What physiotherapy is done for pneumonia. Physiotherapy for acute pneumonia

In today's world, medical research has reached great heights: Antibiotics were discovered the most complex operations conducted using a camera through microscopic incisions. Even the physical components of our planet (direct and alternating electric current, magnetic field, optical radiation) have found application in the treatment of acute and chronic diseases.

The branch of medicine that studies the use of physical factors in the environment is called physiotherapy. Each doctor prescribes physiotherapy to his patients, especially children, to speed up recovery and reduce the risk of complications.

One of the diseases in the therapy of which physiotherapy plays a huge role is pneumonia.

Pneumonia is an acute infectious-toxic disease characterized by damage to the respiratory part of the lungs and the accumulation of inflammatory exudate inside the alveoli.

A distinctive feature of this disease in children is its ability to chronicity and long-term recurrence (in adults, there are exceptionally acute forms). This is due to the imperfection of the immune system of children.

What are the benefits of physical therapy for the lungs

The physical factors underlying physiotherapy have a huge range of therapeutic effects: they have anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, bacteriostatic, desensitizing effects and stimulate immune system.

With the therapeutic effect of physiotherapy, local, reflex and generalized reactions of the body are formed.

Local exposure implies a decrease in alteration, exudation and proliferation in the focus of inflammation.

Influencing the sensitive nerve endings, this technique triggers a number of reflex reactions, causes the flow of nerve impulses through the posterior horns spinal cord in the cerebral cortex, reticular formation and thalamic tubercles. The above structures stimulate the major organs endocrine system causing the release of hormones into the blood.

Generalized response implies stimulation immune cells, enhancing the formation of antibodies and the formation of humoral and cellular immunity.

There are a number of physiotherapy procedures used for this disease:

Ultrasonic aerosol inhalations with a solution of antibiotics, mucolytics, heparin or glucocorticosteroids. They are performed using nebulizers or special ultrasonic inhalers.

Inhalations with antibiotics are carried out in parallel with their parenteral and enteral use. The most widely used broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as semi-protected penicillins (amoxiclav or flemoxinsolutab) or 2-3rd generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, cefuroxime), which have injectable forms.

When choosing an antibiotic, one should not forget about the individual sensitivity of the patient and the possibility of developing allergic reactions in him.

Inhalations with mucolytics, heparin and hormones are recommended to thin viscous sputum and improve its expectoration.

Medicinal electrophoresis with antibiotics, expectorants (acetylcysteine, ambroxol, lazolvan) and low molecular weight heparins (enoxaparin, fraxiparin, cibor). For the treatment of pneumonia, the electrodes must be placed transversely. The current strength ranges from 7-10 mA. The duration of the session should be 15-20 minutes every other day for 2 weeks.
Decimeter wave treatment of inflammatory infiltrate in the lungs differs from other methods of physiotherapy in that it can be used immediately after the regression of fever.

The methodology is based on therapeutic effect on the human body of an electromagnetic field with a power of 35-45 watts. The duration of one procedure is 5 minutes, it is necessary to apply the method every day for a week.

Pulsed UHF therapy - recommended for use in immunocompromised children. Capacitor plates with a diameter of 12-15 cm are applied to chest transverse to the inflammatory infiltrate. The radiation power is 10-15 W, the duration of sessions is 10 minutes daily. The course of treatment is 7-10 days.
Magnetophoresis antibacterial drugs in respiratory system- the method is carried out by applying two flat radiation inductors to the chest above and below the inflammatory focus. The plates must be applied with the “N” side to the surface of the body. The procedure must be carried out daily (10 sessions) lasting 25-30 minutes.
Ultraviolet irradiation of the chest organs for immunomodulatory effects is carried out through a perforated stabilizer, 1 dose every other day. The course of treatment is 7-10 procedures.
Chest massage using various vibration techniques is recommended to improve sputum discharge and bronchial drainage. Government standards require at least 10 massage sessions.

Contraindications for procedures

Like any other method of treatment, physiotherapy has a whole list of contraindications, such as:

the height of the disease, accompanied by a sharp depletion of the body, fever;
malignant neoplasms;
diseases of cardio-vascular system in the stage of decompensation;
severe atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels;
history of traumatic brain injury, epilepsy;
disorders of the blood coagulation system (hemophilia);
development of neurotoxicosis in children with pneumonia.

Any doctor and patient should mainly remember that no matter how useful physiotherapy is, none of its methods should be used in the acute period of inflammation, so as not to provoke a deterioration in the condition and the development of life-threatening complications.

Pneumonia is considered a very complex disease. Proper Treatment, for example, physiotherapy for pneumonia, quickly puts patients on their feet and helps to eliminate the disease without any serious consequences. But first you need to understand what pneumonia is, how physiotherapy can help in the fight against it.

Pneumonia and general information about it

Pneumonia is infection that is distributed in the respiratory tract. In another way, this disease is called pneumonia. Often this is due to weakened immunity and untreated flu, colds. The causative agent is most often streptococcus, which is located in the lungs. This list can be replenished with pathogens such as enterobacteria, staphylococcus aureus. Most often, streptococcus becomes fatal to humans. It is found by itself in the respiratory tract and on the skin and does not bother a person with a good immune system. But as soon as a person is supercooled, he develops a disease such as pneumonia.

The first sign of pneumonia is a sore or dry cough. In the so-called respiratory tree, bacteria appear and multiply. They begin to destroy the cells of the body, and in response to this, he tries to quickly get rid of the dead substances through the respiratory tract. So, the first signs appear. Then the immune system enters the fight, the cough becomes no longer dry, but wet with phlegm in the bronchi. The common cold lasts no more than 7 days, therefore, if a person cannot recover for more than a week, then this is a symptom of pneumonia. As for the temperature, it can be very high (38-40°C). Sometimes it does not fall below 37 and does not become more than 37.5 ° C. If antipyretics do not help the patient, then this is also a sign of the disease. It hurts a lot to breathe. Shortness of breath and pallor of the skin should also be noted.

How does pneumonia usually progress?

Pneumonia has three stages:

tide;
hepatization;
permission.

Often a person can be cured in 3-4 weeks. It depends on the lesion itself and the state of the human immune system.

Hot flush symptoms:

the patient's skin is red;
heat;
severe shortness of breath;
when the patient takes a breath, he feels pain in the chest.

This stage lasts two days. In the bronchi, an inflammatory process occurs. They accumulate fluid that prevents a person from breathing normally and saturating the body with oxygen. Hence the reddening of the skin.

In the second stage (hepatization or gray hepatization stage), fluid is released from small blood vessels that enter the tissues. Leukocytes begin to attack pneumonia, the alveoli are filled with fluid and cannot fully provide the body with oxygen. This determines the severity of the disease itself. The more tissue in the body that is affected, the more difficult it will be for the person to breathe.

