Neomycin suppositories instructions for use. How to use the antibiotic neomycin in the treatment of diseases of various etiologies

These are broad spectrum antibiotics.

Mechanism of action: are fixed on cell membranes and disrupt their permeability. At the level of ribosomes, protein synthesis is blocked. When administered orally, they are poorly absorbed (it is recommended to prescribe when intestinal infections). When administered parenterally, they penetrate well into organs and tissues.

Side effect: neurotoxic, nephrotoxic, dysbacteriosis, with intraperitoneal injection - blockade of neuromuscular conduction (curare-like action) and respiratory arrest as a result of relaxation of the muscles of the abdominal cavity.

Neomycin sulfate Neomycini sulfas.

Neomycin is a complex of neomycin A, B, and C antibiotics produced by Actinomyces fradiae.

White or yellowish white powder, easily soluble in water.

It has a wide spectrum of antibacterial action.

Resistance of microorganisms to neomycin develops slowly.

It is excreted from the body mainly with feces and urine.

Used for colibacillosis, pasteurellosis, gastroenterocolitis and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of bacterial etiology.

Can be combined with bacitracin, polymyxin.

Do not use parenterally due to its high toxicity to the kidneys and auditory nerve, has curare-like activity.

Kanamycin Kanamycin.

Broad-spectrum antibiotic, like neomycin. In addition, it acts on acid-fast bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Available in the form of two salts: kanamycin monosulfate for oral administration and kanamycin sulfate for parenteral use.

In veterinary medicine, drugs are used: Kanavetin, Kanamycin 10%.

2 generation:

Gentamicin Gentamycin.

Produced in the form gentamicin sulfate.

It has a wide spectrum of action, including Gr and Gr-bacteria. Active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, Escherichia coli, as well as staphylococci resistant to benzylpenicillin.

Not fully absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, therefore, for systemic action, gentamicin is prescribed intramuscularly. Its maximum concentrations accumulate in blood plasma after 60 minutes, antimicrobial concentrations persist for 8-12 hours.

Gentamicin is used mainly for the treatment of diseases caused by Gr-bacteria. The drug is especially valuable for urinary tract infections, sepsis, wound infections, burns.

Less toxic than neomycin.

In veterinary medicine, they are used in the form of drugs: Gentamicin-P, Gentamicin 4%, Gentamicin sulfate 4%, Gentamicin 8%.

3rd generation : Sizomycin sulfate, amikacin sulfate, tombramycin, apramycin Effective in mixed infections.

- 2 - Macrolides

Antibiotics of this group at the heart of their molecule contain a macrocyclic lactone ring associated with various sugars.

Macrolides have a pronounced activity against Gr (staphylococci, streptococci) and some Gr-cocci. Rickettsia, mycoplasma, anthrax and clostridia are also sensitive to macrolides.

Resistant to macrolides Gr-bacteria (escherichia, salmonella), as well as fungi and viruses. Many drugs of this group are active against forms of bacteria resistant to penicillin, streptomycin, tetracyclines, therefore macrolides are used as reserve antibiotics in the treatment of diseases caused by pathogens resistant to other antibiotics.

Macrolides have a bacteriostatic effect.

Mechanism of action their lies in the inhibition of protein synthesis by bacterial ribosomes. This is due to the inhibition of the enzyme peptide translocase.

Side effects: allergies, vomiting, dyspepsia.

Erythromycin Erythromycin.

An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces erythreus.

Gram cocci and pathogenic spirochetes are most sensitive to it.

It is not completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, but sufficiently so that bacteriostatic concentrations are created in the blood and tissues. In the acidic environment of the stomach is partially destroyed.

Easily penetrates into various tissues, including through the placenta. Duration of action 4 - 6 hours.

Excreted with bile and partly by the kidneys.

Low toxicity, relatively rarely causes side effects.

Applied orally 3-4 times a day for respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, as well as topically (as an ointment for purulent skin lesions, infected wounds, burns).

