Outdoor sprays. Acne External Therapy Hair Restoration Products

Antibacterial drugs for external use

Aluminum spray

Wound healing, antibacterial agent.

Compound:a silver suspension containing aluminum powder as an active ingredient.

Action:aluminum powder is a highly effective anti-inflammatory, healing and disinfectant agent.

When applied to the affected area, it forms a dense film that prevents re-bacterial contamination and harmful effects. environment. Has a drying effect.

Indications: aluminum spray- intended for the treatment of wounds of various origins, as well as local treatment and prevention skin diseases in horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, dogs and cats. It is an ideal tool for the treatment of postoperative wounds.

Application: external, before using the drug, the wound surface is sanitized. The balloon is shaken. Apply from a distance of 20-25 cm, within 1-2 seconds. After spraying incubated for 1-3 minutes. until completely dry. Usually used 1-2 times a day for several days.

Contraindications and side effects: no.

special instructions : do not spray near an open flame, do not heat or store at temperatures above 50 o. Store in a dry place out of the reach of children at a temperature of 15 o -20 o.

Terramycin aerosol spray

Compound: oxytetracycline hydrochloride (3.92%) in 150 ml of the drug. Aerosol blue.

Pharmacological properties : broad spectrum antibiotic. The drug is effective against many types of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria that cause skin infections. The drug is easily soluble in blood serum and tissue fluids of the body. Strongly fixed on the infected area. Prolonged action of the drug.

Doses and method of application: the drug is intended exclusively for local application. Before applying the drug, it is recommended to clean the treated surface from pus, wound exudate, necrotic tissues, remove hair, etc.

Before use, shake the can well and spray the drug from a distance of 18-20 cm onto the affected area for 2-3 seconds. The balloon is designed so that the drug can be sprayed even in the inverted position of the balloon. The drug is recommended for a single treatment of the affected area. Re-application of the drug is recommended not earlier than a week later. The amount of sprayed drug is determined based on the affected area. In cases of deep and complicated infections, local treatment is recommended to be combined with complex therapy.

Contraindications: not identified.

special instructions: apply only to animals. Protect the mucous membrane of the eye from getting the drug. Wash hands after use. Pressurized can - do not spray near open flames and heaters.

Chemi spray

Chemi spraysolution in aerosol form for external use.

Compound: contains chloramphenicol and gentian violet as active ingredients, as well as auxiliary components.

pharmachologic effect: chloramphenicol, which is part of the drug, refers to bacteriostatic antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action. Gentian violet is an antiseptic dye with weak antifungal and antimicrobial activity. The mechanism of action is the combined action of gentian violet chloramphenicol on the microorganism. Chloramphenicol inhibits protein synthesis of subunit 50 S ribosomes of a bacterium, and gentian violet acts on the acidic groups of nucleoproteins of a microbial cell.

Indications: treatment of surgical and accidental wounds in farm animals and dogs, infectious lesions of the hooves (interdigital dermatitis), treatment of ulcers and open abscesses caused by microorganisms susceptible to chloramphenicol.

Doses and method of application: before using the drug, the damaged area is cleaned of contamination and dead tissue is removed. Shake the aerosol bottle thoroughly. Spray for 1 - 2 seconds over the affected area from a distance of 5 - 10 cm. After spraying, do not allow the animal to lick off the drug for 5 minutes. The course of treatment depends on the severity of the wound and the speed of its healing, but should not exceed 10 days.

Side effects : not observed at recommended doses. In case of occurrence side effects stop using the drug, wash the treated areas and apply symptomatic treatment.

Contraindications: should not be used in animals sensitive to chloramphenicol, as it may cause local skin reactions, as well as the formation of ulcers on the mucous membrane.

Special instructions: There are no restrictions on the timing of slaughter of animals for meat and the use of milk for food purposes. In cases of forced slaughter, it is necessary to remove and dispose of the part of the body that has been treated with the drug. The drug should be sprayed in well-ventilated areas, keep the bottle at arm's length, avoiding contact with unprotected skin and mucous membranes. In case of contact with the skin and mucous membranes, rinse with plenty of water. It is strictly forbidden to spray the can near an open flame, disassemble or pierce even an empty bottle. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight and heating the vial above 45°C.

Forticline spray

antibacterial medicinal product in the form of a solution for external use in an aerosol can.

Compound: 100 ml of the drug contains 2.0 g of chlortetracycline hydrochloride.

Activity spectrum: the hydrochloride contained in the chlortetracycline preparation has a pronounced antibacterial activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms that cause skin and hoof infections in animals, including Streptococcus spp., Fusobacterium spp., Clostridium spp, Haemophilus spp., Klebsiella spp., as well as rickettsia, chlamydia and protozoa (Theileria, Eperythozoom, Anaplasma); weakly active against acid-resistant bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Indications: forticline spray used in farm animals, dogs, cats and birds for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the skin and hooves (hooves) of bacterial etiology caused by microorganisms sensitive to tetracyclines, incl. necrobacteriosis of cattle and sheep, surgical and traumatic origin of wounds, burns, frostbite; for the prevention of postoperative infections (after castration, docking of tails and ears, trimming of horns and hooves, suturing), for the treatment of the umbilical cord of newborns, abrasions, scratches, damage to the hooves and interhoof gaps.

Order of application and dose: processing is carried out 1 time in 5-7 days. Before applying the preparation, impurities, hair, necrotic tissues, pus and wound exudate are removed from the treated surface of the animal's body. The balloon is shaken and, holding it vertically, the drug is sprayed onto the affected area from a distance of 18-20 cm for 2-3 seconds.

Application method: external.

Contraindications: No.