This stage lasts from 5 to 10 days. At this stage, heart failure may develop due to the fact that the person does not have enough air. This applies especially to the elderly who have heart disease. Because of this, there may be cyanosis not only of the lips, but also of the abdomen, upper limbs.

At the last stage, the inflammatory fluid resolves, the pathological symptoms of the disease disappear.

The alveoli are gradually released, air begins to circulate normally, shortness of breath disappears. Edema respiratory tract it may be for a very long time, so the patient may still feel pain in the chest.

Treatment of pneumonia and physiotherapy

In our time, medicine has achieved tremendous success: antibiotics have been invented, doctors can perform various operations, the success of which was not even talked about 10 years ago. There are new ways to treat acute and chronic diseases. Physiotherapy is a branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the use of physical environmental factors. Each specialist sends his patients, adults and children, to physiotherapy. This helps speed up the healing process and reduces the risk of further complications. Inflammation of the lungs is one of those diseases in which it is necessary to undergo a course of physiotherapy.

The doctor prescribes physiotherapy only in medicinal purposes, as they have an anti-inflammatory effect, relieve swelling, stimulate the immune system to protect the body.

There is a whole list of all the procedures that are used for a disease such as pneumonia:

Ultrasonic aerosol inhalation. Antibiotics, mucolytics, heparin are involved. This procedure is performed either with a special ultrasonic inhaler or with a nebulizer. As for antibiotics, they are of a wide spectrum (ceftriaxone, penicillin, and so on). When prescribing such a procedure, the doctor must take into account individual characteristics each patient and be aware of possible allergic reactions. When using a mucolytic, heparin and hormones, sputum liquefies, it is better to expectorate. This procedure lasts 10-15 minutes. There should be 12 such procedures in total.
Electrophoresis with antibiotics, various drugs that help expectoration, and heparin. When pneumonia is treated, the electrodes are placed transversely, the current strength is 8 mA. One session lasts up to 20 minutes, 7 procedures must be completed in 2 weeks.
Decimeter wave treatment of the lungs. It can be used almost immediately after the fever has passed. This procedure affects a person due to its electromagnetic field, the power of which ranges from 35-45 watts. This procedure takes 5 minutes. This procedure is scheduled for a week and is performed every day.
Impulsive UHF-therapy. Prescribed for children who have very weak immunity. Special capacitor plates, the size of which is 12-15 cm, are placed transversely on the child's chest. The power that these plates give out is no more than 13-15 W, and the duration of the session is 10 minutes. Must be done every day for 10 days.
Magnetophoresis using antibacterial drugs in the respiratory system. Two inductors are applied to the chest above and below the inflammatory area. They are placed with the “N” side to the surface of the human body. You need 10 sessions (30 minutes each day).
Ultraviolet radiation. The chest is irradiated through a perforated stabilizer. One dose per day is required. The duration of the course of treatment is about 10 days.
Chest massage. This physiotherapy is carried out in order to improve the waste of sputum, bronchial drainage. This pleasant course of treatment must be completed at least 10 times.

Contraindications to physiotherapy

It happens that these procedures are not suitable for everyone. They have a number of contraindications:

If a person has a peak of the disease, which is accompanied by complete exhaustion body and fever.
The patient has a malignant tumor.
The patient has cardiovascular disease which is at the stage of abnormal functioning.
Atherosclerosis of blood vessels in the brain.
Poor blood clotting (hemophilia).
In children with developing neurotoxicosis.

Treatment of pneumonia cannot occur without physiotherapy. They help the human body get out of a sick state, get stronger and normalize the immune system. But these procedures cannot be carried out in the midst of the disease, as this can worsen the patient's condition, which will be life-threatening and lead to serious consequences.

At the slightest suspicion of pneumonia, each person should consult a doctor for help. It is impossible to cure this disease on your own.

Physiotherapy, exercise therapy, breathing exercises for pneumonia

Physiotherapy stimulates the mechanisms of recovery in acute pneumonia. With severe intoxication and fever, physiotherapy is not carried out, only mustard plasters, jars, alcohol-oil compresses are allowed.

Inhalation therapy

Inhalation therapy can be used to improve the drainage function of the bronchi, the ventilation function of the lungs, as well as for anti-inflammatory purposes. Inhalations should be prescribed taking into account individual tolerance and not in the most acute period. However, inhaled bronchodilators can be used in case of bronchospastic reactions, regardless of the period of the disease.

Bioparox can be recommended for anti-inflammatory and antibacterial purposes. This is a dosed aerosol preparation with a wide spectrum of action (effective for gram-positive and gram-negative coccal flora, gram-positive bacilli, mycoplasma). Bioparox reduces hypersecretion and reduces productive cough in bronchitis, reduces irritative cough in laryngitis and tracheitis. The drug is inhaled every 4 hours for 4 breaths per inhalation.

You can use anti-inflammatory decoctions of herbs (chamomile, St. John's wort) in the form of inhalations. To relieve bronchospasm and improve the drainage function of the bronchi, inhalations of eufillin, euspiran, novodrin, solutan, etc. are used (see "Treatment of chronic bronchitis").

For thinning and better discharge of sputum, inhalation of acetylcysteine is used. For the preparation of aerosols, ultrasonic inhalers should be used.

In the period of the planned recovery, aeroionotherapy with negatively charged ions is advisable (they increase ventilation, increase oxygen consumption, and have a desensitizing effect).

electrophoresis

With an anti-inflammatory purpose and to accelerate the resorption of the inflammatory focus, electrophoresis of calcium chloride, potassium iodide, lidase, heparin is applied to the area of localization of the pneumonic focus.

In the case of bronchospastic syndrome, electrophoresis of eufillin, platifillin, magnesium sulfate on the chest is prescribed, for coughing and pain in the chest - electrophoresis of novocaine, dicaine.

UHF electric field

The UHF electric field accelerates the resorption of the inflammatory focus, reduces exudation, enhances capillary circulation, has a bacteriostatic effect, and reduces intoxication. UHF is prescribed to the inflammatory focus in a low-thermal dose and combined or alternated with electrophoresis of calcium chloride or potassium iodide.

It should be remembered that UHF currents contribute to the development of pneumosclerosis. Therefore, with the development of pneumonia against the background of chronic bronchitis, the UHF field is contraindicated.

inductothermy

Inductothermy - exposure of the body to a high-frequency magnetic field (short-wave diathermy). The procedure enhances blood and lymph circulation, increases metabolism, relaxes smooth and striated muscles, has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects. Inductothermia is prescribed for patients with a widespread inflammatory process in the lungs. With prolonged pneumonia, combine or alternate inductothermia on the chest and adrenal glands.

After inductothermia, for the speedy resorption of the inflammatory infiltrate, it is advisable to prescribe electrophoresis of heparin, nicotinic acid.