Applies Ointment erythromycin(1%) Unguentum Erytromycini.

Erycycline ericycline.

A mixture of erythromycin and oxytetracycline dihydrate.

Assign to dogs 1 capsule 3-4 times a day for 7-10 days.

Oleandomycin phosphate Oleandomycini phosphas.

It has a bacteriostatic effect against Gram and some Gram-bacteria, as well as rickettsiae and large viruses; active against staphylococci resistant to penicillin and other antibiotics; ineffective against coli and other Gr-bacteria of the intestinal group.

Olethetrin Oletetrinum.

Combined preparation consisting of a mixture of one part of oleandomycin and 2 parts of tetracycline.

Effective against Gr and Gr-microorganisms, rickettsiae, spirochetes, large viruses; does not affect fungi and small viruses, mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Tetraolean. The composition is the same, used for parenteral administration.

Tylosin tartrate Tylosin tartrate.

An antibiotic obtained from the culture fluid of Str. fradie.

Broad spectrum antibiotic. Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

It is excreted mainly with urine and bile, in lactating animals - with milk, in laying birds - with an egg.

It is used for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections in birds, the treatment of dysentery, necrotizing enteritis and gastroenterocolitis of bacterial etiology in pigs.

Also used drugs are Tilovet 10%, Tilovet 25%, Tylosin 50 (injection 5% solution), Tylosin 200 (injection 20% solution), Farmazin (water-soluble powder containing 500 mg of tylosin tartrate and filler in 1 g), Fradyzin 50 and others .

Antibiotic for external use

Active substance

Neomycin (as sulfate) (neomycin)

Release form, composition and packaging

Aerosol for external use in the form of a homogeneous suspension of white or almost white color with a characteristic odour.

Excipients: sorbitan trioleate - 10.3 mg, lecithin - 0.2 mg, isopropyl myristate - 134 mg, propellant (propane / butane / isobutane) - 843.8 mg.

16 g - aerosol cans (1) with a valve and a spray device - packs of cardboard.
32 g - aerosol cans (1) with a valve and a spray device - packs of cardboard.

pharmachologic effect

Aminoglycoside antibiotic. Violates protein synthesis, inhibiting the formation of a complex of transport and messenger RNA. At low concentrations, it has a bacteriostatic effect (due to disruption of protein synthesis in microbial cells), at high concentrations it has a bactericidal effect (it damages the cytoplasmic membranes of a microbial cell). Penetrates into the microbial cell, binds to specific receptor proteins on the 30S subunit of ribosomes. Violates the formation of a complex of transport and matrix RNA (30S subunit of the ribosome) and stops protein synthesis.

Active against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic microorganisms: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp.; moderately active against aerobic bacteria - Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Listeria monocytogenes; enterobacteria - Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp., Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Vibrio cholerae; Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Haemophilus influenzae.

Not effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, anaerobic bacteria.

Resistance of microorganisms to neomycin develops slowly and to a small extent.

The drug Neomycin, an aerosol for external use, inhibits the development of bacterial flora in the foci of inflammation of the skin. It also has a drying and cooling effect.

Pharmacokinetics

Neomycin, applied to the intact surface of the skin, acts locally and is practically not absorbed into the blood. When applied to damaged skin, neomycin can be absorbed into the blood and cause a systemic effect.

Indications

- infectious and inflammatory caused by microorganisms sensitive to neomycin (including furunculosis, contagious impetigo);

- Infected burns and frostbite I and II degree.

Contraindications

— hypersensitivity to neomycin or other components that make up the drug;

- violation of the integrity of the skin, a large area of ​​​​damage, weeping at the site of application,;

- simultaneous use with other oto- and nephrotoxic drugs;

- childhood.

Dosage

Outwardly. Shake the can vigorously several times before each use. The affected areas are irrigated with an aerosol for 3 seconds, holding the bottle in a vertical position at a distance of about 15-20 cm from the skin surface.

