Sore throat and fever in a child. The child has a sore throat and fever: we understand the causes of the disease

Content

Most respiratory and viral infections of the upper respiratory tract are accompanied by pain in the larynx. In cases where a child has a sore throat, you need to measure the temperature of the patient and consult a doctor to identify the cause of the baby’s condition and choose the appropriate treatment method for the underlying disease. Independent measures can aggravate the situation and lead to a deterioration in the health of the child.

What is a sore throat in a child

A symptom of a cold or viral disease that causes pain in a child when swallowing is called a sore throat. It may be accompanied by redness of the mucous membranes of the larynx, the appearance of a white or colorless coating on it. High fever and cough associated with this condition indicate acute inflammation and the beginning of intoxication of the baby's body, which must be started to be treated. Unpleasant sensations in the throat can be caused by mechanical causes or be a consequence allergic reaction.

Causes of pain

The occurrence of sore throat occurs as a result of processes associated with the ingestion of pathogenic bacteria or mechanical irritants on the mucous membranes of the pharynx. The tissues swell, become inflamed, squeeze the larynx, causing discomfort. The child often has a sore throat during the following diseases and states:

• viral infections of the upper respiratory tract (viral pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis);
• respiratory viral infection(ARVI);
• infectious diseases, the course of which is accompanied by acute tonsillitis (scarlet fever, measles);
• allergic reaction.

Constantly sore throat

Prolonged sore throat may be evidence of a chronic inflammatory process, regular hypothermia, violation of hygiene or sanitary standards, constant exposure to an allergen (dust, animal hair). Only a doctor can determine the exact cause of what is happening, who should be contacted in cases where it is painful for a child to swallow and the following symptoms are observed:

• increase in body temperature;
• redness of the mucous membrane;
• inflammation of the tonsils, the appearance of white plaque on them;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• the appearance of a runny nose;
• cough.

The child has a sore throat and fever

An increase in body temperature, accompanied by perspiration, sore throat indicates the onset of an inflammatory process of a viral, bacterial or catarrhal nature. It needs to be treated immediately. To prescribe treatment and give recommendations on the regimen when a child has a sore throat, a therapist can, who at elevated temperatures is better to call at home. As a first aid, the patient is recommended bed rest and plenty of fluids.

no temperature

Severe sore throat in a child, not accompanied by fever, may indicate either an allergic nature of inflammation, or delayed symptoms (with pharyngitis or scarlet fever), when the inflammatory process develops slowly, and cough, fever and other signs of the disease appear later, on the third or fourth day. An allergy attack is accompanied by a runny nose, increased dryness of the mucous membranes of the larynx. To determine the exact cause of a sore throat, you need to seek help from a doctor.

How to treat a child's throat

The means and methods that help treat sore throats in a child depend on the causes that cause them. If the main diagnosis is viral or bacterial inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs, rinses or inhalations with antiseptic solutions are prescribed. In the case of a serious severe infection, accompanied by general intoxication of the body, antibiotics are prescribed, means to increase immunity. A combination of medicinal and folk remedies is practiced in the form of rinsing with decoctions of medicinal herbs.

Medications

For sore throats, children are prescribed drugs with different mechanisms of action and forms of application - oral (inside) and local (locally, externally). For quick removal discomfort prescribe sprays or lozenges for resorption. Them active ingredients act directly on the focus of infection, soften inflamed mucous membranes and tissues. Depending on the cause and severity of the inflammation, it can be antiseptic, anti-inflammatory or antibacterial drugs, with a chemical or natural plant composition.

Medical sprays

Preparations in the form of sprays according to the mechanism of action are classified into anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic, antibacterial agents. Before using any medication, carefully read the instructions for use, check the age restrictions and dosage. Follow the regimen recommended by your doctor, under no circumstances self-medicate.

Tablets and lozenges for resorption

This form medicines helps at the local level to soften the action of microorganisms that irritate the mucous membrane of the inflamed throat. Depending on the type of pathogen, a sick child may be prescribed antibacterial, antiseptic or analgesic lozenges based on natural or chemical components.