Microwave electromagnetic field (UHF therapy)

Microwave oscillations are used in two ranges - centimeter (SMW-therapy) and decimeter (UHF-therapy).

CMW-therapy is performed by the Luch-58 device and helps to resolve the inflammatory infiltrate in the lungs. The depth of penetration into the tissues is 3-5 cm. Foci located at a greater depth are not accessible to exposure. CMV therapy is often poorly tolerated by patients with CAD.

UHF-therapy is performed by the Volna-2, Romashka, Ranet devices and has advantages over other methods.

When treating with decimeter waves, the tissues are exposed to an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency (433-460 MHz) and low power (up to 70-100 W). UHF-therapy is characterized by a high degree of absorption of ultra-high frequency energy, deep penetration into tissues (7-9 cm), which provides a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and positive influence per function external respiration. UHF therapy allows you to concentrate parallel beams and provide only local effects. The procedure is well tolerated even by patients with coronary artery disease.

UHF therapy can be prescribed in the first 2-7 days after the body temperature drops to normal or subfebrile numbers. They act on the chest in the projection of the inflammatory focus for 10-15 minutes daily. The course of treatment - 19-12 procedures.

Applications, acupuncture

In the phase of resolving pneumonia, the patient is recommended paraffin, ozocerite, mud applications, as well as various methods of acupuncture: acupuncture, electroacupuncture, laser puncture. Under the influence of acupuncture, vegetative-somatic disorders are normalized, the compensatory-adaptive capabilities of the body increase, which contributes to the rapid resorption of the inflammatory focus, the elimination of bronchospastic manifestations, and the normalization of the function of the mucociliary apparatus.

Acupuncture is not indicated for patients with fever, intoxication, pulmonary and heart failure, with pronounced morphological changes in the lungs.

Therapeutic Physical Culture

When doing exercise therapy, the mobility of the chest improves, VC increases, the work of the circulatory system and the supply of oxygen to tissues improve, the protective capabilities of the body increase, ventilation and drainage function of the bronchi improve. All this ultimately accelerates the resorption of the inflammatory focus in the lungs.

Exercise therapy is prescribed on the 2nd-3rd day of the decrease in body temperature, with a satisfactory condition of the patient.

In the acute period of pneumonia, the position is treated. The patient is recommended to lie on a healthy side for 3-4 hours a day. This position improves aeration of the diseased lung. To reduce the formation of adhesions in the diaphragmatic-costal angle, it is recommended to lie on a healthy side with a roller under the chest. The position on the abdomen reduces the formation of adhesions between the diaphragmatic pleura and the posterior chest wall, the position on the back - between the diaphragmatic pleura and the anterior chest wall.

Thus, in the acute period of the disease, it is necessary to change position during the day.

During the patient's stay on bed rest, with a decrease in body temperature, static breathing exercises are prescribed to enhance inhalation and exhalation and improve sputum discharge (deep inhalation through the nose and slow exhalation through the mouth, slightly pressing the hands on the chest and upper abdomen to increase exhalation).

As the patient's condition improves, breathing exercises are combined with exercises for the limbs and torso, and then breathing exercises with resistance are included to increase the strength of the respiratory muscles. Dosed compression of one or another section of the chest is performed according to the initial strength of the respiratory muscles.

Breathing exercises are best done in a sitting or standing position.

As you improve clinical condition the patient is prescribed general strengthening physical exercises, then walking, sports and applied exercises (walking, ball games, exercise equipment, bicycles) are included.

In all exercises of therapeutic gymnastics, a set of breathing exercises is necessarily included, taking into account the following rules: inhalation corresponds to straightening the body, spreading or raising the arms, exhaling - to bending the body, bringing or lowering the arms.

Highly great importance has diaphragmatic breathing training in a lying or standing position. The patient stands with legs wide apart; taking his hands to the sides, he takes a breath, then, moving his hands forward and leaning down, he makes a slow exhalation, during which the abdominal muscles should be drawn in.

If the patient lies on his back, then he puts his hands on his stomach and makes a long exhalation, blowing out the air with his mouth; hands at this time, he presses on the front abdominal wall by intensifying exhalation.

It is advisable to accompany breathing exercises to increase the strength of the diaphragm with sounds or short successive series of expiratory movements (shocks), during which the abdominal muscles tense and the diaphragm contracts at the same time.

Hard cell massage

Chest massage significantly improves microcirculation in the lungs, the drainage function of the bronchi, promotes resorption inflammatory infiltration in the lungs. Massage is used at all stages of the disease, taking into account body temperature, intoxication, the state of the cardiovascular system.

How do children recover from pneumonia?

Rehabilitation after pneumonia in children is a rather complicated and lengthy process. pneumonia, or acute inflammation lung tissue is a common disease. Not only the critical stage of this disease is dangerous, but also its consequences and possible relapses.

Practice shows that with timely treatment and the right doctor's prescriptions, the focal form of inflammation disappears in 10-12 days. But it's too early to talk about a full recovery. Untreated pneumonia is fraught with serious complications.

Look for the root cause!

Pneumonia is an infection. It can be called:

bacteria (groups of pneumococci, streptococci, Escherichia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa);
viruses (herpes, influenza, adenoviruses);
fungal pathogens (candida and aspergillus).

The route by which the infection enters the child's body is most often oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. In inflammatory processes in other internal organs it can also enter the lungs through the bloodstream.

In order to prevent a recurrence of the disease and speed up the recovery process, it is important to find out why the child fell ill. This may be reduced immunity, foci of infection in preschool institutions and schools, chronic diseases upper respiratory tract (bronchitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis).

The culprit may be an unfavorable environment: a gassed, industrial area where a child lives or spends most of his time. It is necessary to impartially evaluate the frequency and quality of cleaning in the apartment. It is elementary to think about the need to ventilate the room more often.

year under supervision

Inflammatory diseases lungs in children today are treated in hospitals. As a rule, the child is discharged one month after the control x-ray.

In any case, the patient must be registered with a pediatrician or pulmonologist for a year. Approximately the same amount of time will be required for the full rehabilitation of the body.

In the first month after discharge, the course of antibiotics is completed and bronchodilators and expectorants are taken. medicines as well as preparations for recovery intestinal microflora. The attending physician will give advice on the best diet for the child. In the period after inflammation, vitamin A is especially needed, which will help restore the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. Therefore, the menu should be: apricots, carrots, egg yolk, liver, broccoli.

Cereals (rice, wheat, oatmeal), nuts, chocolate, turkey, lamb and duck contain quite a large number of zinc. It has been established that it is able to ensure the integrity of the cells of the respiratory tract during inflammation or damage to the lungs.

Make sure your child drinks enough water. Water helps thin the mucus that has accumulated in the lungs. This makes it easier to expectorate.