The procedure is carried out 1-3 times / day at regular intervals. Usually the drug is used for 7-10 days.

Side effects

Allergic reactions: itching, rash, hyperemia, swelling. Prolonged use of neomycin can lead to contact.

With the aggravation of the above or the appearance of other side effects not listed in the instructions, you should consult a doctor.

Overdose

Symptoms: itching, rash, hyperemia, edema, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity.

Treatment: discontinuation of the drug, rapid elimination of the drug from the body, symptomatic therapy.

drug interaction

To avoid possible drug interactions with neomycin, the use of other drugs is recommended only after consultation with the doctor.

Long-term use of the drug simultaneously with oto- and nephrotoxic drugs (including with, ethacrynic acid, colistin) may increase the toxicity of neomycin.

special instructions

It is necessary to avoid contact of the drug with mucous membranes and protect the eyes from the action of the aerosol. In case of contact with eyes or mucous membranes, rinse thoroughly with cool water.

Do not inhale sprayed drug.

It is not recommended to apply the drug on a large surface of the skin, especially damaged, as well as under an occlusive dressing due to the possibility of absorption of the drug into the blood and the appearance of adverse reactions characteristic of the systemic action of neomycin (ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity). If the above adverse events occur, the drug should be immediately discontinued.

In case of skin irritation at the site of application, it is necessary to stop using the drug.

Prolonged use of the drug may lead to the growth of resistant strains of bacteria and fungi.

The contents of the cylinder are under pressure. The cylinder must not be hit, heated or opened. The empty bottle must be discarded. The drug is highly flammable. Do not spray near open flame. Keep away from open flames and operating heating devices.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms

The drug does not affect the ability to drive vehicles and engage in other potentially dangerous species activities that require increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Pregnancy and lactation

When the drug can be prescribed only in cases where the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.

If necessary, the use of the drug during lactation, breast-feeding should be stopped.

Application in childhood

Contraindicated in children

Terms of dispensing from pharmacies

The drug is dispensed by prescription.

Terms and conditions of storage

The drug should be stored out of the reach of children at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C. Shelf life - 2 years. Do not use the drug after the expiry date which is stated on the package.

(Neomycini sulfas)

COMPOSITION AND FORM OF RELEASE

An antibiotic formed during the life of the radiant fungus Streptomyces fradiae. 1 mg of the drug contains at least 680 μg of the active substance (in terms of dry matter). White or yellowish-white amorphous powder, almost odorless and tasteless, easily soluble in water, very little in alcohol. Produced in bottles of 0.5 g and plastic jars of 330 g.

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Neomycin sulfate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. It is active against many gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, including those resistant to other antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin, levomycetin, tetracycline). Does not affect pathogenic fungi, viruses and anaerobic flora. Resistance of microorganisms to neomycin develops slowly to a small extent. Not inactivated by inflammatory exudates, enzymes, gastric juice. At oral administration neomycin sulfate is almost not absorbed and has local action on the intestinal microflora. It is excreted from the body mainly with feces and urine.

INDICATIONS

Colibacillosis, pasteurellosis, gastroenterocolitis and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of bacterial etiology. Infections of the skin, caused mainly by staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia.

DOSES AND METHOD OF APPLICATION

The drug is administered orally 3 times a day, 10-20 mg/kg of body weight of the animal. The course of treatment is 5-7 days. Neomycin solution can be applied topically and topically to treat infected wounds, abscesses, boils, pyoderma and burns. Topical application of the drug should be limited to a small area and not in places where significant absorption can occur. Neomycin can be combined with bacitracin, polymyxin.

SIDE EFFECTS

In therapeutic doses for topical use side effects does not render. In some cases, when administered orally, toxic reactions, vomiting, flatulence, and diarrhea are noted. With prolonged use, the development of candidiasis is possible (nystatin can be used simultaneously to prevent the development of fungal complications).