Medications for oral administration

Tablets for oral administration can help in the treatment of complicated infections that have caused a general intoxication of the child's body. The need for their appointment is determined by the attending physician, these can be antiviral (Remantadin, Arbidol), antibacterial (Ampicillin, Amoxiclav), combined broad-spectrum drugs (Decatilene, Stopangin). The treatment regimen and dosage are selected individually, depending on the diagnosis and severity of the child's condition.

Folk methods

A red sore throat in a child is treated not only with the use of medications, but also with the help of natural remedies. During illness, the child should drink warm drinks as often as possible, such as natural berry fruit drinks or warm milk with butter and honey. Inflamed mucous membranes are lubricated with heated sea buckthorn oil or eucalyptus oil infusion to relieve pain. Rinsing with a decoction of sage or chamomile helps well.

Soda and salt solution

A sharp sore throat is well treated with gargles with a solution of soda and salt. They have an antiseptic and antimicrobial effect. In a glass of warm boiled water, dissolve one teaspoon of soda and salt. To relieve inflammation, it is necessary to carry out the rinsing procedure 7-10 times a day (every 2 hours), 2-3 rinses for each procedure. A fresh solution must be prepared each time before use.

Compress of garlic and laundry soap

Grate 60 g on a coarse grater laundry soap, squeeze two cloves of garlic into the mass, mix. Apply the resulting mixture to gauze, lubricate the child's neck with baby cream, apply a compress and wrap it with a warm scarf. You need to keep the compress for 3 to 5 hours. It has a warming effect, so the possibility of using this method treatment for each specific diagnosis must be agreed with the attending physician.

Video

Attention! The information provided in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and make recommendations for treatment, based on individual features specific patient.

When a child has a sore throat and fever, many parents experience real stress: how to help the baby cope with the disease, is it hiding bad feeling behind a dangerous disease, what symptoms indicate that it is time to go to the doctor?

Each parent should know what the symptoms of various diseases are talking about in order to provide the necessary and useful assistance even before the doctor's visit.

And for this you need to figure out why the temperature rises, under what pathologies the throat becomes inflamed, what treatment the doctor is likely to prescribe, and what first aid measures for a sick baby will be useful, and which, on the contrary, are dangerous.

Why is the temperature rising

The rise in body temperature is a natural reaction of the immune system to the presence of pathogenic microflora in the body.

A sore throat is a consequence of the multiplication of microbes on the mucous membrane, and in order to get rid of them, the immune system provokes an increase in body temperature and an improvement in blood flow.

Thus, special immune cells arrive faster at the site of inflammation - antibodies that destroy bacteria and promote a quick recovery.

The rise in temperature has disadvantages, the main of which is a pronounced malaise of a person. As a rule, a child suffers a fever more severely than an adult.

However, one should not rush to bring down the temperature with the help of antipyretic drugs, it is important to give the body the opportunity to fight the infection on its own with the help of the immune system.

Another negative side of the increase in temperature is the occurrence of edema on the mucosa along with inflammation.

In medicine, this phenomenon is called effusion, that is, part of the fluid from the bloodstream enters the intervascular space as a result of increased vascular permeability. Usually, this phenomenon is not life-threatening for the child.

But if the swelling of the larynx that has arisen as a result of a fever interferes with the normal process of breathing, the temperature can and should be normalized by special means.

Possible diseases

High fever and sore throat when swallowing are symptoms that are common to a whole list of diseases. And it is important for every parent to know at least the main ones in order to understand how to properly provide first aid to a child.

1. Angina is an inflammatory process of bacterial origin, localized in the region of the palatine tonsils. When examining the throat, you can see a dense white coating or white spots of pus on the tonsils. The temperature with angina often rises above 38 degrees, which results in a pronounced intoxication of the body: the child complains of nausea, headache, and in children under 3 years of age, abdominal pain may occur.

Angina can be called one of the most dangerous common diseases. With improper or untimely treatment, it can cause complications from the immune system, the work of the heart, kidneys and joints.

Therefore, if the child hurts proudly and the temperature is 38 degrees and above, you should immediately consult a doctor and start antibiotic therapy.

