the timely disinfection of each skin injury, even if, in our opinion, it does not pose a danger at all. However, it is precisely in this neglect that the main reason for the entry of various streptococci into our body lies. The holistic protection of the skin is violated, and pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms penetrate the body.

Streptoderma can be caused by the following reasons:

• Damage to the skin. As we have already said, even a slight scratch can form a focus of infection;
• Intoxication, which disrupts the functioning of organs;
• Chronic diseases affecting the decrease in the protective functions of the body;
• Hypovitaminosis;
• Burns, as another violation of the integrity of the skin;
• Overwork and constant stress;
• General decrease in immunity;

It is worth mentioning separately that in addition to preventing an epidemic, streptoderma should be diagnosed on time, and because, with a complication and severe form, it can degenerate into a condition for the development of an autoimmune disease and allergic dermatitis, and these ailments lead to serious consequences, up to a systemic lesion internal organs.

In medicine, there is a certain classification of streptoderma, which is characterized by the localization of the rash, the degree of development of streptoderma. You can give the following parameters of streptoderma:

• The classic version, which is also called "impetigo";
• bullous impetigo;
• And streptococcal ecthyma.

Symptoms completely depend on the type of disease, therefore, streptoderma has several symptoms that can drastically differ in localization and type.

Let's start with the classic version of streptoderma, it is he who is most often found among infections. As we have already noted, at risk are women and children, whose thinner skin is more at risk. Localization of classic impetigo extends to the hands, feet, legs, and is also observed near the lips and in the nose. The skin in the affected area acquires a red tint, a bubble appears filled with a cloudy liquid.

After the appearance of the bubble, the focus develops rapidly and can reach a diameter of several centimeters, after which the blister opens, and erosion forms in its place. The damage quickly dries out and becomes covered with a crust. The problem is that due to severe itching, patients constantly peel off the crust and spread the infection further along the skin.

Bullous streptoderma is characterized by the appearance of several foci, but the blisters do not increase in size and do not open. The contents of the blisters are cloudy pus, and they are located in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe nail plates.

Streptococcal ecthyma accompanies the disease if the deep layers of the skin begin to be affected. Here, rashes are also observed, which are filled with purulent content, however, when opened, we open not just erosion, but an ulcer on the surface of the skin. At the same time, pain is clearly felt in the affected area and pus is constantly produced. As a rule, ecthyma is localized on the legs, and after healing it always leaves a scar.

How to treat streptoderma?

Treatment of streptoderma should always be comprehensive and developed taking into account the characteristics of the body and the type of streptoderma, its localization and severity.

Streptoderma is an infectious disease caused by opportunistic pathogens. Severe skin lesions most often occur in children and women. In the absence of timely treatment, dangerous complications are possible.

Causes of the disease

The causative agent of the disease is group A hemolytic streptococcus. The pathogenic microorganism affects not only the skin.

The negative impact of streptococcal infection on the heart and kidneys was noted. Allergic dermatitis and serious autoimmune diseases often occur.

Factors provoking streptoderma:

• reduced immunity;
• sunburn;
• frostbite;
• stressful situations;
• skin microtrauma;
• chronic diseases;
• hormonal imbalance in the body;
• overwork;
• lack of vitamins;
• varicose veins;
• abrasions;
• obesity;
• inadequate skin care;
• use of shared dishes, towels, toothbrushes.

Symptoms of the disease

The disease is characterized by unpleasant manifestations. There are painful sensations, the skin has a repulsive appearance. Worse in many cases general state sick.

Signs of streptoderma:

• The skin turns red, a small bubble (conflict) appears on the affected area, filled with a muddy liquid of a dirty yellow color.
• Education increases rapidly, reaches 1-2 cm. With some types of disease, conflicts grow up to three centimeters.
• Sometimes a large number of blisters leads to the appearance of a continuous affected surface in a certain area of ​​​​the body.
• After maturation, the bubble bursts, an ulcer appears with remnants of the skin around the edges.
• The opened conflict dries quickly, dense crusts form.

All stages of the development of the disease are accompanied by burning, itching. The patient combs the skin, the infection spreads to healthy areas. How is streptoderma transmitted? When using shared pillowcases, household items, towels, the infection can affect family members.

Complications
Treatment must begin immediately. The tendency to allergies and the lack of timely therapy increases the sensitivity of the affected skin. Other pathogenic microbes penetrate through wounds and cracks.

Running dry streptoderma often leads to microbial eczema. The presence of a new form of the disease is evidenced by inflammation of the sores and separating drops of cloudy serous fluid.

Types of disease
The concept of streptoderma includes several types of infectious skin lesions. Streptococci are the causative agents of all types of the disease.

Varieties of pathology:

• Streptococcal impetigo. Localization of foci - the lateral surfaces of the face, trunk, limbs. Blisters often merge, annular impetigo appears.
• Simple deprive. Localization - area mandible, patches of skin on the cheeks, around the mouth. Most often, this type of streptoderma affects children.
• bullous impetigo. Conflicts are located on the back side of the cyst. In some cases - on the legs and feet. Bubbles increase to 2–3 cm, dried wounds itch and cause suffering.
• Streptococcal rash. Most of the sick are small children and overweight people. Localization of foci - under the mammary glands, in the armpits, intergluteal or inguinal-femoral folds. Obesity affects the abdomen.
• Tourniol (impetigo of the nail folds). The causes of skin lesions are hangnails, wounds, injured areas through which streptococci penetrate.
• Angular stomatitis. This type of impetigo is known to most people. The manifestations of the disease are popularly called "zaeds". Conflicts are in the corners of the mouth. Occasionally, inflamed areas with dried crusts are located in the corners of the eyes and on the wings of the nose. Causes - prolonged wearing of prostheses, lack of B vitamins, rhinitis, eye infections, teeth affected by caries.

Treatment of streptoderma in children

The delicate skin of a child is poorly protected from the penetration of pathogens. Damage to vulnerable skin is easy. Due to age and misunderstanding of some things, children themselves often provoke the development of a streptococcal infection.

In kindergartens and schools, the risk of the disease increases. Microbes easily penetrate through cuts, scratches and abrasions. Lack of timely treatment leads to serious complications. The disease spreads easily among healthy children in contact with a carrier of streptoderma. So how to treat streptoderma in children?

The disease in children often occurs with complications. To the local inflammatory process and unbearable itching is added:

• heat;
• general weakness.

Diagnosis of streptoderma in children
A visit to a pediatrician and a dermatologist will help establish an accurate diagnosis. Before visiting a doctor:

• write down the date of detection of the first signs of the disease;
• assess the condition of the child;
• analyze the rate of spread of infection;
• measure the temperature.

Detailed information will help the specialist to establish the correct diagnosis. In addition to the examination, the doctor will prescribe a culture of the contents of sores and blisters.

Effective test:

• sets the pathogen;
• shows to what type of antibiotics in streptoderma the pathogenic microorganism is sensitive.

Important! Do not prescribe antibiotics yourself! Taking drugs will blur the picture of the disease and change the results of bacterial culture.

How and how to treat children's streptoderma
It is not worth joking with the disease. Many parents make the mistake of stopping therapy at the first sign of recovery. Microorganisms become resistant to antibiotics, the disease is more difficult to treat.