Waiting period: meat and milk of animals during and after treatment with the drug can be used without restrictions. In the case of forced slaughter, the carcass treated with the drug is cleaned and disposed of.

Migstim

Composition and pharmacological properties: the components included in the preparation have bactericidal properties, have a local anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and wound-healing effect, stimulate tissue regeneration processes.

Indications for use: inflammatory skin diseases, dermatitis, eczema, burns in dogs and cats; for the treatment of abrasions, scratches, wounds, postoperative sutures, umbilical cords of newborns.

Contraindications: increased individual sensitivity to the drug.

Side effects: when using the drug according to the instructions, side effects and complications are not observed.

Doses and method of application: previously, impurities, necrotic tissues, pus and wound exudate are removed from the affected surface. Then the bottle with the drug is thoroughly shaken and, pressing the spray head, for 2-3 seconds, the affected area is treated from a distance of 15-20 cm. Migstim apply twice a day for 7-14 days. When treating a deep wound, drainage soaked with the drug is introduced into it. Drainage is carried out according to indications, but not more than 6 days. In order to prevent wound infection, accidental wounds are treated once, postoperative wounds are treated immediately after suturing.

Special instructions: when treating the affected areas in the head area, it is necessary to prevent the drug from getting into the eyes.

Monclavit-1 spray

Wide range of activities: antiseptic; bactericidal; disinfectant; anti-inflammatory; desensitizing; decongestant; wound healing.

When applied to wound surfaces and integumentary tissues Monclavit-1 does not irritate the treated surfaces, forms a semi-permeable microscopic hydrophilic film, providing mechanical protection of the treated area and gradual release of bactericidal substances. The composition of the antiseptic includes a component that has the functions of a non-specific sorbent for many toxins. The properties of the drug are enhanced when it is heated to 37-38°C.

Applies to the following conditions:

Edema of the extremities and dewlap of various origins, as well as edema of the eyelids, prepuce, anus and vulva, Quincke's edema, edema of the subcutaneous tissue in bloody disease;

Aseptic and infected abscesses, abscesses, mycotic abscesses, fistulas;

Hemolymphoextravasates, bursitis, synovitis;

Trophic ulcers and bedsores;

Respiratory aspergillosis;

Hoof horn care, restoration of hoof glaze.

Septo Spray

Septo Sprayis an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and wound healing agent. On contact Septo spray with the skin and mucous membranes, a gradual destruction of the povidone-iodine complex occurs with the release of active iodine, which has a pronounced antimicrobial effect, oxidizing the active groups of bacterial protoplasm proteins, and also causes protein denaturation.

Iodine is active against all types of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa), there is no resistance to it.

When applied Septo spray on the skin there is a temporary weak staining of it in a light yellow color.

Septo Sprayin recommended doses, it does not have a local irritating and sensitizing effect.

Application procedure: Septo sprayused for local treatment of aseptic and infected wounds, inflammation of the mucous membranes, burns of 1 and 2 degrees, eczema and dermatitis, as well as for processing the surgical and injection fields.

Septo-spray is applied externally, applying it to the affected areas by spraying from a distance of 10-20 cm from the surface until it is visually covered with the drug.

In the treatment of aseptic and infected wounds, burns of 1 and 2 degrees, eczema and dermatitis Septo Spray applied 1-2 times a day for 5-10 days. If necessary, before applying the drug, the toilet of the wound is carried out.

Treatment of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and pharynx is carried out by applying the drug by pressing the spray nozzle twice in both directions (right and left) 2-3 times a day for 5-10 days. Before spraying, it is recommended to rinse the mucous membranes with warm boiled water. It is impossible to water and feed the animal within 30 minutes after treatment with Septo-spray.

Processing of the operating and injection fields is carried out by spraying from a distance of 10-20 cm to the visual coverage of the prepared skin area. The treatment is carried out twice, allowing the treated surface to dry.

Septo Spraydoes not cause side effects and complications in animals when used in accordance with this instruction.

Safroderm spray

Safroderm spray- a remedy for the treatment of eczema, a wound healing drug.

Represents alcohol tincture biologically active plants: Japanese Sophora, stinging nettle and large plantain.

Safroderm has an analgesic effect for bruises,light and medium wounds, promotes granulation of young tissue, successfully treats eczema, abscesses, trophic ulcers and dermatitis of various etiologies. 2-5% aqueous solutions of the tincture are used for washing purulent cavities, irrigating wounds, treating burns, paraproctitis, mastitis, bedsores. Treatment of the skin with a 2-5% aqueous solution of tincture Safroderm stimulates hair growth.

Compound: extracts medicinal plants(Dioecious nettle, large plantain, Japanese Sophora).

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the drug.

To eliminate inflammation and purulent lesions, various drugs with an antibiotic are used. Consider popular ointments that are effective for wound skin lesions.

FROM early childhood we are dealing with different skin lesions. In order for the healing process to pass quickly and not cause various complications, wound healing agents are used. Minor cuts, scratches and abrasions do not require special treatment, but if the wound occupies a large area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin, then an antibiotic ointment is needed.

Antibacterial topical agents are necessary for an infectious lesion, when suppuration has begun. They have a wide spectrum of action, destroy pathogens. by the most the best option for treatment is a wound healing ointment with an antibiotic. It helps in the treatment of eczema, chemical and thermal burns, inflammatory and purulent diseases. And also with bacterial infection after surgery.

When choosing a drug, it must be taken into account that they are classified according to the etiology and stage of the wound process. So, in the inflammatory process, antiseptics and antimicrobial ointments are used. With deep wounds, antibacterial medicines with analgesic effects are shown.