1. Scarlet fever is a viral disease that is easy to diagnose due to a small red rash all over the body. On the cheeks of a sick child, as a rule, there is a pronounced blush.
2. Pharyngitis is an inflammatory process on the mucous membrane of the back wall of the larynx, in most cases caused by a viral rather than a bacterial infection. Sore throat in a sick child is not very pronounced, more often he complains of perspiration and discomfort when swallowing. If the child has a sore throat and a temperature of 37 or a little higher, the throat is without white plaque, the lymph nodes are not enlarged, we can talk about the presence of pharyngitis.
3. Laryngitis is an inflammatory process localized in the tissues of the vocal cords and adjacent mucous membranes. The provocateur of the disease in most cases are bacteria. You can recognize laryngitis by changing the voice or its complete absence, barking cough, sore throat. If the disease was not diagnosed on time, it can turn into laryngotracheitis, which is characterized by the above symptoms, plus breathing difficult due to swelling of the airways.

Pain in the throat can occur as a result of the presence in respiratory tract foreign body, with allergic reactions or even dry indoor air. But these reasons will not entail an increase in body temperature.

Actions of parents

At the first complaints of the child about feeling unwell and sore throat, the parent should take the following actions:

• examine the condition of the child's throat at a temperature, determine whether there is redness or plaque on the mucous membrane;
• examine the patient's body for a rash;
• measure the temperature of the child;

After that, it is necessary to contact a pediatrician as soon as possible, informing him of all the signs and symptoms identified. The presence of a high temperature in a small patient is a reason to call a doctor at home.

In the event that a child has the following symptoms, it is necessary to immediately call an ambulance service.

• Regardless of how much the child's throat hurts, the temperature is 39 degrees, which does not decrease after taking antipyretics;
• swelling of the neck;
• labored breathing;
• loss of consciousness;
• convulsions.

First aid

Before the arrival of the doctor, the parent must provide the child with first aid, which, as a rule, consists of the following.

1. With a pathology accompanied by fever and sore throat, it is very important to provide the body with maximum rest. Therefore, the child must be put to bed. If he refuses to do this, it is necessary to captivate him with any non-fatiguing activities, for example, turn on a cartoon or read a fairy tale.
2. Drinking regimen is the most important condition not only for a quick recovery, but also for alleviating the patient's condition, because water removes toxins that accumulate in the body as a result of the death of pathogenic microflora. It is these toxins that are the cause of most of the unpleasant symptoms experienced by the patient. The drink is given in a warm form; excessively hot or cold drinks should not be offered to a sick baby. You should also refuse those drinks that irritate the inflamed mucous membrane of the throat, for example: sour fruit juices or fruit drinks. It is better to give preference to warm tea with raspberries or honey, compotes, water with lemon, rosehip broth. You need to drink in small sips or through a straw if it hurts the child to swallow.
3. The issue of nutrition during illness is rarely relevant, since the appetite of a sick child is often disturbed, especially if he is very heat. You should not force-feed your baby, but it is important to understand that the body needs energy to fight pathogens and inflammation that has arisen. Therefore, any proposed dishes should be light and tasty. Suitable fruit or fruit puree, cereals, yogurt. It is important that nutrition during illness is as useful as possible, so it is better to leave chocolate, pastries, confectionery and other foods your child loves until the moment of recovery.
4. If the child has a temperature of 39 and above, which causes severe discomfort, you can give him antipyretic drug.

These measures improve both the physical and psychological condition child while waiting for a doctor.

Parents should not take any other actions, since self-medication is not only dangerous for the health of the child, but also negatively affects the accuracy of the diagnostic process.

Basic treatment

Treatment should be prescribed by the attending physician, after finding out why the child has a sore throat and a temperature above normal.

As a rule, diagnostic measures include examination, questioning of the child and parent, taking a smear from the mucosa for bakposev and detection of sensitivity to antibiotics, clinical analysis blood.

Etiological treatment is prescribed depending on what kind of pathology has been identified.

A bacterial infection can be recognized not only by analyzing a smear from the larynx, but its presence can be assumed by severe intoxication and high temperature.

In this case, it is necessary to prescribe antibiotics to the child, for example, Amoxicillin. It will be possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug within 3 days after the start of treatment.

With a viral illness etiological treatment is usually not required.

Existing antiviral drugs aimed at combating only a few types of viruses, and their effectiveness is noted only if the medication was started on the first day from the onset of the disease.