Basic rules for the treatment of streptoderma in children:

• limit contacts of a sick child with healthy peers;
• high temperature - the basis for bed rest;
• rubbing and bathing are prohibited - the infection can spread to new areas;
• watch the length of the nails and the cleanliness of the hands of the child;
• change underwear and bed linen every day;
• wash the floor well, ventilate the room;
• distract the child, do not let the sores be combed;
• prepare dietary meals for the patient;
• exclude spicy, sweet and salty foods from the menu;
• bake or boil food.

Medicines and folk methods:

How to cure streptoderma? Here are some ways:

• local treatment. Lubricate the affected areas with brilliant green, a solution of potassium permanganate, fucorcin;
• a good effect is given by antibacterial ointments for streptoderma: streptocid or tetracycline;
• wet-drying dressings with a decoction of plantain, chamomile, calendula will relieve itching and burning;
• jams are lubricated with 1 or 2% silver nitrate. The frequency of the procedure - up to three times during the day;
• prevents the spread of infection by lubricating the nails with iodine. The procedure is carried out daily;
• with a tendency to allergic reactions appoint antihistamines Suprastin, Diazolin, Claritin. The dosage is determined by the doctor depending on the age of the patient;
• in severe cases, ultraviolet irradiation in the physiotherapy room may be required;
• strengthen immunity. Include in the menu in the absence of contraindications according to the age of the child garlic, onions, vitamin complexes;
• you need to drink plenty of water: a decoction of chamomile, linden or calendula, fruit drink and compote of their berries. Ask if your child is allergic to these foods and medicinal herbs.

Important! The serious condition of the child and large areas of the skin affected by the infection are a reason for inpatient treatment in the infectious diseases hospital. Small children diagnosed with streptoderma are also observed in the hospital.

Treatment in adults

The propensity of many people to experiment often harms the sick. When the first signs of streptoderma are found, untested home remedies, dubious tinctures and ointments are often used. Many without culture results self-prescribe antibiotics. How to quickly cure streptoderma?

Remember! The advice of non-specialists often leads to complications. Visit a dermatologist and follow their recommendations.

How to treat streptoderma in adults:

• At the first sign of illness, apply dressings with an aqueous solution (0.25 silver nitrate or 1–2% resorcinol). As soon as the bandage dries, change to a new one. The duration of the session is one and a half hours, the break between procedures is 3 hours. Wet-drying dressings reduce inflammation, relieve itching, heal sores.
• While changing the bandage, wipe the healthy skin around the blisters with salicylic or boric alcohol.
• Lubricate the erosion sites with tetracycline or streptocid ointment. Each dressing is applied for 12 hours.
• Treat dried crusts with disinfectants: erythromycin ointment, rivanol (3%).
• With severe inflammation of the adjacent areas, the doctor will prescribe potent hormonal ointments Lorinden A, S, Triderm. Prolonged use leads to thinning of the skin. Using hormonal drugs dermatologist supervision is required.
• With an increase in lymph nodes, an increase in temperature, take antibiotics. Preparations of the group of cephalosporins or penicillins will be prescribed by the doctor based on the results of bacterial culture.
• To reduce itching, take antihistamines: Claritin, Suprastin, Telfast.
• Follow a healthy diet. Steam or bake dishes.
• Take vitamins and immunomodulating drugs.
• Proven effective action pyrogenal.

After removing the acute inflammatory process, the doctor often prescribes physiotherapeutic procedures. The greatest antibacterial effect gives UV irradiation of the affected areas.

Helpful Hints:

• Follow the rules of personal hygiene.
• Treat your hands with disinfectants. Lubricate your fingers with iodine solution.
• Do not share utensils and towels.
• Wash and iron bed and underwear frequently.
• Limit contact with family and friends.
• Strengthen your immune system.

Treatment during pregnancy

Infectious disease in the absence of timely treatment negatively affects the fetus. Symptoms of streploderma make the expectant mother nervous and worried about the health of the baby.

Basic rules for the treatment of strepdothermia during pregnancy:

• Seek medical attention at the first sign of skin lesions. Only a highly qualified dermatologist can treat pregnant women.
• Take antibiotics prescribed by your doctor. In most cases, the disease is successfully treated with topical antibacterial drugs.
• Do not pop bubbles yourself.
• Treat healthy skin with disinfectants.
• Cover affected areas with sterile dressings.
• Drink vitamin preparations.
• Try not to scratch the sores - the infection will spread to new areas.

How to get rid of the disease at home

Streptoderma is a disease in which to use folk recipes must be approached very carefully. Properly selected remedies relieve inflammation well and dry the sores.

The use of unverified recipes will only harm the patient and cause complications. Doctors recommend the use of medicinal herbs.

Folk remedies and recipes

• Moisten wet-drying dressings with a decoction of chamomile or oak bark. These compresses have an excellent antiseptic effect.
• Bathing and showering during the treatment of streptoderma are prohibited. Clean healthy skin with wet wipes soaked in a decoction of chamomile or calendula.
• To increase immunity, take echinacea tincture, rosehip decoction, viburnum berries crushed with sugar, honey and lemon.

The precautions are very simple:

• Wash your hands regularly.
• Take care of your skin.
• Boost your immunity.
• Treat wounds, cuts, scratches in a timely manner.
• Monitor the work of the endocrine system.
• Eat right.
• Teach your children the rules of personal hygiene.
• Do not use someone else's dishes and towels.

Now you know how to treat streptoderma with medicines and public funds. Try to prevent disease. At the first sign of skin lesions, consult a dermatologist.

TV show "Live healthy" about streptoderma:

Streptoderma in children different ages develops as a result of damage by various strains of the common microbial agent streptococcus and a decrease in the effectiveness of immune defense.

It is characterized by the appearance of typical blisters on the skin (less often mucous membranes), filled with purulent contents. In the absence of the necessary complex treatment streptoderma in a child progresses, spreading to new, previously healthy areas of the skin.

The incubation period is seven days, after which there is an active development of the disease, turning into sharp shape. If examinations are carried out and a diagnosis is made, streptoderma must be urgently treated in order to avoid complications. The course of the disease can be acute or chronic, superficial or deep. In the chronic form, rashes are localized near existing sores or wounds.

How is streptoderma transmitted?

Why does streptoderma occur, what is it, and how to treat it? Most often, the pathology occurs in young children aged 2 to 7 years.

Cuts, abrasions and scratches on the skin, bites of various insects and other damage to the skin through which the infection penetrates can provoke the onset of the disease. Streptoderma is transmitted by household means, for example, through dishes and clothes, toys and other objects that a sick child has touched.

The causative agent of streptoderma is streptococcal bacteria (mainly beta-hemolytic pyogenic group A streptococcus), the active reproduction of which on the skin leads to the appearance of impetigo, vulgar eczema and some other diseases, united by the concept of "streptoderma".

Different types of streptococcus can be found:

• on toys (especially soft or rarely washed);
• any utensils;
• on any clothing, both outerwear and underwear, especially if it is not washed and ironed thoroughly enough;
• in water and air, that is, a child of any age constantly encounters him;
• on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes of another person (small and adult), which can be a so-called healthy carrier (there are no symptoms of the disease) or suffer from tonsillitis, otitis, erysipelas.