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Indications for the use of antibiotic ointments for wounds

The skin is an organ that performs protective functions and prevents the penetration of pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and infections into the body. Indications for the use of antibiotic ointments for wounds are based on a violation of the integrity of the dermis. Consider in what cases it is necessary to use the medicine:

• Deep cuts and scratches.
• Purulent wounds.
• abrasions.
• Burns of various etiologies.
• Crack in the skin with suppuration (on fingers, heels, elbows).
• Trophic ulcers.
• Ulcers.
• erosion.
• Chronic dermatoses.

Antibiotic ointments may contain wound healing substances that speed up the process of tissue regeneration. It is better to use the medicine for medical purposes, especially if the wounds are deep and there is a risk of suppuration.

Pharmacodynamics

About how effective this or that medication is, you can find out by its pharmacodynamics. Consider the mechanism of action of antibiotic ointments for wounds from different pharmacological groups: tetracyclines and levomycetins.

• Tetracycline ointment

The bacteriostatic effect of the drug is based on the violation of complex formation between the ribosome of the infectious cell and the transfer RNA, which leads to inhibition of protein synthesis. It shows a pronounced activity in infectious lesions of the epidermis caused by gram-positive, gram-negative microorganisms. It does not show pharmacological activity against most strains of Bacteroides spp., group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, fungi and viruses due to the established resistance of these pathogens to active ingredients medicines.

• Levomekol

A combined remedy with an antibiotic - chloramphenicol and an immunostimulating substance - methyluracil. Active against many bacteria, chlamydia, rickettsia and spirochetes. Its bacteriostatic effect is caused by the inhibition of protein biosynthesis in the bacterial cell.

Effective in Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, Gram-negative microorganisms. The peculiarity of this medication is that the development of resistance of harmful microorganisms to its action occurs slowly. Affects tissue regeneration, has anti-inflammatory properties.

Pharmacokinetics

Medicinal properties of drugs local action depend not only on active composition but also pharmacokinetics. Most ointments, once applied to the skin, are quickly absorbed and produce healing effect.

As a rule, drugs do not have systemic absorption, therefore they do not penetrate into the bloodstream, exerting a local effect. Prolonged use may cause the resistance of harmful microorganisms. In this case, it is necessary to change the drug.

Using antibiotic ointments for wounds during pregnancy

No one is immune from damage to the skin. If this happens in expectant mothers and there is a risk of infection, then it is necessary to choose the most effective and at the same time safe drug.

The use of antibiotic ointments for wounds during pregnancy is possible only for medical purposes. This is due to the fact that most drugs do not have reliable information about the safety of their use in this period. Some drugs of combined action can penetrate into the systemic circulation, having a negative effect on the development of the child's body. Most often, women are prescribed Tetracycline ointment and Levomekol.

Contraindications for use

Not all antibacterial ointments for wounds can be used on their own. A quick and lasting therapeutic effect is possible if the patient applied for medical care and received a recommendation or appointment. Otherwise, the medicine can cause serious complications and worsen the condition. This is due to the fact that any pharmacological agent has contraindications for use.

Antibiotic ointments should not be used in case of hypersensitivity to active ingredients. Some are contraindicated for pregnant women, while breastfeeding, for patients childhood and in the presence of allergic reactions in history. A number of wound healing drugs are not used on skin with a chronic infection.

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Side effects of antibiotic ointments for wounds

Prolonged use or non-compliance with medical recommendations for the use of the drug may provoke unwanted symptoms. Side effects of antibiotic ointments for wounds are manifested in the form of allergic reactions at the site of application:

• Burning
• Hyperemia
• Irritation
• Increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation (photosensitivity)
• contact dermatitis
• Intoxication

To eliminate these symptoms, it is necessary to reduce the frequency of applying the product to the skin or stop treatment altogether. In this case, be sure to seek medical help.

Names of antibiotic ointments for wounds

Various skin lesions are a problem known to everyone. Today, there are many drugs for the treatment of wounds and abrasions. To prevent infection and accelerate healing, it is recommended to use ointments with antibiotics. The choice of the drug depends on the level of damage: wounds on the skin, lesions of the subcutaneous tissue, deep damage (superficial fascia, muscles, fascial structures).

The doctor must prescribe the medicine. Since its effectiveness depends on the etiology of the wound infection. Most often they encounter such pathogens: staphylococci, non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria, hemolytic and non-hemolytic streptococci, obligate non-spore-forming anaerobic microorganisms and others.

Consider the popular names of antibiotic ointments for wounds, their classification and instructions for use:

Aminoglycosides

1. Baneocin

Combined antimicrobial agent for external use. It contains antibiotics (neomycin sulfate, bacitracin) with synergistic properties that destroy bacteria. It is active against most gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, fusobacteria and actinomycetes.

Prevents development hypersensitivity to the drug and gives a therapeutic effect from the first days of use.

• Indications for use: treatment and prevention of skin lesions and diseases, superficial wounds, burns, bacterial infections, secondary infections. Effective in postoperative period, in otolaryngology and in pediatric practice with diaper dermatitis.
• Before applying to the skin, it is advisable to check the sensitivity reaction. The agent is applied both to the affected area of ​​the skin and under the bandage, since it increases its effectiveness, in a thin layer 2-3 times a day.
• Baneocin is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to active ingredients, severe damage to the dermis, impaired renal excretory function (at risk of systemic absorption). With special care appoint during pregnancy and allergic reactions in the anamnesis.
• Side effects occur in rare cases. Patients experience redness and dryness of the skin, rashes and itching at the application site. Adverse allergic reactions proceed according to the type of neuro-allergic inflammation. High doses cause absorption and systemic adverse reactions. Most often this is the development of superinfection.

1. Gentamycin sulfate

A drug with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action, inhibits the growth of many gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

After application to the skin, it is quickly absorbed and has a wound-healing effect.