The effectiveness of most antiviral drugs has not yet been proven, so a sick child is offered local and symptomatic treatment.

In the absence of pathology from the immune system, the viral disease resolves on its own after 5-7 days.

Local therapy is aimed at reducing the severity of discomfort in the throat. For this purpose:

• gargle sea ​​water, Miramistin and other rinsing solutions (rinsing is not prescribed for children under 4 years old);
• anti-inflammatory and analgesic throat sprays: Ingalipt (children under 3 years old are sprayed on inside cheeks);
• lozenges for resorption: Lizobakt, Pharyngosept (children under 3 years of age are not prescribed);
• lubrication of the larynx with antiseptic preparations (Lugol);
• if necessary, antipyretics for children (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen) are prescribed.

It is possible to evaluate the correctness of the prescribed treatment within a few days after the start of therapy.

If the temperature has subsided, and the sore throat has passed, the child is considered recovering. And despite the fact that he can already go out for a walk, until the moment of complete recovery, you need to maintain a sparing regimen.

If the symptoms of the disease do not go away, the treatment is adjusted, antibiotics, physiotherapy are prescribed. Hospitalization may be required.

Almost every parent has practical methods of treatment in his arsenal, which he willingly uses if his child has the first symptoms of a cold.

But you need to know that many well-known tips and recommendations are not only obsolete, but also dangerous.

1. Traditional medicine offers a range of different recipes in order to eliminate sore throat and reduce fever. However, the effectiveness of herbal medicine has not yet been scientifically proven, and decoctions of herbs and other plants can cause an allergic reaction. The immune system the child is not fully formed, therefore it is impossible to predict with absolute certainty the reaction of his body to the most harmless, at first glance, prescription of alternative medicine.
2. The method of normalizing the temperature by rubbing the body with water or vodka has long been recognized as dangerous. The procedure entails a violation of the heat transfer process, as a result of which the child may lose consciousness.
3. Hot compresses and mustard plasters, inhalations and foot baths are methods strictly prohibited at elevated body temperature. Even with subfebrile condition (increase in body temperature within 37-37.9 °), warming procedures can lead to heat stroke, and in case of a bacterial infection, accelerate the process of reproduction of pathogenic flora in the body.

A reasonable approach to therapy almost always provides a favorable outcome, as a result of which discomfort in the throat and fever quickly pass without any complications.

Discomfort in the throat, hyperemia of the oropharyngeal mucosa and fever are clear signs of the development of septic inflammation in the airways. If it hurts your child to swallow, be sure to consult a pediatrician. Discomfort in the throat, hyperemia of the oropharyngeal mucosa and fever are clear signs of the development of septic inflammation in the airways. If it hurts your child to swallow, be sure to consult a pediatrician. In the event of pathological symptoms, it is necessary to exclude dangerous viral diseases, such as diphtheria, purulent tonsillitis and epidemic parotitis.

The main task of the treatment of ENT diseases is the suppression of the activity of pathogens in the foci of inflammation.

For a warning serious complications and relief of catarrhal processes, etiotropic drugs are used, which are aimed at the destruction of infectious agents.

It is possible to alleviate the course of the disease with the help of palliative means, i.e. anti-inflammatory, local anesthetic, antihistamine and decongestant drugs.

The reasons

What to do if the child has discomfort when swallowing saliva? Perspiration and sore throat in most cases are due to the development of diseases of an infectious and allergic nature. It is possible to determine the optimal therapy regimen only after finding out the main cause of inflammation of the oropharyngeal mucosa. Due to the practical absence of active adaptive (specific) immunity, children suffer from respiratory diseases much more often than adults.

The following types of ENT pathologies can provoke inflammation of the respiratory system in a child:

• pharyngitis;
• flu;
• diphtheria;
• epiglottitis;
• scarlet fever;
• oropharyngeal candidiasis;
• laryngitis;
• tracheitis;
• angina;
• measles;
• allergy.

The choice of etiotropic drugs depends on the nature of the infectious agent. For treatment viral diseases using antiviral drugs. Taking antibiotics will be relevant only in the case of the development of microbial flora in the ENT organs. If the symptoms of the disease indicate the allergic nature of the inflammation, antihistamines will help stop the pathological processes in the throat.