The causes of streptoderma may be the following:

1. Reduced immunity, in which even a small number of microbes can cause disease.
2. Violation of the microflora in the intestines as a result of improper intake of antibacterial agents or poor nutrition.
3. Neglect of sanitary and hygienic standards leads to the occurrence favorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogens.
4. Combing the skin with dermatoses leads to infection with streptococcus and the development of streptoderma.

Depending on the manifestations and nature of the course streptoderma is classified into the following types:

1. Dry streptoderma, or simple lichen. Often affects children aged 3-7 years, manifesting itself in the form of scaly pink spots and skin pigmentation disorders.
2. Streptococcal impetigo. It is a bubble rash, surrounded by a red inflamed rim along the periphery. After tearing them, erosions remain on the skin, subsequently covered with scabs.

Bathing and scratching of the lesions are factors that contribute to the spread of rashes throughout the body. With excessive production of sebum and active sweating, streptoderma manifests itself in the inguinal and behind-the-ear folds. Such spreading of rashes throughout the body is most common in those who are overweight or have diabetes.

Streptoderma symptoms

The incubation period of the disease is 7-10 days. Main symptom streptoderma in children - the appearance of pinkish spots on the skin, covered with small scales. During the appearance of rashes, no subjective symptoms are usually felt. But sometimes itching, fever, and the affected skin may become more and more dry.

Streptoderma spots can have completely different sizes, but most often they reach up to 4 cm in diameter. Rashes are localized on the face, back, buttocks, arms and legs. After all the existing spots disappear, a specific one always remains in their place for some time. white footprint. The concept of streptoderma includes several types of infectious skin lesions. Streptococci are the causative agents of all types of the disease.

Varieties of pathology:

1. Streptococcal impetigo. The most common, classic form of the disease. Characteristic rashes appear on the face, hands and feet. This form of streptoderma is the most limited, since the pathogen does not penetrate beyond the surface layer of the skin, which retains its protective functions and includes local mechanisms to limit inflammation. Appearance the skin practically does not change, only against the background of redness there are separate bubble elements (conflicts) filled with a clear liquid. Their appearance is accompanied by itching. Soon the liquid becomes cloudy, the vial opens, dries up and becomes covered with a yellow crust. After removing the peel, pigmented spots remain on the skin, which disappear over time. The duration of the process is from 5 to 7 days. But if a child scratches itchy elements, the pathogen spreads to healthy areas of the skin, the risk of complications increases, and recovery is delayed for 3-4 weeks.
2. bullous impetigo. The rash is localized on the upper and lower extremities (hands, feet) and has a fairly solid diameter. After opening the bubbles, ulcers form in their place, which can grow, capturing healthy areas of the skin.
3. Streptococcal diaper rash. Most of the sick are small children and overweight people. Localization of foci - under the mammary glands, in the armpits, intergluteal or inguinal-femoral folds. Obesity affects the abdomen.
4. Simple deprive. It manifests itself in the form of a rash of bright pink color, with clear boundaries. The location is the face. The rash may shrink in size with exposure to the sun. Those areas of the skin that were previously affected cannot tan like the rest of the skin.
5. streptococcal zaeda(a type of slit-like impetigo) is characterized by the appearance of bubbles in the corners of the mouth. After the disappearance of the bubbles, a crack (slit-like erosion) appears in their place, quickly covered with a yellowish crust. Very often, patients, especially children, inadvertently peel off this crust, but it appears again.
6. Streptococcal ecthyma- a more severe form of streptoderma, affecting the deeper layers of the skin. The disease proceeds with the formation of an ulcerative necrotic lesion and a scar. Ecthyma often forms on the arms, legs, and almost never on the face, since the face has a very good blood supply to the skin, which allows localization of inflammation. It is in the case of ecthyma that, as a rule, pronounced disturbances in well-being occur, up to signs of an infectious-toxic shock, if the pathogen enters the bloodstream.

With timely treatment, the symptoms of streptoderma, as a rule, disappear within 7 days. If adequate measures are not taken, the disease can cause such severe complications as psoriasis, scarlet fever, glomerulonephritis, microbial eczema. Sometimes the disease in a chronic form even leads to blood poisoning.

Chronic form

Streptoderma in a chronic form is characterized by a recurrent course and the development of large (5-10 cm in diameter) lesions of the skin. The foci are clearly demarcated spots with uneven, scalloped edges and a horny layer of the epidermis that exfoliates along the edges; most often they are localized on the legs.

Blisters appear on the skin, after opening of which large yellowish-brown crusts form. After removal at the site of the crust, a bright pink erosion is detected, from the surface of which serous-purulent exudate is abundantly separated. Between relapses, the formation of new blisters stops, instead of crusts, foci of peeling with gray-yellow scales are formed.

The prolonged existence of an infectious focus, as well as the increased sensitivity of the skin to microbes as a result, can lead to the transition of the disease from chronic streptoderma to microbial eczema. The characteristic signs of this process are the appearance of eczematous wells, changes in the boundaries of lesions (with eczema, they become uneven, blurry).

How does streptoderma begin: photo

Suggest for viewing detailed photos to know how streptoderma looks and begins in a child, as well as an adult.

Diagnostics

In order to know how to cure streptoderma, it is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis, because such a disease can be understood as other diseases. These are erysipelas, ecthyma vulgaris, chronic diffuse streptoderma and others. The diagnosis of "streptoderma" is established on the basis of anamnestic data (contact with a sick person, an outbreak of the disease in the team) and visual examination (characteristic vesicles and yellowish-honey crusts after they are opened).

From laboratory methods use:

• microscopy of smears of the affected area of ​​the skin;
• bacteriological analysis (sowing crusts on nutrient media).

Microscopy and bakposev should be carried out before antibiotic treatment and in the absence of self-medication.

Treatment of streptoderma

In cases where the symptoms of streptoderma are small and do not worsen the general condition of the patient, then in the treatment of streptoderma in children with good immunity, local therapy at home is usually used. It is an opening of abscesses and subsequent treatment of lesions with aniline dyes. After that, dry dressings with disinfectants are applied to the diseased areas. Jams are lubricated with silver nitrate.

In chronic processes for the treatment of streptoderma in children and adults, complex conservative therapy is indicated:

1. Taking antibiotics. Semi-synthetic penicillins are considered optimal in this situation, and in case of resistance to them, reserve antibiotics. As a rule, Amoxiclav, Augmentin, Tseporin, Lincomycin are used. Reserve - macrolides Azithromycin or Erythromycin.
2. Injections of immunomodulators and vitamins. Gamma globulin, vitamin complexes B, A, C, as well as polyglobulin are used.
3. Taking drugs necessary to restore the intestinal microflora after antibiotic therapy (): linex, dufolac.
4. Taking a multivitamin course(1-2 months + repeat): complivit, centrum, vitrum, multitabs or others.
5. Treatment with drugs local action applied to cleansed skin twice a day. These include alcohol antiseptic solutions (levomycetin alcohol 5%, fukortsin, etc.), a solution of miramistin (chlorhexidine), a solution of potassium permanganate. Ointments with antibiotics are prescribed: lincomycin, erythromycin, levomekol and others.