Tasks of the recovery period

Parents should know and understand the purpose for which a complex of various activities is carried out, which requires a lot of time and effort. The complex includes the following tasks:

it is necessary, in order to avoid complications and relapses, to accelerate the resorption of inflammatory exudate, for which they stimulate blood supply and lymph circulation in the lungs;
be sure to monitor the separation of sputum, which is a measure to prevent the development of bronchiectasis;
you need to train the respiratory muscles, restore the rhythm of breathing;
it is required to strengthen and support all body systems;
it is important to carry out physiotherapy treatment.

When the patient's temperature returned to normal, you can start a course of physiotherapy. This method of treatment has proven its anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, immunostimulatory efficacy.
During rehabilitation after pneumonia in children, physiotherapy is required. But some parents are quite wary of her. Let's see what the main types of physiotherapy are:

UHF is a method of treatment with an ultra-high frequency electric field. It has been used for a long time and very successfully. Mothers of today's children can remember their childhood and the so-called warm-ups: two records in cloth bags. UHF has an anti-inflammatory effect, improves sputum discharge, improves immunity. There are practically no contraindications to the use of UHF therapy in childhood and adolescence.
UV - ultraviolet radiation. For decades, it has been used to combat viruses, bacteria and inflammatory processes of various pathologies. In reasonable doses, UV radiation is harmless.
Inductothermy. The principle of influence is based on an alternating magnetic field. When this procedure is carried out, the child feels warm.
Laser therapy. Improves microcirculation in the lung tissue, reduces spasm of bronchial smooth muscles, enhances the effect of antibiotics by intensifying blood flow in the lungs.
Electrophoresis combines the effects of direct current and a drug (Ribonuclease, Streptomycin, Trypsin) on the body. Contraindications: acute form diseases, dermatitis.
Inhalations. Depending on the physical condition inhaled substances can be inhaled: dry, wet, oily. This procedure is especially convenient because, having received the necessary recommendations from a doctor, it can be carried out at home.

Now there are household inhalers - nebulizers. They spray the drug into dispersed particles. The latter are able to reach the deep parts of the respiratory organs (bronchi and bronchioles). Inhalation is contraindicated in case of allergic reactions.

To modern, but still rare species rehabilitation measures speleotherapy and halotherapy can be attributed, which are based on the reconstruction of the artificial microclimate of the caves.

Therapeutic and breathing exercises

With pneumonia, the bronchi are filled with a secret, which leads to hypostatic (stagnation) phenomena, resulting in respiratory failure and subsequent complications. A special course of physical exercises helps to cope with this problem. Now there are author's methods of treatment-and-prophylactic complexes, including those for children. Classes in groups of physiotherapy exercises are conducted by doctors at hospitals and clinics. In any case, you can get specific recommendations from the doctor who sees your child.

Physical education classes begin as soon as the patient's temperature returns to normal.

The simplest exercise is turning from one side to the other, from the stomach to the back. The inflammatory process causes unpleasant, even painful sensations. The child instinctively rolls over to the other less painful side. Mom should make sure that he does not sleep on one side, otherwise this can lead to the development of adhesive processes.

Respiratory (respiratory) gymnastics. Easy, but effective exercise: put your hands on your stomach and take deep breaths at least 15 times. It is important that these and other exercises prescribed by the doctor must be performed in the presence of an adult! Sometimes passion and uncontrolled activities lead to nausea, dizziness and even fainting.

Subsequently, if the recovery process is going well, it is necessary to regularly walk in the fresh air. Pine forest, seashore, eucalyptus grove - ideal for walking.

About the benefits of massage

Inflammation of the lungs is associated with bouts of coughing. At the same time, the muscles of the chest are terribly tense. Especially often there are complaints that everything hurts in the chest and in the stomach, in children of kindergarten age. Therefore, one of the main goals of massage is to relieve tension by relaxing the muscles.

But for babies, massage is necessarily indicated because it allows you to restore the drainage system of the lungs: to facilitate coughing and expectoration.

It is better to entrust the massage of the crumbs to a specialist.

All of the above are only the main measures for the rehabilitation of a child after pneumonia. Parents need to carefully listen to the recommendations of the pediatrician, do not be shy to ask him again about what they do not understand.

Get a notebook in which you record daily observations of the child (temperature, sleep, appetite), write down what medications he took. Take this notebook to your doctor's appointment. Detailed records of the patient's condition will be useful to him.

Physiotherapy for pneumonia

pneumonia is acute illness, predominantly infectious etiology, characterized by focal lesions of the respiratory sections of the lungs, the presence of intra-alveolar exudation, detected during physical and / or instrumental research, varying degrees severity of febrile reaction and intoxication. The sequence of disease processes includes the stages of bacterial aggression, clinical stabilization, morphological and functional recovery of the bronchopulmonary system.

Complex treatment of pneumonia is carried out in stationary (hospital) conditions. The list of physiotherapeutic procedures is very diverse and corresponds to the stage of the course of the disease.

Of the physiotherapeutic appointments, in the first place are warm-moist inhalations of solutions of antibiotics and sulfa drugs, which are replaced in the next phase of the pathological process by inhalation therapy with mucolytics.

The second in etiopathological significance is drug electrophoresis of the necessary medications.

At the subsequent stages, UHF-, UHF-, SMW-therapy and inductothermy on the chest area are traditionally used.

Prevention of recurrence of inflammation is facilitated by ultrasound therapy procedures according to generally accepted methods.

Of the phototherapy methods, the most optimal are the skin effects of NLI - laser (magnetolaser) therapy, as well as course (at least 7 daily procedures) intravenous laser blood irradiation. Blood irradiation with ultraviolet radiation is more problematic due to undesirable consequences due to a possible overdose of the factor and damage to blood cell elements due to objective reasons for the lack of accurate dosimetric control.

Appropriate procedures of water and heat treatment are pathogenetically determined and are widely used for the treatment of patients with pneumonia according to generally accepted methods.

The task of a family doctor at the inpatient stage of supervising a ward patient is to substantiate the expediency and convince hospital doctors to carry out UHF-, UHF-, CMW-therapy and inductothermy procedures on various areas the patient's body in the athermal mode of exposure.

In most cases, patients with pneumonia in the convalescence stage are still in stationary conditions need psychological rehabilitation by influencing the frontal lobes of the brain with the help of the Azor-IK apparatus; the technique and methods of carrying out the procedures are similar to those for COPD. As an alternative to psychological rehabilitation by information-wave influence, it is recommended to conduct electrosleep therapy according to standard methods.

After discharge from the hospital, the family doctor is obliged to continue the treatment of patients who have had pneumonia at home, since the convalescence stage can be protracted. During this period, from the physiotherapeutic procedures, the information-wave effect was shown with the help of the Azor-IK apparatus.