• Used for skin lesions of varying severity and etiology. Helps with surgical infections, purulent wounds, infections, dermatitis, trophic ulcers, burns. The agent is applied to the affected areas 2-3 times a day, the course of treatment is 7-14 days.
• Contraindicated in case of intolerance to active substances. Side effects are rare and manifest as skin allergic reactions.

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Levomycetins

1. Fuleville

Suitable for the treatment of wounds of varying severity, inflammatory skin lesions, bedsores, I-II degree burns and rectal fissures. The agent is applied in a thin layer on a sterile napkin and applied to a pre-treated wound. Bandages are changed every 24 hours. The duration of treatment is 7-21 days. Fulevil is not recommended for use in case of hypersensitivity to chloramphenicol. May cause transient burning and flushing.

1. Levomekol

A combined remedy with an immunostimulating substance - methyluracil and an antibiotic - chloramphenicol. The ointment is effective against most bacteria, spirochetes, rickettsia, chlamydia, gram-positive and gram-negative, anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms.

The bacteriostatic effect is based on the inhibition of protein biosynthesis in the bacterial cell. If there is pus in the wound, then this does not reduce the antimicrobial effect of the antibiotic. Accelerates the regeneration process, has dehydrating properties.

• The medicine is effective for purulent wounds, burns, purulent-inflammatory dermatological diseases, trophic ulcers, boils. The drug is applied to sterile wipes and applied to wounds or injected directly into purulent cavities with a syringe.
• It is forbidden to use in case of intolerance to active components, during pregnancy breastfeeding. It can cause allergic skin reactions that do not require treatment, as they pass on their own.

Lincosamides

1. Lincomycin ointment

Antibiotic with active substance - lincomycin. It has an antimicrobial effect. It is used for purulent wounds and pustular diseases of the skin / soft tissues. Before applying it, it is necessary to clean the wound from pus and necrotic contents. The product is applied in a thin layer to the skin 1-2 times a day.

It is contraindicated to use in diseases of the kidneys and liver, with extreme caution in patients with allergic reactions in history. Prolonged use may cause adverse reactions: skin rash, itching, hyperemia. To eliminate them, you must stop treatment and seek medical help.

macrolides

1. Erythromycin ointment

An effective remedy for the treatment of infected wounds, pustular lesions of the skin and soft tissues, bedsores, infections of the mucous membranes, burns II and III degree, slowly healing skin defects. Use 2-3 times a day, applying both to the wound and under the bandage.

The duration of treatment is from 2-3 weeks to 4 months. Side effects are rare and manifest as mild irritation.

Tetracyclines

1. Tetracycline ointment 3%

Antibiotic for external use, active against many pathogens. Inhibits the growth and reproduction of bacterial cells.

It shows a pronounced pharmacological activity in infectious lesions of the epidermis caused by gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

• Indications for use: infectious and inflammatory lesions of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, deep and long healing wounds, eczema, folliculitis, furunculosis, acne, infections with productive purulent exudation.
• The drug is applied in a thin layer to the affected areas, capturing part of healthy tissues. Applications are made 1-2 times a day or a bandage is applied for 12-24 hours. The course of therapy depends on the severity of the wound and can last from 1-2 days to 2-3 weeks.
• Side effects are manifested as skin allergic reactions: itching, burning, hyperemia. Not used in case of hypersensitivity to active ingredients. With extreme caution prescribed for the treatment of wounds in patients of childhood and for pregnant women

Antibiotics of other groups

1. Bactroban

An antimicrobial agent with the active substance is mupirocin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic. It inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cells, has a bacteriostatic effect, and increased dosages - bactericidal.

The drug is active against Streptococus spp., Staphyloccocus aureus, Staphyloccocus epidermidis and other harmful microorganisms.

• Bactroban is prescribed as a remedy local therapy for patients with bacterial infections of soft tissues and skin. With secondarily infected wounds, furunculosis, folliculitis and other dermatological pathologies.
• Since the agent is indicated for topical use, systemic absorption is negligible. When applying the ointment to pressure bandages, the therapeutic effect increases, as the penetration of the active ingredient into the tissues increases. The medicine is applied in a thin layer to the skin up to 3 times a day. The recommended duration of treatment is 7-10 days.
• The drug is well tolerated by patients. In some cases, undesirable effects occur in the form of skin itching, burning, urticaria, dryness skin, eczema, hyperemia, erythema. Nausea, allergic reactions and headaches are possible.
• Do not use in case of hypersensitivity to the components, for the treatment of children under 2 years of age. In case of accidental ingestion of the drug, it is necessary to wash the stomach, take enterosorbents and seek medical help.

1. Heliomycin

Antibiotic with vasoconstrictive action. Active against gram-positive microorganisms and viruses, low toxicity. It is used for extensive wounds, purulent inflammation of the skin, infected eczema. Suitable for the treatment of adults and infants.

Before use, it is recommended to determine the sensitivity to active substances. Apply a thin layer to the affected areas 1-2 times a day for 5-7 days. The agent is applied both on the wound surface and under the bandages.

1. Tyrozur

Antimicrobial topical agent. Antibacterial activity is based on cyclic and linear polypeptides that form endotoxin. The active substance is tyrothricin. The drug is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, pathogens of gonorrhea, yeast fungi, Trichomonas.

Tyrothricin destroys bacterial walls, changing the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane, inhibiting cell division and growth.