Determining the type of disease

What should be the treatment of inflammatory reactions in the mucous membrane of the throat? It is possible to accurately determine the type of infectious agent by conducting a bacterial culture from the pharynx. That is why it is very important to seek help from a qualified specialist when the first signs of the disease appear.

In the case of a typical course of an ENT disease, the etiological factors of sore throat can be established by the accompanying symptoms:

Important! Some ENT diseases occur in atypical form Therefore, only a specialist after examining the patient can accurately determine the type of pathology.

Types of pharmacotherapy

Treatment of inflammatory processes in the throat with pharmacological agents (medications) refers to non-invasive methods of therapy. Depending on the causes of the development of the disease, the presence of complications and the nature of the inflammation, various methods of drug treatment can be used, namely:

• etiotropic therapy is one of the most effective ways treatment aimed at eliminating the cause of the development of pathological processes in the ENT organs; among the drugs of etiotropic action are antimycotics ( antifungals), antibiotics, antiviral drugs, etc.;
• pathogenetic therapy - aimed at eliminating the main mechanisms for the development of pathology; medications in this category include antiphlogistic, antihistamine and psychotropic drugs;
• symptomatic therapy - aimed at stopping clinical manifestations ENT diseases, but it does not affect the mechanism of development of the pathology itself; palliative drugs include antipyretics, analgesics, decongestants and antitussives;
• replacement therapy - used for deficiency or total absence essential nutrients; to medicines replacement therapy include vitamin-mineral complexes, interferon preparations, etc.;
• preventive therapy - is carried out in order to exclude the recurrence of inflammation; preventive medicines include immunostimulants, antiviral and disinfectant medicines.

Important! Irrational medication can cause the development of idiosyncrasy and allergies.

What to do if the child has a sore throat, it hurts to swallow? An integrated approach to solving the issue allows you to speed up the healing process and prevent relapses of the disease. The use of symptomatic drugs does not prevent the development of pathogenic flora. Inadequate treatment of ENT diseases can aggravate the child's well-being and cause serious complications.

Methods of traditional therapy

Therapy of infectious ENT pathologies should be complex, pathogenetically and etiologically justified. When conducting treatment, it is necessary to take into account all the pathological factors involved in the development of the inflammatory process. To speed up the recovery process, it is necessary to use medications aimed at reducing the activity of pathogens, neutralizing their metabolites and increasing the resistance of the child's body.

As part of the conservative therapy of ENT diseases, the following treatment methods can be used:

• rinsing;
• compresses;
• inhalation;
• physiotherapy;
• medicines.

In the treatment of infectious patients Special attention should be given to diet.

Inflammation of the throat increases the risk of injury to the mucous membranes of solid particles of food. To prevent complications, during the passage drug therapy it is advisable to refrain from eating foods that irritate the ciliated epithelium - citrus fruits, spicy foods, hot drinks, etc.

Antibacterial drugs

How and how to treat catarrhal and purulent inflammation in the oropharynx in a child at home? White coating on the walls of the oropharynx, high fever, malaise, pain when swallowing and hypertrophy of the submandibular lymph nodes most often indicate a bacterial origin of the infection. Eliminate inflammation allows antimicrobial drugs, which not only destroy bacteria, but also prevent subsequent intoxication of the body.

Antibiotics are used in the treatment of tonsillitis, sinusitis, paratonsillar abscess, epiglottitis and streptococcal infections. Among the effective and safe medications include:

Important! When choosing antibiotics for children, preference should be given to rectal suppositories and oral suspensions.

maintenance normal microflora intestines - the basic rule that must be observed when conducting antibiotic therapy in children. Antimicrobial drugs destroy not only disease-causing, but also beneficial bacteria in the intestines, which can lead to a decrease in the body's reactivity. Complications and a decrease in immunity can be prevented with the help of "Acidophilin", "Bifidumbacterin" or "Bifidok".

Antivirals

How to treat colds in children? For the treatment of diseases of viral etiology, antiviral drugs are used. There are at least 6 varieties of drugs, each of which is aimed at the destruction of certain strains of pathogens. In children's therapy to eliminate sore throats, the following can be used: anti-flu drugs; antiherpetic medicines; broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.