The procedures are carried out according to the contact, stable technique on the exposed areas of the patient's body.

Impact fields: - on the region of the middle third of the sternum, II - on the interscapular region of the spine, III - on the projection area on the chest of the eliminated focus of inflammation of the lung tissue.

EMR modulation frequency 10 Hz, exposure time per field 20 minutes, per course 10-15 procedures daily 1 time per day in the morning (up to 12 noon).

It is possible to repeat (3-5 days after discharge from the hospital) psychological rehabilitation procedures using the Azor-IK device on the projection of the frontal lobes of the patient's head using a combined method. The impact is carried out by contact, stably, 2 times a day.

The frequency of EMR modulation is 21 Hz in the morning after waking up and 2 Hz before a night's sleep.

The exposure time on the field is 20 minutes, for a course of 7 - 10 procedures daily.

A very effective method that contributes to the functional recovery of the bronchopulmonary system is the daily procedures in the evening (1 hour after dinner) on the Frolov breathing simulator (TDI-01) according to the methods attached to this inhaler. This simulator is recommended for every patient with chronic bronchopulmonary pathology to own. Procedures on the Frolov breathing simulator must be carried out both in a hospital after the elimination of the active phase of the inflammatory process, and at home after discharge from the hospital (hospital). The duration of daily procedures is from 1 week to 3 months.

It is possible to carry out sequential procedures on the same day in outpatient clinics and at home after pneumonia (the interval between procedures is at least 30 minutes):

information-wave impact with the help of the Azor-IK device + procedures on the Frolov breathing simulator;
psychological rehabilitation procedures using the Azor-IK device + procedures on the Frolov breathing simulator;
information-wave impact using the Azor-IK apparatus + psychological rehabilitation procedures using the Azor-IK apparatus + procedures on the Frolov breathing simulator.

Who to contact?

Physiotherapist Pulmonologist

Treatment of pneumonia in children

Pneumonia is a disease that is best known only in theory, however, like any other. Nevertheless, the statistics are not comforting - three children out of five at least once, but suffered this disease. Most often, it overtakes children at a particularly tender age - at 2-3 years. It is noteworthy that her clinical picture, symptoms and, of course, treatment, is significantly different from how it all goes in adults. Inflammation of the lungs (as the disease is commonly called in everyday life) is a significant danger to the health and life of babies, so it is extremely important timely diagnosis and treatment.

Treatment of pneumonia in children

Treatment of pneumonia in a child is prescribed by a doctor who decides and under what conditions it is more appropriate to carry it out. So, if the child is less than 3 years old, the disease is severe and there is a risk of complications, then the treatment is carried out in a hospital. If the course of the disease is smooth, then it makes sense to leave the child at home under the supervision of loving relatives.

When treating a child at home, it is important to ensure that he adheres to bed rest. For better ventilation of the lungs, you can raise the pillows and mark the child in a half-sitting position. The room where the patient is located should be regularly cleaned and ventilated. Food should meet the age needs of the child, be easy to eat and warm, in addition, the baby's diet should include a plentiful fortified drink - rosehip broth, juices, fruit drinks from fresh berries and fruits. Fried, fatty, spicy and smoked is better to exclude altogether for a while.

Pneumonia in children without fever

AT last years more and more often you hear the phrase "SARS", but few people know how it differs from "typical" pneumonia. Its main difference is that it is caused by specific pathogens - staphylococci, pneumococci, chlamydia and mycoplasmas. Most often it occurs in children, adults are extremely rarely affected by this disease.

In addition, the picture of the disease is also different - atypical pneumonia often disappears without fever and is more like a common acute respiratory disease. In this case, blood counts may not change. The child is tormented by a debilitating dry cough, more acute bronchitis. The treatment of this disease also has its own characteristics, since the causative agents of SARS do not respond to all antibiotics, but only to certain ones. To prescribe an adequate drug, a sputum test is taken for sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. Only in this case, the treatment will be effective.

Antibiotics for pneumonia in children

Since pneumonia is caused by an infectious and inflammatory process, antibiotic therapy cannot be dispensed with in its treatment. The drug corresponding to the nature and severity of the course of the disease, from the whole variety available in the arsenal modern medicine, should be selected only by a doctor. In no case should you self-medicate and give your child antibiotics without a doctor's prescription.

In addition to the use of antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in children, the following methods and means of rehabilitation after pneumonia in children are also used:

Prevention of pneumonia in children

There are two types of preventive measures: primary and secondary. Primary prevention includes general recommendations regarding hardening, adherence to the regimen, providing the child with good nutrition and sufficient physical activity.

Secondary prevention is to ensure complete cure of pneumonia and protect the child from infection to prevent recurrence.

Features of physiotherapy for bronchitis

Physiotherapy for bronchitis is a series of measures aimed at suppressing the inflammatory process and improving the drainage function of the bronchi. The main task of physiotherapy is aimed at healing and strengthening the body as a whole.

In chronic bronchitis, all therapeutic measures are carried out both during the period of exacerbation of the disease, and during its remission. In an acute process, all procedures are prescribed immediately after the acute period has passed and the temperature has returned to normal.

Physiotherapy methods

Physiotherapy has a very positive effect on a person's well-being, reduces discomfort and inflammation in bronchitis. In addition, such procedures regulate the blood supply. The most effective and popular methods of physiotherapy include:

Inhalation - is carried out without any influence of electrical devices.

It should be noted that children and pregnant women can safely use inhalations. The drugs used for this procedure are absorbed faster and better than those given orally. For inhalation, as a rule, substances such as a 2% solution of sodium chloride with various herbs (sage, coltsfoot, chamomile) are used. Any expectorant is widely used.

Today, ultrasonic inhalations using nebulizers are very popular. Their distinguishing feature is that some of them are intended for mineral waters and special medical solutions, and others for oil and herbal solutions.

Another plus of such procedures is that they can be easily carried out at home. To do this, in the pharmacy you need to purchase a special device for inhalation and herbs. Experts do not advise choosing herbs for this procedure on their own. It is better to consult a doctor. This will help to avoid possible side effects as an unexpected allergic reaction.

Although inhalations are a very effective method of combating bronchitis, they can not be carried out by all patients.

It is better to refuse this procedure both in the midst of an illness, and with purulent endobronchitis. Oncological diseases are a contraindication to such treatment.

Chest massage is also a fairly effective method that does not require the negative effects of medications.

A professional massage therapist taps the patient's chest with the pads of the index and ring fingers. The masseur performs pleasant stroking, kneading and rubbing. During the procedure, a special heated oil is used. The duration of such a massage, as a rule, does not exceed 5 minutes. For a good result, at least 5 such procedures are required.

UHF-therapy - this procedure is very useful, as it stimulates the protective functions of the body, reduces pain during illness and has an anti-inflammatory effect.