• Effectively removes pain, does not form a greasy film on the skin, reduces the amount of pus and exudate discharged from the wound. Due to this, its purification from fibrin improves and regeneration processes are enhanced.
• Indications for use: wounds, infectious and inflammatory lesions of soft tissues and skin caused by microbes sensitive to the active substance. Helps with erosions, ulcers, burns, purulent inflammation, infected eczema.
• The ointment is used externally, applying a thin layer to the changed areas of the skin 2-3 times a day, can be applied under a bandage. It is well tolerated, in rare cases there are local allergic reactions (slight burning, redness), which pass on their own. It is contraindicated to use in case of hypersensitivity to the components, during pregnancy and lactation.

1. Fusiderm

Antibacterial drug with the active substance - fusidic acid. Active against corynobacteria, bacterioids, strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, meningococci and other infectious agents.

It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antipyretic and anti-exudative effect. After application to the skin, it quickly penetrates into the deep layers of the dermis, systemic absorption is minimal.

• Assign for wound and infectious changes in the skin. Effective in primary and secondary pathological processes, folliculitis, dermatitis, acne, impetigo, burns. Apply a thin layer at intervals of 8-12 hours. The duration of treatment is 7-10 days. Can be used under occlusive dressings.
• It is contraindicated for use in case of intolerance to fusidic acid, infectious skin changes caused by microorganisms that are not sensitive to the drug. Not used during pregnancy and lactation.
• Side effects are manifested in the form of burning, itching, tingling and erythema at the site of application. Allergic changes such as eczema, dermatitis, the development of atrophic changes in the skin are possible.

Antibiotic ointment for wound healing

Human skin very often exposes to all sorts of injuries, leaving wounds, scratches, cuts and other defects. In some cases, for their treatment it is necessary to use medicines. Antibiotic ointment for wound healing accelerates regeneration and prevents the development of infectious processes. In most cases, such drugs have a combined composition, therefore, they have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic effects.

The drug is chosen based on the severity of the damage. Good antimicrobial and healing properties have such drugs:

1. Nitacid

Local remedy with pronounced antimicrobial properties. It contains the antibacterial substance nitazol and sulfanilamide. The components are active against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, multi-resistant strains. It has an anti-inflammatory, drying and cleansing effect, absorbs purulent-necrotic masses. Penetrates into the deep layers of the dermis, reducing the risk of secondary infection.

• Indications for use: treatment of infected wounds of any severity, pyoinflammatory diseases of soft tissues and skin. The remedy is effective for deep burns II-IV degree. Before applying to the skin, it is recommended to treat the wound surface with hydrogen peroxide. It can be applied both on the wound and under the bandage 1-2 times a day. The duration of treatment depends on the results achieved in the first days of therapy.
• Side effects occur with intolerance to active substances. Most often, patients experience allergic reactions: urticaria, contact dermatitis, hyperemia, itching, Quincke's edema. To eliminate them, symptomatic therapy is used.
• Prolonged use of Nitacid may cause overdose symptoms. Similar reactions occur when the drug is used on large areas with a violation of their integrity. Due to systemic absorption, itching, burning and signs of intoxication appear.

1. Rescuer

Combined drug with synergistic properties. It has a regenerating, softening, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect. Stops inflammatory process has a strong antibacterial effect.

Stimulates cleansing of the wound surface and natural recovery damaged dermis. The clinical effect appears a couple of hours after use.

• Indications for use: treatment of superficial and deep wounds, abrasions, hematomas, cracks, damage to the subcutaneous tissue, burns, diaper rash, dermatitis various genesis, inflammation of the mucous membranes and skin, secondary infections.
• Before applying the Rescuer to the wound, it must be washed and dried. A small amount of the product is evenly distributed on the skin and covered with a bandage to enhance its effect. Periodically, the wound must be opened for oxygen access. Bandages are changed 1-2 times a day.
• It is contraindicated to use with individual intolerance to the active ingredients. Adverse reactions manifested in the form of burning, itching, redness, swelling at the site of application. In addition, an exacerbation of the inflammatory process is possible when applied to chronic lesions with impaired trophism.

1. Actovegin

A drug to accelerate tissue regeneration and improve trophism.

The active substance is deproteinized hemoderivative from the blood of calves. The antihypoxant accelerates the metabolism of oxygen and glucose, which increases energy metabolism and speeds up the healing process.

• Prescribed for wounds and inflammatory diseases skin, mucous membranes. Helps with burns (chemical, thermal, solar), abrasions, cracks and scratches. It can be used for bedsores, skin lesions with radiation, as well as weeping ulcers.
• The duration of treatment is 10-12 days, the agent is applied to the skin 2 or more times a day. You can use bandages and gauze pads. Long-term therapy or the use of high doses provokes side effects - allergic skin reactions.

All of the above antibiotic ointments for wound healing are dispensed without a medical prescription. But before buying such a remedy, you need to understand that home treatment is possible with small wounds, scratches, abrasions, cuts or minor burns. Larger injuries require medical attention.

The rate of healing depends on the regenerative characteristics of the patient's body. Some diseases can provoke a long healing time. For example, when high sugar in the blood or impaired metabolism, the treatment will be long. That is why drugs should be selected by a doctor, individually for each patient.

Ointments with antibiotics for purulent wounds

A purulent wound is a damage to the skin and soft tissues that are involved in the infectious process with the development of pathogenic microorganisms. Bacteria provoke the discharge of purulent masses, necrosis, swelling, pain and intoxication of the body. Similar pathological condition may be a complication of an infected wound or a rupture of an internal abscess. The risk of its development increases significantly with somatic diseases ( diabetes) and in the warm season.

The purulent process develops due to infection of the wound with streptococci, staphylococci, coli or any other bacteria. Microbes enter the wound from dirty hands, earth, which indicates a primary infection. If there were non-compliance with the dressing rules, then harmful microorganisms can enter the body, causing foci of suppuration - secondary infection.