For the treatment of children under the age of one year, drugs can be used that do not include components of a toxicogenic effect.

Some of the safest medicines include:

• "Viferon" - an immunomodulatory and antiviral drug that increases the phagocytic activity of immunocompetent cells; inhibits the replication of virions, which helps to reduce the number of pathogens in the lesions;
• "Groprinosin" - a drug of antiviral and phagocytic action, which suppresses the production of RNA viruses, which helps to eliminate pathogens in the ENT organs;
• "Citovir-3" - an antiviral agent that has a stimulating effect on T-leukocytes, which leads to an increase in the body's resistance;
• "Amiksin" - a low molecular weight interferon inducer, which increases the activity of neutrophils, granulocytes, phagocytes and other immunocompetent cells;
• "Remantadine" - an antiviral drug that prevents the reproduction of viral RNA; increases the killer activity of antibodies against pathogenic viruses.

Not all antivirals are used in pediatric practice, so when choosing medicines you need to consult a doctor.

How to eliminate discomfort in the throat if there is no temperature? The absence of hyperthermia may indicate regression or chronic inflammation. It is possible to stop sore throat when swallowing with the help of solution antiseptics, which contribute to the destruction of pathogens and epithelialization of affected tissues.

It should be noted that not all drugs are available in a concentration suitable for rinsing the oropharynx. Therefore, before using the solutions, you must read the instructions and, if necessary, dilute the drug with boiled or mineral water.

For sanitizing procedures, it is advisable to use the following types of antiseptics:

• "Hepilor" is an antiseptic and analgesic drug that has a pronounced antiviral and antibacterial activity;
• "Angilex" - an antiseptic solution of analgesic, antimicrobial and antiphlogistic action, which accelerates the regeneration of affected tissues;
• "Rekutan" - a medicine of wound healing, anti-inflammatory and local anesthetic action; used to eliminate infectious foci inflammation in the mucous membranes;
• "Miramistin" - an antiseptic with antiphlogistic action, which is used in the treatment of otolaryngological and dental diseases;
• "Hexicon" is a solution antiseptic with analgesic and wound-healing action, which destroys strains of anaerobic bacteria and viruses.

Important! Oropharyngeal debridement may result in aspiration medicinal solution so please consult your doctor before proceeding.

To achieve the necessary therapeutic results, rinsing must be performed at least 3 times a day. Before use, the solution must be warmed to room temperature to prevent local hypothermia of the affected tissues.

Throat sprays

If after using systemic drugs the child's throat continues to hurt, use local anesthetics anti-inflammatory and wound healing action. Quenching the oropharynx with solutions allows you to increase the concentration of drugs in the affected tissues, which contributes to the regression of pathological processes.

For treatment colds the following types of aerosols are usually included in the pediatric therapy regimen:

• "Stopangin" - complex drug antimycotic, antimicrobial and antiphlogistic action, which reduces pain sensitivity with inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx;
• "Ingalipt" - an aerosol of disinfecting and antiphlogistic action, which is used to treat tonsillitis, pharyngitis, stomatitis, etc.;
• "Kameton" - combination drug local anesthetic, anti-inflammatory and wound healing action; prevents the development of pathogens, accelerates tissue regeneration and enhances local immunity;
• "Theraflu Lar" - a spray of analgesic, antiseptic and decongestant action, which eliminates irritation of the mucous membranes of the throat.

Relieve symptoms respiratory disease you can use lozenges. They include components of anti-inflammatory, disinfecting and analgesic action. For the treatment of children, drugs such as Travisil, Septolete, Faringosept, etc. can be used.

When a child has a sore throat, parents are very worried. Sometimes inflammation spreads very quickly - in just a couple of hours, while in other children it can develop very slowly. However, the consequences will always be the same - severe sore throat. How to treat children at any age (from one to 16 years old), the doctor should tell.

A sore throat does not occur without a reason, especially in children. All factors that provoke such a pathology can be divided into 2 types.