During UHF therapy, the human body is affected by a high-frequency electric field. The duration of such a procedure, as a rule, does not exceed 20 minutes. In total, from 6 to 12 such effects on the body are carried out. 2 UHF-therapy should be carried out per day.

Electrophoresis for bronchitis is also a fairly common physiotherapy method.

The essence of this procedure is the interaction of a special drug introduced into the patient's body and an electric current. The current contributes to the rapid delivery of drugs to the focus of the disease. Electrophoresis contributes to the speedy discharge and liquefaction of sputum and several times increases the effectiveness of taking applications and tablets.

Magnetotherapy is also used for bronchitis. With the help of this procedure, specialists reduce the inflammatory process and improve metabolism. It should also be noted that magnetotherapy has a slight analgesic effect.

A complex approach

For the best result, physiological procedures are often combined with activities that contribute to the overall hardening of the body. Such activities include water procedures.

Coniferous and salt baths, circular showers and wiping the body with water are very popular.

Breathing exercises and physiotherapy exercises are very useful.

Physiotherapy in the treatment of babies

Physiotherapy methods that are used to treat adults are slightly different from the methods that can be applied to children. The thing is that the child's body is not as strong as the body of an adult, so all methods of treating bronchitis should be carried out with the least load on the baby's organs and tissues.

In the treatment of crumbs, ultraviolet radiation is very often used. This method has such positive properties. how:

Reduction of the inflammatory process and edema.
Normalization of metabolic processes in the child's body.
Activation of the adaptive function of the body.
Improved sputum discharge.
Stimulation of immunity.

Basically, with bronchitis, doctors irradiate the patient's chest.

Well-proven such a method of treating bronchitis in children, as KUF-therapy. In this case, the baby's body is affected by short-wave ultraviolet radiation, which has a mycocidal and bactericidal effect.

It's no secret that various herbs and medicinal preparations are very effective in many diseases. Bronchitis is no exception. medicinal plants can be used both during remission and during exacerbations.

To enhance the expectorant effect and treat the chronic form of bronchitis, doctors usually prescribe plants such as:

Origanum vulgaris - a very effective tincture can be prepared from this plant at home. To do this, you need to mix 75 g of oregano in 200 g of water. The resulting product should be taken warm, ½ cup at least 3 times a day, 20 minutes before meals.
Blueberry Root - This plant can also be used to make a tincture. 8 g of cyanosis root should be brewed in 200 g of water and the resulting liquid should be taken 3 tablespoons a day after meals.
Coltsfoot - to prepare a medicinal decoction, you will need to brew 10 g of the plant in 200 g of boiling water. As soon as the liquid has cooled, it can be taken inside 2 tablespoons every 3 hours.
Viburnum vulgaris - 1 cup of the fruits of the plant should be poured with 1 cup of boiling water and boil the resulting consistency for at least 10 minutes. The finished broth should be filtered, cooled and add 3 tablespoons of honey to it. A decoction of viburnum vulgaris should be taken ½ cup 3 times a day.

Prevention of exacerbations

The patient, as a rule, immediately understands that he had an exacerbation.

This is indicated by the increased number and change appearance sputum. It contains impurities of pus. At the slightest suspicion of an exacerbation of bronchitis, the patient should immediately seek help from a doctor.

It should be noted that running exacerbations are stopped only with the help of corticosteroids. For prevention, drugs are prescribed that protect the patient's body from infections of the upper respiratory tract. Such drugs should be taken every month for 10 days. The duration of treatment should not be less than 6 months. If this is not done, then there is a high risk that the symptoms of the disease will soon return.

Physiotherapy is a complex of medical measures, without which the treatment of pneumonia can last a very long time. The procedures included in the course of physiotherapy are used during the treatment of the active period of pneumonia, during rehabilitation to improve general condition patient and stimulation of recovery processes in the body.

Methods of physiotherapy for pneumonia

During the treatment of pneumonia, the main goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation and swelling of the tissues. Along with the use of antiviral or antibacterial drugs, physiotherapy actively contributes to the treatment of the disease, stimulating an increase in the body's immune defenses and preventing the formation of congestive processes.

For the treatment of pneumonia is used:

electric field of ultrahigh frequency (UHF therapy);
inductothermy;
inhalation;
ultraviolet irradiation;
electrophoresis;
magnetotherapy;
decimeter wave therapy;
thermal procedures;
therapeutic chest massage.

Procedures are applied at different stages of the disease to eliminate active inflammatory processes and their consequences.

Electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency (UHF therapy)

The impact of an ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic field is used to treat an acute inflammatory process in the lungs. The technique is used in combination with the reception medicines with pneumonia.

Properties of UHF therapy:

Elimination of the risk of formation of stagnation of exudate in the tissues (pleurisy).
Removal of puffiness.
Restoration of the metabolic process in tissues due to the stimulation of blood microcirculation.
Isolation of the focus of the inflammatory process from healthy parts of the body.
Reducing the rate of spread of pneumonia.
Providing an antibacterial effect.

UHF procedures are carried out for 10 minutes daily for a week.

inductothermy

Inductothermy is a technique used in cases of root or central pneumonia. Unlike the previous method, during inductothermy, the focus of the inflammatory process is exposed to a high-frequency magnetic field.

Properties of inductothermy:

Strengthening metabolic processes in tissues due to stimulation of blood supply.
Increased outflow of lymph.
Reducing the risk of bronchospasm.
Stimulation of the release of sputum masses.
Improving metabolism in tissues.

Inductothermia is carried out daily or after 1 day, the duration of one event is 15 minutes. The course of treatment is 10 procedures.

Inhalations

Inhalations are used to increase the contact of the medications taken with the affected tissue areas during the period of pneumonia.

The properties of inhalation determine the use of certain drugs and their medical qualities:

Reducing the severity of the inflammatory process.
Improved upper breathing.
Antibacterial action (when using oils, salt or antibacterial drugs).
regenerative effect.
Prevention of the formation of adhesions and scars in the area of damaged epithelium (the use of antibacterial drugs in combination with physiotherapy procedures such as electrophoresis and breathing exercises).

For the procedure, bronchodilators and sputum-removing drugs are used. Inhalations are carried out using a special device daily for 15-20 minutes. The course of inhalations is 1 week.

Important! It should be noted that the procedure is applied after the elimination of purulent formations and pronounced edema, otherwise inhalation may adversely affect the patient's recovery.

ultraviolet irradiation

Ultraviolet irradiation is prescribed during the development of chronic and subacute forms of pneumonia. During the procedure, the anterior and posterior surfaces of the chest are affected.

Ultraviolet irradiation during pneumonia contributes to:

Removal of inflammation.
Improving the circulatory system.
Strengthening the work of cells of the immune system.
Reducing the size of infiltrates.

The duration of the procedure is 15 minutes.