If purulent wounds are detected on any part of the body, treatment should be started immediately. Inadequate or late therapy may cause serious complications(sepsis, periostitis, osteomyelitis) or the development of a chronic process. Treatment should be comprehensive and consist of the following steps:

• Removal of necrotic tissue and pus
• Relief of the inflammatory process and swelling
• Removal of pathogenic microflora
• Stimulation of regeneration
• Detoxification and immunocorrective measures

Start purulent process characterized by the release of exudate from the wound. This liquid contains cellular elements and bacteria. Treatment is based on constant washing, drainage and the use of antibacterial drugs that accelerate the regeneration of the skin.

Antibiotic ointment for purulent wounds stops the reproduction of bacteria, stops the inflammatory process, removes exudate, and restores damaged tissues. There are drugs of local and systemic action, they are selected depending on the severity of the lesion. Since at the beginning of treatment the causative agent of the infection is not known, broad-spectrum drugs are used: penicillins, tetracyclines, cephalosporins.

Dosage and administration

Since the ointment is a topical product, this indicates that it must be applied to damaged areas of the skin. The method of application and dose depend on the severity and stage of the wound process. As a rule, the medicine is used 1-3 times a day.

The medication is applied in a thin layer to damaged skin, soaked with gauze napkins, laid in deep wounds, or applied under a bandage. The duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician and depends on the individual regenerative characteristics of the body. On average, the medicine is used for 7-20 days, with deep and complex wounds 4-6 months.

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Interactions with other drugs

For effective treatment wounds, complex therapy is indicated. This involves the simultaneous use of several medications. Interactions with other drugs are prescribed by a doctor. Focusing on the stage of wound injury and the nature of the pathological process, the doctor selects drugs that are different in form of release and action. This will avoid side effects and overdose symptoms.

Very often, antibacterial ointments are combined with oral antibiotics, immunostimulants and vitamins. If there is pus in the wound, then special ointments are used to draw it out, most often on plant-based. To speed up tissue repair, wound healing drugs are prescribed. The main condition for interaction with other drugs is the observance of the time interval and the absence of contraindications.

Best before date

Antibiotic ointment for wounds, like any other medicine, has an expiration date. Usually, antibacterial drugs approved for use within 24-36 months from the date of manufacture. At the end of this period, the tube with the medicine must be disposed of. The use of expired drugs on wound sites can provoke complications and cause pathological symptoms requiring medical attention.

Effective antibiotic ointments for purulent wounds

1. Levosin

Antibacterial, local anesthetic. Active ingredients - chloramphenicol, methyluracil, sulfadimethoxine, trimecaine. Combined composition It has antimicrobial, analgesic, regenerative, necrolytic and anti-inflammatory effects. It is active against anaerobes, gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

After application to the skin, it quickly penetrates into tissues, transporting active ingredients. Thanks to its hydration properties, it eliminates perifocal edema within 2-3 days, cleanses the wound, accelerates its healing and stimulates cellular factors protection. Does not accumulate and does not have a local irritating effect.

• Indications for use: purulent wounds with infected mixed microflora, burns, ulcers that are difficult to heal. It is not used in case of intolerance to the active components, during pregnancy. Side effects are manifested in the form of skin allergic reactions.
• The drug is applied to sterile gauze flaps, and the wound is filled with them. The drug can be injected into purulent cavities using a catheter, syringe or drainage tube. If the wounds are not deep, then the ointment is applied in a thin layer to the damaged areas and covered with a bandage. Dressings should be done daily, until the wound is completely cleansed of pus.

1. Levosin

Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic properties. Active ingredients: sulfadimethoxine, methyluracil, polyethylene oxide and trimecaine. It is prescribed for the treatment of purulent wounds in the first phase of the wound process. It is contraindicated to use with individual intolerance to active substances.

Before applying the drug to the skin, it is recommended to determine the sensitivity of the microflora to it that caused the pathological process. The agent is applied directly to the skin and under the bandages, gauze wipes are impregnated and the wound is filled with them. Dressings are done daily until the wound is completely cleansed.

1. Dioxin (Dioxidin)

Antibacterial pharmacological agent, a derivative of quinoxaline. It has a wide spectrum of activity, is active against many harmful microorganisms.

It does not have a local irritant effect, but can cause drug resistance in bacteria.

• Indications for use: wounds with deep purulent cavities, pustular skin diseases, wound and burn infections of various localization and complexity, long-term non-healing wounds and trophic ulcers.
• The medicine is applied in a thin layer on the skin cleansed of purulent-necrotic masses, you can use napkins with ointment or dressings. Deep wounds are packed. The duration of therapy is 14-20 days. It is not prescribed for the treatment of pregnant women and newborns.
• It is contraindicated to use in case of hypersensitivity to active substances. Adverse reactions are manifested in the form of skin irritations and allergies.

For the treatment of suppuration, multicomponent ointments are widely used. Such drugs have an anti-inflammatory effect, improve local blood circulation and stimulate the restoration of the skin: Oxycyclozol, Oxysone, Vishnevsky balsamic liniment, Mafenit acetate, Levomethoxin. special attention deserve local preparations for drawing out pus: Ichthyol, Synthomycin, Streptocid ointment, Levomekol.

Ointments based on antibiotics have been used in medicine for many years. They are easy to buy at any pharmacy, and often they are not taken as seriously as drugs in tablets. Is it possible to use such medicines without a doctor's prescription, and in what cases they are really necessary, the MedAboutMe portal understood.

The most common antibiotic ointments

The fact is that such rashes do not always require such radical treatment. Most often, antibacterial ointments are prescribed for a pronounced and protracted process. However, they always go as part of complex therapy. Along with them, drugs are prescribed that eliminate the causes of infection - increased oily skin, poor immunity, and so on. Also, the patient must be prescribed an appropriate therapeutic diet.