How to treat streptoderma in a child? Follow the basic guidelines:

• limit contacts of a sick child with healthy peers;
• high temperature - the basis for bed rest;
• rubbing and bathing are prohibited - the infection can spread to new areas;
• watch the length of the nails and the cleanliness of the hands of the child;
• change underwear and bed linen every day;
• wash the floor well, ventilate the room;
• distract the child, do not let the sores be combed;
• prepare dietary meals for the patient;
• bake or boil food.

In the focus of infection, quarantine is mandatory - children are separated for at least 10 days (for the maximum duration of the incubation period). In the process of treatment, it is mandatory to use a therapeutic diet, consisting of easily digestible and nutritious food, in which it is necessary to limit sweets, fatty and spicy foods.

The prognosis for this disease is favorable, but after suffering a deep form of streptoderma, cosmetic defects remain.

Streptoderma is an infectious and inflammatory disease with a purulent lesion of the skin, caused by exposure to beta-hemolytic pyogenic streptococcus. It develops as a result of damage by the causative agent of sweat glands and sebaceous-hairy skin structures (photo).

It is manifested by a superficial lesion, mostly smooth skin. The primary elements of impetigo are conflicts (flaccid vesicles) filled with transparent exudate, prone to rapid growth and merger. The delicate structure of the dermis is affected, which is the reason for the predominant lesion of female and children's skin.

The disease is contagious, the pathogen has an easy introduction into the child's body when in contact with an infected child, through toys, clothing or common household items. Infection can be transmitted through insect bites and contaminated hands. The impetus for the development of infectious pathology can be:

• skin combs;
• maceration of the upper layer of the skin;
• disturbances in its alkaline balance;
• damage to the mucous layer with rhinitis or otitis media;
• decreased immune function.

Streptoderma and its features

The causative agent is streptococcus. Getting on damaged skin, this bacterium begins to multiply rapidly, which leads to the occurrence of a purulent inflammatory process - streptoderma. The infection easily spreads to neighboring areas of the skin and is transmitted from one person to another.

Streptoderma often affects children. There are several reasons for this:

• in children, the immune defense is much weaker than in adults;
• they have thinner and more vulnerable skin;
• children are active, their skin is often injured;
• are in close contact with each other and become infected with streptoderma in children's institutions;
• It is not always possible to ensure that children follow the rules of hygiene.

Streptococcus is a representative of conditionally pathogenic microflora, that is, in small quantities it is always present in the body and on the surface of the skin. The immune system protects the body from its effects. When the skin is damaged, the bacteria enter favorable conditions for themselves and begin to multiply rapidly. The weaker the immune system, the more severe streptoderma occurs. The incubation period of the disease is 3-10 days.

How to distinguish herpes from streptoderma

Streptococcal dermatitis can begin with the appearance of small-sized conflicts - vesicles filled with cloudy contents. Because of this, it is often confused with herpes and is not treated. However, these diseases have significant differences:

• zaeda differs from herpes by the rapid opening of liquid capsules; with herpes, the vesicles remain on the lips much longer;
• streptoderma in a child develops around an already affected area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin, and herpes affects healthy skin;
• with herpes, itching appears much earlier than conflicts, while with streptoderma, itching will begin only after the appearance of a rash.

Causes

The causative agents of the disease, microorganisms of the streptococcus family, are typical representatives of the conditionally pathogenic microbial flora of the body - with sufficiently intense local immunity, the integrity of the skin and mucous membranes, the normal functioning of the body's immune system as a whole, the active development and spread of this microorganism is limited, and the disease does not develop.

The occurrence of streptoderma is always associated with a violation of the integrity of the skin (microtrauma or abrasion is enough for infection to penetrate), a change in local immunity and a violation of the activity of the body's immune system as a whole.

Experts consider the fact that streptoderma most often develops in children to be direct evidence of this statement - in the vast majority of cases, an epidemic outbreak occurs in an organized children's team (nurseries and kindergartens, elementary grades of schools, children's sections of interest. However, a child who is sick streptoderma, becomes a source of infection and can infect any of his relatives in close contact with him.

Predisposing factors, the presence of which increases the likelihood of developing the disease, are:

• neglect of the rules of personal hygiene;
• acute and chronic overwork;
• stressful situations;
• any condition that can cause a decrease in immunity;
• insufficient amount of vitamins in the patient's food and his body
• skin injuries (even the smallest ones).

Possible routes of infection

How is the transmission of infection with streptoderma and other diseases caused by streptococci? There are three routes of infection transmission:

• contact route: by touching, skin-to-skin contact of the patient or carrier and healthy person, with joint games of children, kisses of adults, etc .;
• contact-household spread of infection occurs when using the same household items: dishes, toys, books, towels, etc.;
• The most rare is the airborne method of transmission of infection, when streptococcus moves from a sick person or carrier during coughing, sneezing to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bdamaged skin.

First signs

After streptococcus enters the child's body, clinical picture begins to appear only after a week - that's how long it lasts incubation period diseases.

Dermatologists divide all the symptoms of streptoderma into two groups - the main ones (specific, characteristic of such an infection) and additional ones (they appear in almost any childhood illness).

The main signs of streptoderma in a child:

• the formation of redness in various parts of the body;
• a little later, bubbles jump up in their place, inside of which a yellowish liquid is visible;
• after 2 days they increase in size;
• then burst;
• after that, erosion with uneven edges is formed;
• it dries up to a yellow crust within a day;
• the latter soon disappears by itself;
• all this time the child's skin itches unbearably;
• if you let him comb the affected areas, the recovery is delayed, since in this way he spreads the pathogen throughout the body;
• many parents are worried about how long streptoderma lasts in a child: this whole process lasts from 3 days to a week, but only if all medical recommendations are followed.

Additional symptoms:

• temperature rise;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• vomiting and nausea;
• general malaise: lethargy, bad feeling, lack of appetite, weakness, sleep disturbances.

People who do not have a medical education (including most parents) are very easy to confuse the signs of streptoderma with symptoms of other skin diseases - urticaria, pityriasis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, pyoderma.

Since different means are used for their treatment, independently (“by eye”), it is impossible to make a diagnosis. Moreover, this is one of the most insidious diseases, which is very many-sided - this can be judged by various forms of infection with streptococci.

Symptoms of streptoderma in children

Based on the current pathological processes and the degree of depth of the lesion of the dermis, there are three stages of streptoderma, symptoms in children appear:

1) Vesicular streptoderma(bullous - from the term bulla-bubble). It is characterized by a superficial lesion of the dermis with the formation of small vesicles and small islands of inflamed skin.

Signs of cystic streptoderma are due to the appearance of a small red spot on the child's skin. During the day, a conflict (blister) is formed on the spot, surrounded by a bright red rim and filled with purulent-serous exudate. As the disease progresses, the number of blisters increases. They can be of the most unexpected sizes - from scanty, up to one and a half centimeters in diameter.

The first bubbles that appear burst, pouring out a yellow-brown exudate, which forms crusts in the form of a scab. At the slightest injury, or awkward movement, they easily move out of place, exposing the inflamed erythematous surface of the skin. The blister rash is able to merge, forming lesions of various sizes and configurations.

The usual localization of rashes is the skin of the face and hands of the child. When the elements of the rash are located in the folds of the nasolabial triangle, the infection very often penetrates the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and mouth, covering them completely. The process of crust formation is accompanied by severe itching.