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Parenteral neomycin sulfate should not be used due to severe neurotoxic damage to animals, as well as severe nephrotoxic and ototoxic effects. It can not be prescribed for intestinal obstruction and impaired renal function. It is strictly forbidden to administer intravenously and combine with other ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs (monomycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin).

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

Slaughter for meat of animals given neomycin sulfate is allowed 7 days after discontinuation of the drug. The meat of animals forcedly slaughtered before the expiration of the specified period is used for feeding carnivorous animals or for the production of meat and bone meal.

STORAGE CONDITIONS

List B. In a dry, dark place at a temperature of 0 to 25 ° C. Shelf life - 3 years.

Manufacturers: AGROPHARM, Russia; Askont +, Russia; VIK - animal health, Belarusian-Russian joint venture, Belarus.

Photo of the drug

Latin name: Neomycinum

ATX code: D06AX04

Active substance: Neomycin (Neomycin)

Analogues: Flukort N, Polygynax, Nefluan, Polydex, Polygynax Virgo, Pimafukort

Producer: TARKHOMINSK PHARMACEUTICAL PLANT POLFA JSC (Poland)

The description applies to: 26.09.17

Neomycin is an antibacterial medicine, which has antifungal action. Released in the form of an ointment (2% and 5%), powder and tablets (100 and 250 mg).

Pharmacological action of Neomycin

According to the instructions, Neomycin has a wide spectrum of action against gram-negative and gram-positive microbes. The drug is active against Salmonella, Escherichia, Shigella, dysentery and anthrax, Proteus, meningococci, pneumococci, enterococci, streptococci and staphylococci.

The action of Neomycin sulfate does not apply to anaerobic bacteria, pathogenic fungi and viruses.

Neomycin is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is excreted from the body unchanged through the intestines. With cirrhosis of the liver and inflammation or damage to the intestinal mucosa, absorption increases.

The drug has low toxicity and has the ability to penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid.

Indications for use Neomycin

Neomycin sulfate in the form of tablets is prescribed for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (including enteritis caused by microorganisms resistant to other antibacterial agents), as well as before operations on the organs of the digestive tract.

Method of application and dosage

Neomycin is taken orally as a solution or tablets. A single dose for adults is 100-200 mg, daily - no more than 400 mg. For infants and preschool children, the dose of the drug is prescribed at the rate of 4 mg per 1 kg of the child's weight. Multiplicity of reception - 2 times a day. The duration of therapy is 1 week.

For kids infancy prepare an antibiotic solution, 1 ml of which contains 4 mg of Neomycin. The dose of the drug should be proportional to the body weight of the child.

To prepare the patient for surgery medicinal product should be taken within 2 days.

Neomycin solution and ointment are applied externally. The solution is prepared in pure distilled water (5 ml of powder per 1 ml of water). A single dose of the applied agent should not exceed 30 ml, and a daily dose should not exceed 50-100 ml. The ointment must be applied to the affected areas of the skin 1-4 times a day. The duration of the course is 3-5 days.

side effects of neomycin

When administered orally, Neomycin sulfate may cause nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, skin rash, itching, urticaria, and edema.

Prolonged use of the drug can lead to the development of candidiasis.

Neomycin has a damaging effect on the tissues of the kidneys and organs of hearing.

Contraindications

Do not prescribe Neomycin to people with diseases of the auditory nerve and kidneys. The simultaneous use of the drug with antibiotics that have nephrotoxic and toxic effects is contraindicated.

Neomycin should not be taken by women during pregnancy and lactation.

Overdose

In case of an overdose of Neomycin, a decrease in neuromuscular conduction occurs, accompanied by respiratory arrest.

Additional Information

Cancellation of the drug is required when tinnitus, protein in the urine and allergic reactions appear during Neomycin therapy.

The instructions for Neomycin indicate that the drug should be stored in a cool place, protected from direct sunlight.

From drugstores it is released under the prescription of the doctor.

Shelf life - 2 years.