The action of antibiotics in acne quite pronounced - rashes disappear, inflammation decreases. However, without an integrated approach to treatment, the activity of a bacterial infection quickly resumes. In addition, bacteria develop resistance, as a result, ointments cease to help even for a short period.

-Polymyxins

The mechanism of action is bactericidal; disrupt cell wall permeability and transport mechanisms by binding to the bacterial cell membrane

Antimicrobial spectrum- Gr - microflora

Polymyxin ointment

Indications: Slow-healing purulent wounds, infected burns, necrotic ulcers, bedsores, purulent otitis media, abscesses, abrasions.

Unwanted effects: Hyperemia and itching of the skin, allergic reactions; with prolonged use or when applied to large areas - impaired renal function.

-Tetracyclines

The mechanism of action is bacteriostatic; violation protein synthesis of a bacterial cell - binding to the 30S subunit of the ribosome leads to disruption of the peptide chain; the formation of chelate compounds with metals causes inhibition of enzyme systems

Antimicrobial spectrum - wide: Gr + and Gr - microflora, causative agents of plague, cholera,dysentery,brucellosis,tularemia, malaria, rickettsia, spirochetes, actinomycetes

Unwanted effects: allergic reactions: local - skin rash, itching, skin flushing, burning sensation, photosensitization - increased skin sensitivity to sunlight.

Tetracycline ointment

Indications for use: It is used for trachoma (an infectious eye disease that can lead to blindness), conjunctivitis (inflammation of the outer shell of the eye), blepharitis (inflammation of the edges of the eyelids) and other infectious diseases of the eyes.

-Aminoglycosides

Gentamicin

Mechanism of action: bactericidal, binds to the 30S-subunit of ribosomes leads to the formation of a non-functional protein.

Antimicrobial spectrum: Gr - microflora

Unwanted action: allergic reactions: local - skin rash, itching, skin flushing, burning sensations,

Gentamycin ointment - bacterial infections of the skin and soft tissues caused by sensitive microflora: pyoderma (including gangrenous), superficial folliculitis, furunculosis, sycosis, paronychia. Infected: dermatitis (including contact, seborrheic and eczematous), ulcers (including varicose), wounds (including surgical, sluggish), burns (including plants), insect bites , skin abscesses and cysts, "vulgar" acne; secondary bacterial infection in fungal and viral infections of the skin.

-Macrolides

1st generation - erythromycin, oleandomycin

Mechanism of action: bacteriostatic (bactericidal in high concentrations), disruption of protein synthesis by binding to the 50s subunit of ribosomes and inhibition of the translocation process.

Antimicrobial spectrum: Gr + microflora (staphylo-, pneumo-, streptococci)

Unwanted effects: Allergic reactions, itching, rash

Erythromycin ointment Used to treat infections of the mucous membrane of the eyes, trachoma (an infectious eye disease that can lead to blindness); for the treatment of pustular skin diseases, infected wounds, bedsores (tissue necrosis caused by prolonged pressure on them due to lying down), II and III degree burns, trophic ulcers (slowly healing skin defects).

115. Sulfonamide preparations. Classification. Pharmacokinetics. Mechanism of action. Application.

SULFANILAMIDE DRUGS

A) medications well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with a resorptive effect:

a) short - streptocide, sulfadimezin, sulfacyl sodium (albucid), etazol;

b) long-term - sulfapyridazine, sulfadimethoxine (madribone);

c) super-long - sulfalene.

B) drugs, poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, used to treat intestinal infections (it sits there for a long time and beats the infection) - ftalazol.

AT) Combined drugs:

a) with salicylic acid(used to treat ulcerative colitis) - salazopyridazine, salazosulfapyridine;

b) with trimethoprim - co-trimoxazole (bactrim, biseptol).

D) Preparations for local application- streptocide, sulfacyl sodium and other sodium salts of sulfonamides.

Pharmacokinetics .

Suction. Slightly in the stomach and mainly in the large intestine, they have a high lipophilicity (30 minutes after administration they are already found in the urine).

Bioavailability is high 70-90%.

Biotransport. Reversibly bind to serum albumin. CASS CA/protein is directly proportional to the degree of hydrophobicity. SA can displace other simultaneously prescribed drugs, in particular NSAIDs and endogenous substances (bilirubin), from the connection with the protein.

Distribution. SA pass through the histohematic, placental and blood-brain barriers. Through the BBB it is better if there is an inflammatory process. Also pass into breast milk.

Biotransformation.

Mechanism of action The mechanism is based on structural similarity to PABA, which is essential for the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid. Sulfonamides competitively displace folic acid from the synthesis process and cannot perform the function of PABA. As a result, the synthesis of THPA is disrupted, which leads to inhibition of the synthesis of nucleic acids of microorganisms and manifests itself in a delay in the growth and development of microbes.

Indications . Often prescribed in combination with antibiotics.

Urinary tract infections.

Biliary tract infections.

ENT infections.

Infections of the broncho-pulmonary system.

Intestinal infections (in particular toxoplasmosis, malaria).

wound infections.

Combined sulfa drugs.

Mechanism actions . Biseptolum-480 (co-trimazol), contains sulfamethoxazole 400 mg and trimethoprim 80 mg. The mechanism of action of the combined preparation is based on the principle of disruption of the synthesis of nucleic acids at two points: 1- at the level of inclusion of the SA component in PABA. 2- at the level of formation of tetrahydrofolic acid due to inhibition of the DHF-reductase enzyme. Due to this, Biseptol has a bactericidal effect.

Features of the combination of SA drugs.

Effective even in conditions of resistance to SA drugs.