On the head of a child, streptoderma, in the form of clearly defined foci, appears precisely as a result of scratching and introducing infection to healthy areas of the skin.

In recent years, the vesicular stage of impetigo has begun to manifest itself differently; changes in the very structure of the vesicles are often found. Their tire has become more dense, they do not increase in size and do not open.

Such a bubble variety occurs when the periungual roller is damaged. A bubble filled with exudate goes around the base of the nail, taking the shape of a horseshoe; in medicine, this shape is called a tourniole.

Often there are large blisters with a drying core surrounded by a roller filled with purulent fluid. If you do not start treating streptoderma in children in time, then with extensive skin lesions and the addition of background pathologies, the child's condition may deteriorate sharply and manifest itself:

• feverish state with febrile temperature;
• loss of strength (muscle weakness) and muscle pain;
• signs of lymphadenopathy in areas adjacent to the focus;
• apathy for food and nausea.

When recovering, no traces remain at the site of pathological foci.

2) Stage of non-bullous development due to deep damage to the epidermis and the development of poorly healing large blisters and painful ulcerative formations - streptococcal ecthyma.

With the non-bullous stage of streptoderma in children, the symptoms are manifested by a rapid increase in bubble formations. Soon they dry out, turning into a yellow-green crust that sits tightly on the skin. With its rejection, an ulcerative unevenness covered with pus remains.

Since at this stage the deep layer of the dermis is affected, during healing, well-marked scars remain. This skin lesion is observed mainly on the extremities.

3) Chronic stage, as a result of running the process or not effective therapy streptoderma.

The chronic stage is due to episodic manifestations on the dermal layer of large focal inflammations and weeping rashes located on them. The opening of the blisters is accompanied by the formation of yellowish transparent crusts. If they are removed, a purulent-bloody exudate is released.

After healing, the foci of inflammation are covered with slightly pink flaky skin. With timely and properly selected treatment of streptoderma in children, relapses of the disease and a long-term chronic process can be prevented.

Classification

Streptoderma has a large number of types. All of them differ from each other in the place of origin, outward signs, the severity of the process. Let's move on to a direct description of the varieties of pyoderma:

• Streptococcal impetigo. Conflicts are characteristic - vesicles with purulent contents. After opening, yellow crusts remain in their place. When the latter fall off, light spots appear, which disappear after a while. Standard localization - on the face.
• Bullous impetigo. A more severe form of the disease. The vesicles first contain serous fluid, then it transforms into purulent. In place of the opened bula, an erosive painful surface, ulcers remain. The intoxication of the body gradually increases (the temperature rises, weakness appears, The lymph nodes). This type of streptoderma lasts for about 2 months.
• Dry streptoderma. This form does not form bubbles. Reddish spots appear on the skin, covered with several layers of scales, there is no itching. Children tolerate the dry form of streptoderma quite easily. Often confused with allergic dermatitis
• Slit impetigo. It is popularly known as "jam" (we recommend reading: zaeda in a child: causes and treatment). The skin of the face is affected, especially in the corners of the mouth, eyes, wings of the nose. Cracking conflict gives the baby pain and discomfort. If treatment is started on time, all symptoms disappear without a trace. Otherwise, the disease becomes chronic.
• Superficial panaritium (periungual). The name speaks for itself. The skin around the nails on the hands and feet is affected. Streptococcus penetrates into the deep layers of the epidermis, causing inflammation and suppuration. Without treatment, nail rejection can occur.
• Vulgar ecthyma. Severe streptococcus infection. The deepest layers of the skin are involved in the pathological process. Requires urgent therapy. This type of streptococcal infection can cause sepsis, tissue necrosis. Symptoms do not recede for a long time.
• Streptococcal stomatitis. Manifested by a lesion of the mucous membrane in the mouth.

What does streptoderma look like in children - photo of symptoms?

Bubbles that initially appear on the skin of a child with streptoderma are called impetigo. Then erosion appears in their place - sores with a weeping surface.

How to make a diagnosis

If you suspect that your baby has streptoderma, you should immediately contact a specialist - a pediatric dermatologist.

A competent doctor will rely on the data of several diagnostic methods:

1. Clinical signs. According to the external manifestations of the infectious process (the nature of the rash, localization), it is possible to establish the nature of the disease.
2. bacteriological method. For sowing, scrapings are taken from the skin, the contents of the vesicles or purulent discharge of erosive skin lesions. For the correct appointment of therapy, sensitivity to antibiotics is determined.
3. Additional diagnostic methods. Do an analysis for worm eggs, general and biochemical analysis blood, general analysis urine. Based on the results, the activity of the inflammatory process is judged and the selected treatment is adjusted.
4. Differential diagnosis. We must not forget that other diseases are “disguised” as streptoderma, such as: fungal infection of the epidermis, syphilis, staphylococcal pyoderma, chickenpox, herpetic eruptions in the corners of the mouth.

How to treat streptoderma?

Any form of streptoderma, even local, requires mandatory treatment, as it tends to spread, is contagious, and, in addition, streptococcus can provoke serious autoimmune diseases such as rheumatism, glomerulonephritis or endocarditis.

hygiene rules

Sometimes parents neglect the doctor's recommendations regarding hygiene and handling household items, believing that the main thing is to anoint three times a day, the rest is unimportant. In some cases, this is enough, in some, they are very surprised when it turns out that a child cannot recover from a seemingly small sore for several weeks, new rashes appear, and other family members become infected. Compliance with hygiene recommendations is no less important part of the treatment than an ointment for streptoderma or an antibiotic.

Mandatory hygiene moments in the treatment of streptoderma in children:

• do not wash, at least 3-4 days, do not moisten the affected areas with water, as it is an excellent carrier of infection in this case;
• gently wipe the unaffected areas of the skin with a damp towel or a cotton swab soaked in water or a decoction of a string / chamomile;
• make sure that the child does not comb the affected areas; in addition to purely mechanical restrictions, antihistamines, which are prescribed by a doctor, also help to reduce itching of the skin;
• the child should have an individual towel hanging separately from the towels of other family members;
• individual dishes and cutlery, which must be carefully processed after a sick child has used them;
• it is better to remove soft toys for the period of illness, and wash plastic ones regularly;
• constantly change or iron the child's bedding with a hot iron, especially pillowcases;
• in the presence of minor skin lesions - regularly treat them with an antiseptic.

Local treatment

In some sources on the network, recommendations for the treatment of streptoderma in a child are constantly being rewritten from outdated sources, so there are recommendations for lubricating the lesions with mercury ointment or silver nitrate. One of the drugs has been discontinued and is available only for animals as a chemical reagent, the second is banned due to its high toxicity.

Modern antibiotic ointments and antiseptics are much more effective, safer and more convenient to use. Local therapy involves opening conflicts in compliance with all aseptic rules and their further processing with ointments or liquid antiseptics.

Antiseptics

• hydrogen peroxide 1%
• brilliant green, 2% aqueous solution (brilliant green)
• fucorcin or boric acid
• salicylic alcohol 2%

They are applied to the affected areas of the skin with the capture of a certain area around cotton swab or with a swab 2-4 times a day, at the beginning of the treatment, the child will feel a burning sensation and pain for a short time. After the liquid antiseptic has dried, ointment can be applied to the skin.