Electrophoresis is a procedure used in conjunction with UHF therapy in the case of subacute or staphylococcal pneumonia. As a result of the applied electric current, the active flow of drugs into the patient's body is carried out, and the following properties are observed:

Removal of inflammation.
Decreased pain syndrome.
Decrease in pronounced edema.
Improvement of blood supply to tissues.

Interesting! In the process of electrophoresis, various drugs and substances are used, including calcium chloride, potassium iodide, and lidase.

Electrophoresis is a painless medical event, the duration of which varies from 15 to 20 minutes. The minimum course duration is 5 days.

Magnetotherapy is used in case of detection of severe intoxication of the body during the period of pneumonia. During the procedure, the effect of a magnetic field on the affected tissue areas is carried out.

Properties of magnetotherapy:

Reducing edema.
Stimulation of capillary circulation.
Improvement of metabolic processes.
Reduces the manifestation of intoxication.

The procedure is performed daily for 5-10 minutes. The course of magnetotherapy - 10 days.

Decimeter wave therapy

Decimeter wave therapy affects the focus of inflammation and the interscapular region with the help of magnetic vibrations.

Therapy properties:

Removal of inflammation.
Restoration of natural metabolism in tissues.
Increased blood circulation.
Stimulation of the secretory functions of the glands.

The procedure is applied daily for 8 days.

The technique and mechanism of action of decimeter wave therapy has many similar qualities with UHF therapy, however, it has a large number of contraindications.

Thermal treatments

Thermal procedures are prescribed to the patient during the recovery period for the final elimination of the effects of pneumonia.

In the process of warming the chest, it is used:

paraffin;
mud;
ozokerite.

The duration of treatment measures is up to 20 minutes. The general course of treatment is 10 days.

Thermal procedures help to reduce the residual inflammatory process and reduce the risk of recurrence of the disease.

chest massage

Massage in the chest area is a common method of physiotherapy used at different stages of the treatment of pneumonia for:

Recovery and stimulation of the respiratory muscles.
Restoration of mobility and functional ability of the respiratory system.
Stimulation of lung tissue elasticity.
Restoration of active blood supply to the respiratory organs.

Massage promotes the release of sputum and prevents the formation of congestion.

The main directions of physiotherapy for pneumonia in children

Not all physiotherapy procedures are approved for use in relation to children. Also, during the treatment of small patients, the duration of the course and the procedures themselves change.

Children's physiotherapy measures include:

electric waves;
thermal procedures;
inhalation;
electrophoresis;
quartzing;
children's chest massage;
manual therapy;
therapeutic physical culture (LFK);
breathing exercises;
phytotherapy (use of natural plant preparations).

In addition to eliminating pneumonia in active form, physiotherapy is used to treat the chronic form of the disease.

Contraindications to physiotherapy

General contraindications for physiotherapy:

Body temperature above 38 degrees.
Risk of development or signs of bleeding.
Acute forms of pneumonia with signs of a purulent process.
Heart failure 2 or 3 degrees.
Pulmonary insufficiency 2 or 3 degrees.
Severe diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Detection of neoplasms.
Bullous emphysema.
Blood diseases.

Many physiotherapy procedures are used in combination with or after completion of basic treatment with antibiotics or antiviral drugs.

Contraindications for physiotherapy for children are similar to the general list of contraindications, but it is worth checking with the pediatrician the minimum allowed age for a particular procedure.

Acute pneumonia - according to clinical and morphological features, acute pneumonia is divided into lobar and focal, along the course - into acute and protracted.

Croupous pneumonia. Physiotherapy for croupous pneumonia must necessarily be combined with medications etiological significance. The use of physiotherapy in combination with early antibiotic therapy (antibiotic and sulfanilamide) reduces the period of the disease, prevents the development of complications. In severe cases, oxygen therapy is indicated. Inhalation of oxygen should be long with short breaks.

UV irradiation in the erythemal phases can be started even with an unfinished febrile period and symptoms of mild general intoxication (procedures during this period are carried out in the ward). Irradiation is carried out with fields in the area of the affected area of the lung, front, side and back using from 2 to 6 biodoses, the area of exposure is from 100 to 400 cm 2 ; procedures are carried out daily in one field; for a course of treatment up to 18-20 procedures.

With subsiding of acute inflammatory manifestations, with slight intoxication, including subfebrile temperature bodies, from about the 7-8th day from the onset of the disease, e. n. UHF in a low-thermal dosage on the area of \u200b\u200bthe changed lung for 8-15 minutes; for a course of treatment from 8 to 15 procedures (UHF for the lung area).

From physiotherapy, UHF with a power of 30-40 W is also used through a 35x16 cm emitter to the area of the altered lung from the back or side surface of the chest (UHF to the lung area): e. UHF and UHF are contraindicated in hemoptysis.

From the 12th-14th day from the beginning of the disease, fibrinolysin-heparin-electrophoresis is prescribed, during which 20,000 units of fibrinolysin are diluted in 200 ml. distilled water, acidified with hydrochloric acid (35-40 drops of 0.1 N solution). Wet the gasket of the electrode-anode with this solution (area 150 cm 2 ). The electrode-cathode pad (100 cm 2 ) is wetted with a heparin solution. The anode electrode is placed on the chest in the projection area of the inflammatory focus, the cathode is on the opposite side; the duration of exposure is 15-20 minutes, the first 3 procedures are carried out every other day, then daily; for a course of treatment 10-15 procedures. This technique is especially indicated for patients with late dates hospitalization (more than 4-5 days from the onset of the disease), with severe disease and the elderly.

Since croupous pneumonia, as a rule, occurs with more or less pronounced pleurisy, it is necessary to take appropriate therapeutic measures (see Pleurisy).

Focal pneumonia (bronchopneumonia). Patients with focal pneumonia, especially against the background of chronic bronchitis, from the 4-5th day of the disease intramuscular injection antibiotics can be partially replaced by aero- and electric aerosols of antibiotics (Inhalation of electric aerosols), which are carried out 2 times a day.

In case of small-focal pneumonia, from the 3-8th day from the onset of the disease, CMW therapy is carried out with an output power of the apparatus of 50 W; a cylindrical emitter with a diameter of 14 cm with a gap of 5-7 cm is installed above the chest in the area of the inflammation focus. The duration of the procedure is 15 minutes; for a course of treatment 10-14 procedures.

With more deeply located foci of inflammation and with large-focal pneumonia, it is advisable to carry out UHF therapy at a power of 20-30 W using an emitter 20x10 cm or 15 cm in diameter; with confluent bronchopneumonia - e. n. UHF with a slight warm feeling.

2-3 days after the temperature normalization, patients are shown therapeutic exercises with an emphasis on breathing exercises and chest massage.

Sanatorium-and-spa treatment is carried out after recovery (but not earlier than the 4th week of illness) in local specialized sanatoriums, as well as in the conditions of the Southern coast of Crimea and the middle mountains.