The first group includes causes that are associated with various diseases. The most common reasons in childhood are influenza, SARS, pharyngitis and tonsillitis (especially in children under 6 years of age). Diseases of a bacterial nature also often provoke the appearance of such a symptom. An example is angina, which is caused by a streptococcal infection. As a result, the bacteria pass to the mucous membranes of the nose. And if they are in the nasal region, then they will definitely go into the throat. Body temperature rises. A child who is HIV-infected (infection came from the mother in the womb) also often has a sore throat. The most common cause is a secondary infection. For example, stomatitis or cytomegalovirus.

Very often, pain can be triggered by an allergic reaction. The reason may be pollen, dust, animal hair, mold, etc. In addition to pain and sore throat, eyes begin to redden, rhinitis occurs. Most often this applies to the spring or summer season, although allergies can also be non-seasonal.

Various tumors and other neoplasms in the tongue, larynx or throat can also provoke pain. It occurs due to problems with swallowing. The voice becomes hoarse. If a teenager starts smoking, then his voice becomes hoarse, a cough occurs. It is imperative that this be stopped as soon as possible.

Gastroesophageal reflux is also often the cause of a sore throat. The stomach ejects the contents into the esophagus. His mucous membranes are irritated, which causes pain. And it gradually becomes chronic.

The second group of causes of sore throat includes all factors that are not associated with diseases. For example, a foreign body may be in the throat - dust particles, pieces of food, etc. They irritate the mucous membranes, cause pain and cough. Excessively dry indoor air can also cause these symptoms. The increased load on the pharynx, together with low humidity and high air temperature, will only aggravate the situation. Polluted air, dust, smoke will also harm the throat. In addition, it is forbidden to eat spicy dishes, because. they irritate mucous membranes.

A sore throat is associated with many diseases, so that the child not only has a severe sore throat, but other symptoms also appear. For example, ears begin to hurt, increase The lymph nodes under the neck, it is difficult to open the mouth, breathing becomes difficult. Body temperature rises, chills, feverish condition. In the throat, dryness, perspiration, redness, swelling appear. The voice becomes hoarse. There is a feeling of swelling in the neck. Sometimes, in parallel with these symptoms, the joints begin to hurt and a skin rash occurs.

If a child often has a sore throat, then his condition cannot be ignored. Be sure to go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment. Otherwise, it threatens with serious consequences. For example, there is a risk of developing meningitis. In addition, the infection can spread to the lungs, causing them to become inflamed. When the infection passes into the frontal sinuses, frontal sinusitis develops. For the kidneys, there is also a big risk, because. pyelonephritis may develop.

Therapeutic measures

How to treat a child, the doctor prescribes, but only after he accurately establishes the diagnosis. Be sure to select a variety of medicines. Now in any pharmacy you can find a wide range of various ailments. There are the following groups of medicines:

1. In case of a bacterial infection, antibiotics are prescribed. They should not be used without consulting your doctor, because. they can harm health, despite their high efficiency. The most popular are Grammidin, Trachisan and Bioparox. But for children under one year, other means are needed.
2. Prescribed drugs from the group of antiseptics. These can be monopreparations, which consist of only one type of antiseptic. They have a good bactericidal effect. Examples are Oracept, Septolete and Pharyngosept. In addition, there are combined medicines that contain not only an antiseptic, but also an anesthetic component. Such treatment will help relieve pain, relieve swelling, inflammation, and disinfect the throat. The most popular drugs are Givalex, Strepsils, Angilex and Antiovag.
3. It is possible to treat a sore throat in a child with the help of preparations from the homeopathic group. They have become more and more popular lately. This is due not only to a wide range of effects, but also to the fact that they do not contain synthetic components. For the treatment of the throat, Dr. Mom, Isla-Mint is suitable. They help to cool the mucous layers, relieve severe pain, strengthen the immune system, eliminate redness, swelling. Homeopathic medicines help with both acute and chronic diseases. Another advantage is that they do not cause side effects. They can also be used for children (but for a child under one year old, they must be used carefully and only as directed by a doctor).
4. In addition, auxiliary medications are prescribed. For example, if body temperature is elevated (above 38°C long time), then antipyretic drugs are recommended. When an infection enters the ears and sinuses, auxiliary medications are also used.