From folk remedies, long adopted official medicine your doctor may recommend decoctions of chamomile, string, or oak bark, which are well-known antiseptics. Use them as lotions, for rinsing healthy skin, compresses and dressings on affected areas, but not as a main treatment, because. with this pathology, antibiotics are indispensable.

Antibiotics in the treatment of streptoderma

Antibiotics in the treatment of childhood streptoderma are used as local treatment and systemic treatment only if there are strict indications. No doctor will prescribe systemic antibiotic treatment in case of single rashes on the hands or face that respond well to topical treatment. At the same time, it is at least not reasonable to completely abandon this method of therapy in the presence of common forms, and especially when general symptoms are attached, and even more so in severe cases of the disease.

A special group of drugs includes ointments with hormones, which can be prescribed only for a short time and only in especially severe cases. With prolonged use of such drugs, they can provoke a decrease in the protective functions of the skin and increase the body's vulnerability to any infections, therefore, in the case of streptoderma, such drugs can be prescribed only for certain symptoms and only for a short course.

It is possible to carry out such an inexpensive local treatment for mild forms of streptoderma. You will need: zinc ointment (30 rubles), levomycetin tablets (20 rubles), levomycetin alcohol (20 rubles). First, the affected area and the surrounding tissue are treated with levomycetin alcohol, the wound is treated with fucorcin or brilliant green, then allowed to dry. Next, make a mixture of zinc paste / ointment with chloramphenicol tablets crushed into powder, mix thoroughly. And lubricate the wound with this composition in the morning and evening.

Systemic treatment

1. The use of antibiotics. Most often, with streptoderma, children are prescribed antibiotic derivatives of penicillin (amoxiclav, amoxicillin) for oral administration. If a child is allergic to these drugs or has recently had to take them for another reason, then antibiotics of a different type are prescribed (cephalosporins - ciprofloxacin, suprax or macrolides - erythromycin, sumamed, clarithromycin).
2. Preparations with useful lacto- and bifidobacteria. To save normal microflora intestines and prevent intestinal disorders, drugs containing beneficial bacteria. With the use of antibiotics, their content in the body is sharply reduced, which can cause indigestion and the occurrence of infectious diseases of internal organs. As such drugs, duphalac, linex, acipol, hilak-forte, bifidumbacterin are used.
3. Antihistamines. They are prescribed to children to eliminate itching and improve sleep. When choosing drugs, the age and weight of the children must be taken into account. If earlier only diphenhydramine, suprastin, pipolfen were prescribed, now drugs are prescribed that have an effective effect with a lower content of the medicinal substance, such as zirtek, claritin, telfast.
4. Means to strengthen the immune system. In the treatment, multivitamins are prescribed ("Alfavit", "Supradin", "Centrum"), as well as immunomodulating drugs (arbidol, anaferon, viferon), which are necessary to strengthen the body's defenses.

Folk remedies and home treatment

In addition to the main course of therapy, parents can treat the child folk methods. good effect gives the use of compresses, applications and lotions from decoctions medicinal herbs with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties.

1. Eucalyptus ointment. It has a pronounced healing effect. For its preparation, eucalyptus leaves are crushed, poured with sunflower or olive oil in a ratio of 1:1 and insist three days. AT ready mix oak bark should be added. To do this, the oak bark is crushed, dried in the oven and ground to a powder. The powder is steamed in boiling water for 40 minutes and added to the vegetable-oil mixture. The ointment thus obtained is applied to the affected areas of the skin once a day.
2. Ointment of honey and pomegranate. It has a healing and antiseptic effect. An equal amount of honey and unripe pomegranate juice is thoroughly mixed and applied to the lesions several times a day.
3. Tincture of calendula. Well disinfects and dries the affected areas of the skin. To prepare it, calendula flowers are lightly rubbed, poured with medical alcohol in a ratio of 1: 1 and infused in a dark place for 5 days. The finished tincture is filtered and used to treat the skin.
4. A decoction from a string. A tablespoon of dry vegetable raw materials is poured into 200 ml of water and simmered in a water bath for 20 minutes. The finished broth is cooled, filtered and used for lotions. The sequence relieves inflammation, softens and disinfects the skin.
5. Decoction of oak bark. It has an astringent and antiseptic effect. A tablespoon of dry chopped bark is poured into 500 ml of boiling water and simmered for 30 minutes. The finished broth is cooled and lotions are made several times a day, treating the affected skin.

Diet

With streptoderma, a child is rarely hospitalized. As a rule, treatment is carried out at home, under the watchful supervision of parents. And the key point here is the observance of a special diet.

Prohibited products:

• chocolate;
• jam;
• ice cream;
• muffin;
• roast;
• acute.

• fresh berries (cranberries, lingonberries, blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, strawberries) as sources of antioxidants;
• white cabbage, which contains a lot of natural antibiotics;
• dairy products rich in protein, calcium, vitamin D - everything you need to restore the epidermis and the immune system;
• whole grains (flax seeds, brown rice, sesame seeds);
• carrots - a source of carotene, which is an antioxidant and copes well with infection;
• garlic is a natural antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial product;
• coconut milk - antimicrobial agent;
• greens (spinach, parsley, celery) are rich in iron, vitamin C, magnesium;
• lemon - strengthens the immune system, which is usually weakened after streptoderma.

If this diet is observed by the child from the first days of illness, he will quickly recover. An increase in healthy foods in his diet will allow the skin to recover faster after such a serious lesion. In the treatment of streptoderma, water procedures also play an important role.

Causes of relapses and complications in the treatment of streptoderma

In some cases, streptoderma in children occurs for a long time, with relapses and is difficult to treat. This occurs in the absence of therapy, as well as in cases where the patient's body cannot independently resist the pathogen due to the following reasons:

• the presence in a child of diseases that damage the skin: allergic, atopic dermatitis, pediculosis, scabies or a tendency to comb bites, wounds, picking off crusts, etc .;
• with a general decrease in immunity against the background of chronic or frequent diseases, anemia, helminthiases, inflammatory processes in the oral cavity with slit-like streptoderma (“jam”), with prematurity, malnutrition and other factors that inhibit the development of the immune system or reduce its protective functions;
• streptoderma in the nasal passages, in auricles difficult to cure in the presence of otitis, rhinitis, accompanied by secretions that irritate the mucous membranes and skin and promote the growth of bacteria;
• under adverse living conditions: poor hygiene, as well as exposure to low or high temperatures causing damage to the epidermis sunburn, permanent or prolonged contact of the damaged surface with liquids, water (when bathing, infrequent diaper changes, etc.);
• the addition of a secondary infection, staphylococcus, causes streptostaphyloderma, impetigo vulgaris, requiring complex therapy against two pathogens.

What to do if streptoderma does not go away for a long time or has recurred?

With timely start and proper treatment streptoderma usually heals well, and recovery occurs in a week. But there are situations when streptoderma drags on for several weeks, and even for months.