Resistance to combined preparations develops more slowly.

Side effects.

Dyspeptic disorders.

Skin rashes.

Sometimes superinfection.

Decreased reproductive function (rare).

Co. - trimoxazole (Co-Trimoxazole, Biseptol). It contains two active principles - sulfamethaxazole and trimethoprim, which potentiate the antimicrobial effect of each other. The drug is active against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including those resistant to sulfanilamide drugs. Assign inside: adults and children over 12 years old - 2 tablets 2 times a day; children - 2-4 children's tablets 2 times a day.

Co-trimoxazole

Rp.: Tabulettas "Co-trimoxazolum" N. 20

D.S. 1 tablet 2 times a day

Characteristic : Sulfanilamide

Indications : Infections of the urinary and upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract

Sulfalen um

Rep.: Tab. Sulfaleni 0.2 No. 10 D.S. Take for 7 days, 1 time per day 30 minutes before meals according to the following scheme: on the first day - 2 tablets, on the following days - 1/2 tablet.

Characteristic : Sulfanilamide is well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract

Indications : Urinary and upper respiratory tract infections, malaria

Sulfacyl - sodium (Sulfacylum-natrium, Albucidum-natrium). The drug is effective in streptococcal, pneumococcal and colibacillary infections. It is used in the form of an ointment, a solution for the treatment of deep caries, pulpitis, stomatitis of various etiologies. Release form: powder; 30% solution in vials of 5; 10 ml; 30% ointment.

116. Principles of sulfanilamide therapy. unwanted effects. Terms

rational purpose.

Sulfanilamide (SA) - synthetic chemotherapeutic agents that are derivatives of sulfanilamide (sulfonic acid amide).

R-radical - position at the end of the chain and indicates the difference between sulfanilamide drugs. NH 2 - must be without substituents and causes antimicrobial activity. The first drug received: red streptocide (1935).

General properties:

They have a similar structure.

General mechanism of action.

General spectrum of antibacterial action.

They have a bacteriostatic effect on microorganisms.

Conditions necessary for the manifestation of the mechanism of action:

Microorganisms can use sulfanilamide instead of PABA if their concentration in tissues is 20-100 times higher than PABA.

In the presence of pus, blood and tissue breakdown products, the effectiveness of sulfanilamide is sharply reduced due to the high concentration of PABA in these products.

They have an antimicrobial effect only against those microorganisms that themselves synthesize folic acid.

In SA-resistant microorganisms, an increased synthesis of PABA is observed.

The use of SA at low concentrations contributes to the formation of resistance of microorganism strains and leads to SA inefficiency.

Action spectrum: Fairly wide. Bacteria: pathogenic cocci, intestinal group, the causative agent of especially dangerous infections: cholera, plague, diphtheria. Chlamydia: trachoma, the causative agent of inguinal lymphogranuloma. Actinomycetes: drugs inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens of systemic mycoses. The simplest: toxoplasmosis.

Complications of pharmacotherapy .

CNS: nausea, vomiting, headache, depression, fatigue.

Blood: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia.

Kidneys: oliguria, proteinuria, hematuria, crystalluria.

Kidney problems can be prevented by:

drinking plenty of water 3-5 liters per day;

drink alkaline mineral waters.

Allergic reactions: fever, itching, rash, joint pain.

117.118. Antimicrobial agents are derivatives of nitrofuran, 8-hydroxyquinoline, imidazole, quinoxaline. Fluoroquinolones. Mechanism of action. Indications for use. Unwanted effects.

QUINOLONS AND FLUOROQUINOLONES .

non-fluorinated quinolones(naphthyridine and 4-quinoline) (urinary excretion) - nalidixic acid /nevigram/, oxolinium, pipemidiev /palin/;

1st generation (monofluoroquinolones)(urinary + gastrointestinal tract) - gram-negative: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin /floxil, tarivid, zanotsin/, pefloxacin /abaktal/, norfloxacin /norilet, etc./, lomefloxacin /lomay, maksavin/;

II generation (difluoroquinolones) - respiratory: levofloxacin /tavanic/, sparfloxacin, etc.;

III generation (trifluoroquinolones) - respiratory-anaerobic: moxifloxacin /avelox/, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, trovafloxacin, etc.

8-OXYQUINOLINE(nitroxoline, chlorquinaldone, quiniofon, intetrix)

NITROFURAN (furatsilin, nifuroxazide, furazolidone, furadonin, furagin)

IMIDAZOLA (metronidazole, tinidazole).

OXAZOLIDINONES (linezolid).

quinoxaline (dioxidine, quinoxidine).

Antiseptics are available, perhaps, in any home and camping first aid kit. Why do we need such funds? And what ointments are most effective?

What are antiseptics, why are they needed?

Antiseptics are substances that inhibit the reproduction and growth of pathogenic microorganisms or destroy them. Why are such funds needed? Any tissue damage is always associated with the risk of infection, that is, the ingress of bacteria or fungi. And in order to avoid inflammation associated with the activity of harmful and sometimes even dangerous microorganisms, antiseptics are used.

Should I buy antiseptics?

Antiseptics should occupy a special place in the first aid kit, since wounds, abrasions, cuts and burns are the most common injuries that lead to tissue damage and increase the risk of infection, which, by the way, can lead to serious illnesses and even sepsis (blood poisoning).

If in nature your child falls or gets hurt, then he will probably touch the wound, and with dirty hands. And to avoid the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms, you need to use any antiseptic. To protect the child, parents should always have such a remedy with them, because the sooner you start using it, the lower the risk of complications, that is, infection.

What tools to buy?

The most popular antiseptic ointments:

Be sure to purchase one of the products listed above so that it is always in your first aid kit.