What to do if the child has a sore throat, the doctor will tell. Usually he prescribes not only drugs, but also physiotherapy procedures. For example, ultraviolet irradiation is prescribed for early stages disease development. The irradiation covers the back of the neck and the front of the chest in the trachea area. UHF will help reduce inflammatory processes in the throat. Recovery will go much faster. Ultrasound therapy is also used.

Sometimes active medical measures are required. They must be done if the child has a sore throat too often and severely, but at the same time, medications and physiotherapy procedures do not give positive results. This treatment involves washing the tonsils. For this, an antiseptic solution is used. Also, special injections can be made into the tonsils themselves. With lacunar angina, abscesses must be removed. In severe cases, a tonsillectomy is indicated. This is a surgical procedure in which the tonsils are completely removed.

Additional measures

In order for the treatment of the child to be faster, it is necessary to adhere to the rules and recommendations. It is necessary to strictly limit motor activity. The child must always lie down, otherwise the infection will spread to other organs, which will cause severe complications. Mental stress will also not be beneficial, so the child should completely rest. You need to be in bed all the time. Only in this way the body will spend all its strength on fighting the infection.

All day you need to gargle with special compounds. For example, you can dissolve a couple of Furacilin tablets in a glass of warm water. This procedure should be carried out every 30 minutes or an hour. Then the sore throat will quickly pass. At severe pain can not be tolerated, you need to take Paracetamol. It is recommended to smear the back and chest with Doctor Mom or Pulmeks. These ointments are made on the basis of essential oils and camphor. The ointment begins to evaporate, and inhalation of these vapors gives an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effect.

If a child has a severe sore throat, then he should not talk. Ligaments must rest. It is recommended to drink plenty of fluids - at least 10 glasses a day. Carbonated drinks are prohibited, but tea, milk, juices, fruit drinks, decoctions, water can be given to a child. This normalizes the water balance in the body, so that the treatment will go faster. In addition, frequent drinking softens the throat. Be sure to increase the humidity. You can hang wet towels on the battery, put water containers, spray the room. But the neck should be in dry heat. For example, an electric heating pad is suitable. You can wrap your neck with a woolen scarf.

It is allowed to steam the baby's legs, but only if his body temperature is normal. The water temperature should be around 45°C. Do not add hot water. The procedure takes no more than 15 minutes. Then you need to put on warm socks and go to bed.

It is very important to pay attention to nutrition. Then the treatment will go much faster. Very often, food irritates the mucous membranes, which makes the pain even worse. The child may refuse to eat because it is too painful for him to swallow. It is better not to force him to eat, but just wait until he gets hungry. Then you need to give him food that will be healthy, but at the same time gentle on the throat. It should not be too hot or cold.

Do not give excessively sour, spicy or salty foods. For example, mashed fruits or vegetables, warm milk-based porridge are suitable. It is allowed to give yogurt or kefir. It is better to avoid hard foods, because. they can injure the throat. It is forbidden to give ice cream, dryers, crackers. Honey, no matter how useful it is, is allowed to be given to a child only after reaching 3 years, and in small quantities (no more than a couple of spoons per day). But you can easily give your baby jelly, cottage cheese, soufflé, pancakes, meatballs, soups. Food should be enveloping, soft and warm. It is allowed to let a slice of lemon dissolve, but you can’t sprinkle it with sugar.

Traditional medicine recipes

Treat sore throats and with the help of means traditional medicine. For example, you can perform an inhalation procedure using tincture or essential oils of eucalyptus. For gargling, an infusion or decoction of sage, chamomile, calendula is suitable. They can be mixed or used separately. The soda solution is very useful. You need to dissolve a spoonful of soda in a glass of warm water and use it for rinsing. The same goes for saline. Regular kitchen salt and sea salt will do. It is allowed to mix 0.5 tbsp in a glass of water at the same time. l. soda and salt. You can add a drop of iodine and a pinch of turmeric to the solution.

How to treat sore throat in children, the therapist should tell after a detailed diagnosis. It is impossible to treat a child on your own, otherwise it can cause not only a deterioration in the condition of the baby (especially up to a year), but also provoke various side effects. The doctor will prescribe not only synthetic medicines, but also various folk remedies as a supplement. Physical therapy will also help. In severe cases, you will need surgical operations. Be sure to make sure that the child drank a lot of warm liquids, constantly lay down and ate right.

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