Reasons not effective treatment streptoderma:

1. evolved chronic course streptoderma. In this case, it is required long-term treatment at a dermatologist and family doctor (or pediatrician) using hormonal drugs and immunomodulators, as well as the treatment of concomitant diseases.
2. Lack of treatment or the use of counterfeit drugs (fakes). In order to avoid the purchase of dummy drugs, all medicines must be bought only in official certified pharmacies.
3. Non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, bathing, combing the rashes leads to the appearance of new foci of the rash.
4. The use of antibiotics (both externally and internally) that do not act on the pathogen. If streptoderma does not go away for a long time, then it is simply necessary to find out the sensitivity of bacteria to antibacterial drugs(Unfortunately, an antibiogram is performed infrequently in our country). Only properly selected antibiotics can cope with infectious diseases.
5. Weakened immunity as a result of concomitant diseases or past viral and other infectious diseases. With reduced body defenses, it is difficult to cure any infectious pathology, even when using the most “powerful” antibiotics.
6. This is not streptoderma. Some skin diseases are very similar to streptoderma, which can be the reason for an incorrect diagnosis and, accordingly, inadequate treatment. Therefore, do not self-medicate, but seek help from experienced professionals.
7. The re-development of streptoderma (relapse) usually indicates reduced immunity. In this case, you just need to see a doctor, go through full examination and eliminate the causes of poor body resistance to infections.

Streptoderma and similar diseases

There are a number of diseases with manifestations on the skin, which on different stages development may look like streptoderma. Most of the coincidences occur in the first stage of vesicle formation, however, there are variants of diseases similar to any stage in the development of streptoderma. It is for this reason that the diagnosis and choice of the method of therapy should be carried out by a specialist.

pyoderma

If we speak absolutely precisely, then streptoderma is one of the types of pyoderma - in medicine, all skin pustular diseases of an inflammatory nature belong to the group of pyodermas. But there is also a distinctive feature of the disease in question - the contents of streptoderma vesicles are never purulent, only serous. Even if there is some presence of pus in the liquid, it is minimal and does not make the contents cloudy.

The greatest similarity is observed between pyoderma and impetigo vulgaris - the symptoms are almost the same, even the treatment will be identical. It is important at this moment to accurately determine the type of pathogen and choose the right antibacterial agents for the course of treatment.

Herpetic eruptions

Manifestations of the activity of the human herpes virus on the lips are often confused with streptococcal congestion. When differentiating, it is worth paying attention to three main differences:

• herpes rashes are localized on an intact area of ​​the skin, all forms of streptoderma require skin injuries for development;
• the stages of development of streptoderma proceed faster, the vesicles fall off or open for a much shorter period than with a herpes infection;
• with herpes, itching precedes the onset of rashes, with streptoderma, itching occurs only in the presence of skin manifestations.

Thrush or candidiasis

Candidiasis of the oral cavity can spread to the corners of the lips and form cracks in the skin. Differentiation from pyoderma is carried out by the presence of characteristic white dotted rashes on the internal mucosa of the oral cavity, white plaque, ulcerated mucosal surface underneath.

Allergy manifestations

Some children may have a non-classical manifestation of a skin rash of allergic etiology in the form of small vesicles with transparent contents. In particular, photodermatosis, an "allergy" to solar radiation, which at an early stage looks like one of the forms of pyoderma, can manifest itself in this way in infants.

To distinguish, you must gently press the element of the rash with your finger. If the rash is allergic, the skin around the inflammation will lose its pink or red color. With streptoderma, the color after pressing remains unchanged.

Chickenpox

Since the first rashes in this disease usually appear on the skin of the face and head, in the first hours you can mistake chickenpox for streptoderma. However, after a few hours, other characteristics chicken pox- it is almost impossible to confuse it with streptoderma.

Prevention

Since streptoderma is a contagious disease, it implies the isolation of the child from the team, while the peers in contact with the affected person are quarantined for 10 days. During this time, symptoms of pathology may also occur in other children. In most cases, outbreaks of streptoderma occur in kindergartens, because young children do not particularly follow the rules of personal hygiene, love soft toys and are in close contact during joint games.

When treating streptoderma at home, careful prevention of the spread of infection is needed. Compliance with hygiene is extremely important both for the victim himself and for the rest of the family, in order to exclude the possibility of infection. This is no less important than the local therapy and medicinal treatment.

In general, the prevention of pathology outside of contact with the victim comes down to careful observance of hygiene rules, hardening (sun and air baths) and a complete balanced diet, which is enriched with vitamins.

Streptoderma is an infectious skin disease caused by the penetration and activation of staphylococci (a special kind of bacteria) into the skin.

They have the ability to affect not only the dermis, but also other organs, become the cause serious illnesses(autoimmune) and dermatitis (most often allergic).

It is usually noted in children, but there are cases when streptoderma is diagnosed in adults, and more often in women. In medicine, the disease has another name - streptococcal pyoderma. Characterized by painful skin rashes, can lead to serious complications, therefore it is so important to prevent this disease, avoiding the factors provoking it.

Causes

One of the most important functions of human skin is a barrier, that is, it protects the body from the penetration of pathogenic agents into it. However, many factors (both external and internal) reduce this protective effect, which is why staphylococcus aureus is activated.

These factors are nothing more than the causes of streptoderma, which must be avoided:

All these reasons can be avoided if you treat your health responsibly. Compliance with the rules of hygiene, strengthening immunity, maintaining peace of mind, a healthy lifestyle, a balanced diet - this is what will help you avoid these provoking factors and not get sick.

If this nevertheless happened, it is better to recognize the attack as early as possible in order to undergo a course of treatment on time and not bring the matter to complications.

Streptoderma symptoms

Various skin diseases are very often similar to each other, which makes it difficult to diagnose them. However, the symptoms of streptoderma in adults can still be recognized on their own, even before seeing a doctor.

Read also: for very dry skin - nutrition, moisturizing, relieving irritation, accelerating the regeneration of the skin.

These include:

• skin lesions: impetigo, tourniole, lichen, streptococcal diaper rash and ecthyma, seizures (cracks) in the corners of the mouth;
• staphylococcus affects the arms, legs, face, back, neck, shoulders;
• itching of the skin - very strong, almost unbearable, leading to the only desire - to comb the affected area;
• in some cases, there is an increase in temperature;
• if lymph nodes are close to the lesions of the skin, they may increase in size: despite the fact that this symptom it is characteristic mainly in children, it happens that it is also observed with streptoderma in adults;
• the affected areas are marked by redness, dryness, peeling;
• the scalp and nails are not affected by staphylococcus aureus.

A photo of how streptoderma begins in adults on the face:

It must be remembered that the signs of streptoderma can be individual. It means that rashes may vary from person to person.

Varieties of the disease

The main symptoms of streptoderma are rashes that can be expressed in different ways. Depending on the nature of the skin lesion, the following types are distinguished.

Impetigo

It is usually diagnosed in places where the skin can be easily injured: on the face and extremities. Starts suddenly. It is a bubble (initially - no more than a bean seed), filled with cloudy pus, appearing on a reddened area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin.

During the day it increases (it can even reach 3 cm) and breaks through in the end. After that, erosion with torn, uneven, flaky edges is exposed on the skin. It does not differ in a weeping character, it forms yellow thickened dry crusts.

Moreover, impetigo with streptoderma can be different:

• streptococcal: small bubbles about the size of a pinhead, but no larger than lentils;
• bullous: the size of the rashes is the size of a hazelnut, and sometimes even the size of a pigeon's egg;
• slit-like: are cracks on the wings of the nose or in the corners of the lips (also called seizures or angulitis / cheilitis).