In acute prolonged pneumonia, physiotherapy should be aimed at restoring bronchial drainage. Apply different kinds aero- and electric aerosols, SMT and electrophoresis of eufillin-SMT (SMT and DDT on various areas of the body, SMT on the lumbar region), and for the purpose of anti-inflammatory action - e. n. UHF in continuous and pulsed modes, UHF, PMF LF, and during these procedures one should not be limited only to the focus of inflammation, but to influence the area of \u200b\u200bthe roots of the lungs and the projection of the adrenal glands. good effect also renders electrophoresis of fibronolysin and heparin. Treatment should be combined and long-term in order to avoid a transition to a chronic process, since residual effects after acute pneumonia often persist for up to 6 months. or more, after which good treatment full recovery may occur.

With pneumonia, the respiratory part of the lungs is damaged and inflammatory exudate accumulates in the alveoli. To diagnose the disease, fluorography and x-rays are used. After the diagnosis is made, complex treatment. Physiotherapy for pneumonia is one of the most effective methods therapy.

Effect on the body

Physiotherapy has positive impact on the body:

During it, immunity is strengthened. It helps relieve inflammation and swelling of the lungs.
In the process of physiotherapeutic procedures, the formation of local and reflex reactions of the body occurs.
Due to local effects, the removal of accumulated exudate is stimulated.
It causes a series of reactions that stimulate the endocrine organs. Under the influence of this, hormones are released into the blood.

Thanks to the methods of physiotherapy, the healing process comes faster.

Varieties of physiotherapy procedures

Physiotherapy for pneumonia are numerous. During such a disease, the following methods can be used:

Pulse UHF-therapy. Usually used to treat children. Plates with a length of 12-15 cm are applied to the chest of the child, perpendicularly inflammatory process. The course of therapy lasts up to 10 days. Daily procedures are performed for 7-10 minutes.
Ultrasonic air inhalations. Used to treat adults and children. During the process, a special device is used - a nebulizer or an ultrasonic inhaler. With their help, the patient inhales a solution of antibiotics, heparin or other drugs that thin the viscous sputum. The duration of the session is up to 15 minutes, and the course of treatment is up to two weeks. When choosing an antibiotic for the procedure, the doctor must consider whether the patient has an individual intolerance to the components of the remedy.
Ultraviolet irradiation. The chest organs are irradiated with a perforated stabilizer. In total, up to 10 procedures are required for treatment, which are carried out every other day.
Magnetophoresis of antibiotics in the lungs. In this case, one flat inductor is installed on top and bottom of the chest. To the plane of the body they are placed with the "N" side. Runs daily for half an hour. The number of repetitions is 10-12.
Electrophoresis in pneumonia. It is carried out with the use of antibiotics, heparins and expectorants. Electrodes are placed across the chest. A current with a weak force passes through them - up to 10 mA. The duration of one session is 15-20 minutes. To cure pneumonia, you need to carry out procedures daily for 2 weeks.
Wave treatment. Unlike the above methods, it can be used even during a fever. The human body is affected by an electromagnetic field, the power of which is 35-45 watts. One session should last no more than 5 minutes. The course of treatment requires 7-10 procedures that are performed daily.

All of the above methods are effective in the treatment of pneumonia. But to achieve quick results, it is recommended to carry out complex therapy.

Physiotherapy at home

All the methods discussed above can only be carried out in a hospital setting. At the same time, to accelerate the treatment of the disease, you can use other physiotherapy procedures performed at home.

Massage

Massaging movements in the chest area contribute to the rapid discharge of sputum and the cleansing of the bronchi. It is used at all stages of the disease. But if inflammation of the lungs is accompanied by fever and intoxication of the body, massage is not recommended.

You can do it yourself or ask someone you know. Various methods of vibration are used - tapping with the back of the hand, fingers, the edge of the palm.

Physiotherapy

It helps to increase the mobility of the chest. During it, blood circulation improves, so all body tissues are saturated with oxygen. The ventilation and drainage function of the bronchi improves. Thanks to exercise therapy, the inflammatory focus in the lungs gradually decreases until it completely resolves.

You can do gymnastics only 2-3 days after the fever has passed and the temperature has dropped.. If the patient feels unwell, exercise therapy should also not be performed.

In the first days, the patient is prescribed only breathing exercises that speed up the process of sputum discharge. Then gymnastics also includes exercises for the limbs and torso. You can perform them from a sitting or standing position:

Raise your arms up, inhaling deeply. Lower down, exhaling. Repeat 5-6 times.
Cross your arms over your chest. When inhaling, press them to the chest, when exhaling, remove them to the side. Repeat 5-6 times.
Inhale as much as possible and hold your breath for 20 seconds. Exhale all the air from the lungs. Repeat 8 times.

As the patient's condition improves, physical exercises that strengthen the muscles are introduced. The complex includes walking, ball games, running on the spot.

Inhalations and medicinal decoctions

For inhalation at home use essential oils, salt and medicinal herbs. Procedures can be carried out only after the temperature has dropped.

Oregano has a good expectorant effect. Take 4 tbsp. dried herbs and pour them with a glass of boiling water. Inhale the vapors, bending over the container with the infusion.

From medicinal herbs you can make decoctions that strengthen the immune system. For example, you need to take 2 tbsp. dry grass coltsfoot, pour it with a glass of boiling water. Insist until cool. As soon as the liquid has cooled, it can be taken in 1-2 tsp. before every meal.

Contraindications for procedures

Physiotherapy for pneumonia has a number of contraindications. It should not be done if:

the disease is accompanied by fever, which led to the exhaustion of the patient's body;
there are malignant neoplasms in the lung area;
previously a person suffered a head injury;
the patient has epilepsy;
poor blood clotting is observed (this condition is usually recorded in boys and men);
the child developed neurotoxicosis along with pneumonia.

It should be borne in mind that the use of physiotherapy in the presence of the above contraindications can provoke a deterioration in the general condition, as well as the development of serious complications.

rehabilitation period

After pneumonia, the rehabilitation period lasts quite a long time. If treatment was prescribed on time, and physiotherapy was carried out for pneumonia in adults and children, then the focal process should disappear within 10-12 days. However, after this, therapy should continue. If inflammation is not treated, serious complications can develop.

During rehabilitation period it is necessary to monitor the patient's condition. If observed intensive department sputum, which can cause bronchiectasis.

Mandatory in recovery period the respiratory muscles should be trained to restore the normal rhythm of breathing. You should adhere to a special diet, eating foods rich in macro- and microelements useful for the body. You can also additionally take vitamin complexes from a pharmacy.

Thus, physiotherapy procedures are very effective in the treatment of pneumonia. The main thing is to diagnose the disease in time and start treatment.