All three types of impetigo are symptoms of streptoderma. Most often they are accompanied by quite severe itching. Even adults allow combing the affected area, and then the rash expands its distribution halo. A large number of infected foci are formed.

Tourniol

Sometimes impetigo turns into a slightly different form of skin lesion, which is called a tourniole. Bubbles are formed with a fairly dense cover that does not open, while the rash does not expand the lesion, however, there are quite a lot of small bubbles with purulent content scattered throughout the body. Often the tourniole affects the periungual roller.

lichen simplex

In children, streptoderma is often accompanied by a simple one, but in adults it is sometimes the only symptom of the disease, although much less often. It manifests itself in the form of round pink spots, which are covered with whitish scales of various sizes.

If there are a lot of them, the spot acquires a grayish-white tint. With the development of infection, the spots become larger, they increase in size, have clear boundaries.

Staphylococcal diaper rash (intertriginous streptoderma)

Formed in skin folds in obese people. Skin surfaces in contact with each other are characterized by redness, swelling, peeling, followed by the formation of weeping erosions.

Since the folds are constantly rubbing against each other, the bubbles open almost instantly. Weeping erosion over time leads to the formation of cracks that cause severe pain.

Streptococcal ecthyma

It is a deeper lesion of the stratum corneum of the skin. A vesicle with purulent contents is formed, it increases in a short time, then dries up and turns into a yellow crust of a light green hue.

Unlike impetigo, it is very close to the skin. If it is removed, an ulcer will be exposed under it, quite painful, with torn edges and pus. If impetigo and tourniole heal without any consequences, then after streptococcal ecthyma, noticeable scars almost always remain.

Most often, this form of streptoderma in adults affects lower limbs. It is dangerous for its consequences, since staphylococcus aureus can touch the internal organs.

Chronic form

If a permanent causes streptoderma - the same external factors(hypothermia, illness, injury in the same place, etc.), then it becomes chronic. Bubbles form again and again on the skin under the influence of provoking factors, and between relapses, an extensive peeling zone forms in their place.

Despite such a variety of forms, streptoderma is treated with the same methods. It is advisable not to self-medicate, and at the first symptoms it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor - preferably a dermatologist. After professional modern diagnostics appropriate treatment will be given.

Diagnostics

To confirm the diagnosis of streptoderma the following procedures are carried out:

• mycological analysis;
• external examination of rashes;
• the contents of the abscess can be taken for bacteriological culture;
• microscopic examination.

After analyzing and studying the patient's condition and the main causes of the disease, the doctor can also prescribe to confirm the diagnosis:

• FEGDS (fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy);
• several blood tests: clinical, to detect sugar levels and thyroid hormones;
• coprogram;
• Abdominal ultrasound.

If there are external characteristic symptoms, as well as the detection of staphylococcus aureus on the skin taken for analysis, the diagnosis is confirmed.

At the same time, you need to know that if any antibacterial ointments were used to eliminate rashes before the doctor's examination, this will make it difficult to diagnose streptoderma, since the tests may give an incorrect result.

Only with a 100% correct diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe how to treat streptoderma, and tell you how to care for the affected areas of the skin.

Treatment of streptoderma with ointments and other drugs

For the effective treatment of streptoderma in adults, various antiseptic and antibacterial drugs are prescribed.

Products for external use

• Disinfectant solutions to treat the skin around the lesion twice a day to localize it further dissemination(salicylic, boric alcohol).
• Wet-drying dressings with aqueous solutions. A sterile multi-layered napkin soaked in the solution and wrung out is applied to the focus. After a quarter of an hour, the procedure is repeated. On the day, such a complex should be repeated at least three times with an interval of three hours. Resorcinol and silver nitrate are taken as solutions.
• Seizures with streptoderma are processed silver nitrate three times a day.
• In the case of a chronic form of the course of the disease abscesses open up. This operation is performed exclusively by professionals, but in no case independently, so as not to introduce an infection and thereby cause serious complications. After the abscesses open, they treated with antibacterial ointments(tetracycline or streptocid) three times a day and covered with bandages.
• Crusts can also be affected disinfectant ointments: rivanol, ethacridine-boron-naftalan, erythromycin.
• For a short period of use under medical supervision are prescribed hormonal external agents- "Triderm" or "Lorinden A, C".
• If there is an acute inflammatory process, may assign ultraviolet irradiation affected areas of the skin. Physiotherapy can be carried out by means of UV, heliotherapy, UHF, ultrasound, electrophoresis, phonophoresis, laser therapy.
• Affected skin is also recommended to be treated iodine.
• For single rashes, usually use ichthyol in its purest form.

Preparations for internal use

• To block the active spread of the infection, the doctor may prescribe antihistamines- "Claritin" or "Telfast".
• If the process is widespread, if there is fever, enlarged lymph nodes, prescribed antibiotics(penicillin and its semi-synthetic analogues, tetracycline, macrolides, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins).
• If the healing process is delayed, vitamin therapy(emphasis is on retinol, thiamine, pyridoxine, ascorbic and niacin acids).
• To strengthen immunity, resort to autohemotherapy and pyrogenal.

In severe cases, a streptococcal vaccine is given.. For the entire time of treatment of streptoderma until complete recovery (from 2 to 4 weeks), quarantine is imposed on the patient. However, the disease does not apply to protracted ones, so the moment of complete recovery in the absence of complications comes quickly.

Not really trusting medications to support the main course of therapy, many treat streptoderma at home with the help of folk remedies. However, it gives an effect only if allowed by the doctor and combined with the main course.

How to treat folk remedies

To speed up recovery, with the disease, auxiliary therapy with folk remedies is allowed.

• bandages soaked in decoctions of herbs are used, which have drying properties and are not allergens: these are chamomile and oak bark;
• since neither shower nor bath can be taken during the illness, it is recommended to wipe healthy skin with napkins soaked in chamomile decoction;
• overheating of the skin and increased sweating should be avoided;
• adherence to a diet that excludes sweet, fatty, spicy foods from the diet;
• clothing should be made of breathable, natural materials.

Any treatment, even the most proven methods, must be accompanied by the permission and supervision of a doctor. Otherwise, complications may arise that are difficult to correct.

Complications after streptoderma

Streptoderma can result in complications if a person is prone to allergies, as well as with untimely or improper treatment. These factors contribute to the fact that the sensitivity of the skin to streptococci increases. It leads to:

• microbial eczema - bright red microerosions begin to secrete drops of serum fluid;
• defeat by staphylococcal infection of internal organs, most often they become the liver or heart;
• cosmetic defects on the skin (scars) after streptococcal ecthyma.

Complications after streptoderma in adults require long-term and serious treatment, so everything must be done to prevent them. The disease itself is also much easier to prevent than to cure.

That's why always take care of a healthy lifestyle- the basis that will allow the skin to always look even, beautiful and almost perfect.

If there are any internal diseases it is necessary to treat them in a timely manner, constantly strengthen the immune system, observe the rules of hygiene, and always treat any wounds and skin injuries on time.

Prevention of streptoderma is to prevent factors that provoke the development staph infection on the skin.