Everything you need to know about seborrheic nevus. Sebaceous nevus of Yadasson: symptoms and danger Removal of the nevus of the sebaceous glands in children

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Mole - definition and main properties

Melanocytes are found in the skin of every person, with the exception of albinos, and provide a unique skin color by producing pigment. The pigment produced by melanocytes can vary from pink to dark brown. It is the color of the pigment produced by melanocytes that explains the different skin color in representatives of various peoples and ethnic groups. That is, if a person's skin is white, then melanocytes produce a light pink pigment, if dark, then light brown, etc.

Melanocytes that are part of the mole also produce a pigment of their usual, inherent color or shade (the same as on the areola of the nipples or labia minora). However, since the mole contains a fairly large number of melanocytes per unit surface area, their pigment appears to be “concentrated”, as a result of which the color of the nevus is much darker than the rest of the skin. Therefore, in dark-skinned people, moles are usually painted in dark brown or almost black colors, and in owners of fair skin, nevi are pinkish or light brown.

Moles can be congenital or acquired. Congenital moles in children are not immediately visible, they begin to appear from 2 to 3 months of age. However, this does not mean that moles begin to form at 2-3 months, they are present from birth, just due to their very small size they are not visible. Moles grow with the person, increasing in size as the area of ​​the skin increases. That is, while the child is very small, his congenital moles are also scanty and they are simply not visible. And when he grows up, his moles will increase in size so much that they can be seen with the naked eye.

Acquired moles appear in a person throughout life, and there is no age limit up to which nevi can form. This means that new moles on a person's skin can form until death. The most intensively acquired moles are formed during periods of hormonal changes - for example, puberty, pregnancy, menopause, etc. During these periods, old moles can grow, change color or shape.

Moles are benign neoplasms with, as a rule, a favorable course, that is, they do not tend to degenerate into cancer. That is why in most cases they do not pose any danger and do not require treatment. However, in rare cases, moles can become malignant, that is, degenerate into skin cancer, and this is precisely their main potential danger.

However, it should not be assumed that every mole is a potential site of cancer growth, since in 80% of cases, skin cancer develops in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bnormal and intact skin, on which there are no nevi. And only in 20% of cases, skin cancer develops as a result of malignancy of a mole. That is, a mole does not necessarily degenerate into cancer, moreover, this happens quite rarely, and therefore it is not worth treating each nevus as a future potential malignant tumor.

Moles - photo

This photo shows a nevus of Ota.

These photographs show various variants of pigmented moles.

This photo shows a "scattered" nevus.

This photo shows a halonevus (Setton's nevus).

This photo shows a blue (blue) mole.

This photograph shows a Spitz (Spitz) nevus.

This photo shows blue (Mongolian) spots.

Types of moles

According to the histological classification, moles are of the following types:
1. Epidermal-melanocytic moles (formed by epidermal cells and melanocytes):

• Borderline nevus;
• epidermal nevus;
• Intradermal nevus;
• Complex nevus;
• Epithelioid nevus (Spitz nevus, juvenile melanoma);
• Setton's nevus (halonevus);
• Nevus from balloon-forming cells;
• Papillomatous nevus;
• Fibroepithelial nevus;
• Verrucous nevus (linear, warty);
• Nevus sebaceous glands(sebaceous, seborrheic, Yadasson's nevus).

• Mongolian spots (spot of Genghis Khan);
• Nevus of Ota;
• Nevus Ito;
• Blue nevus (blue nevus).

• Dysplastic nevus (atypical, Clark's nevus);
• Pink melanocytic nevus.

• Combined nevus;
• Congenital nevus.

Border nevus

Epidermal nevus

Intradermal nevus

Nevus of the sebaceous glands (sebaceous, seborrheic, nevus of Yadasson)

Such nevi are formed during fetal development, and appear on the skin of a child 2 to 3 months after birth. As the child develops, the sebaceous nevi grow, increase in size and become more and more prominent. Despite constant growth throughout life, Yadasson's nevus never transforms into cancer, so this type of mole is considered safe.

If a nevus bothers a person from a cosmetic point of view, then it can be easily removed. In this case, it is optimal to remove the mole after the child reaches the age of puberty.

Complex nevus

Epithelioid nevus (Spitz nevus, juvenile melanoma)

This type of mole usually appears in children under 10 years of age and grows quite quickly, increasing to 1 cm in diameter within 2 to 4 months. Spitz nevus is a convex formation of red-brown color and rounded shape with a smooth or bumpy surface.

Setton's nevus (halonevus)

Over time, such a mole may decrease in size and become lighter, or completely disappear. After the disappearance of Setton's nevus, in its place, as a rule, remains White spot, which persists for a long time - several months or even years.

These nevi are safe because they do not degenerate into cancer. However, people who have Setton's nevi on the skin have an increased tendency to autoimmune diseases, such as vitiligo, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, etc. In addition, several studies have found that the a large number Setton's nevus is a sign of the development of skin cancer in some area of ​​the skin.

Nevus from ballooning cells

Mongolian spot

Nevus of Ota

Nevus Ito

Blue nevus (blue mole)

Blue nevus, as a rule, is located on the back surfaces of the hands and feet, on the lower back, sacrum or buttocks. A mole is constantly growing slowly and is prone to degeneration into cancer, therefore it is considered dangerous. A blue nevus should be removed as soon as possible after it is identified.

Dysplastic nevus (atypical, Clark's nevus)

In general, moles are considered dysplastic if they have at least one of the following characteristics:

• Asymmetry (the mole has unequal contours and structure on different sides of the line drawn through the central part of the formation);
• Rough edges or uneven coloring;
• Size over 6mm;
• A mole is not like all the others on the body.

Papillomatous nevus

A papillomatous nevus always rises above the surface of the skin and consists of individual tubercles, colored brownish or pinkish in color and looking very unpleasant. When touched, the mole is soft and painless.

Despite the ugly appearance, papillomatous nevi are safe because they never degenerate into skin cancer. However, outwardly, these moles can be confused with malignant neoplasms of the skin, therefore, in order to distinguish such a nevus from cancer, it should be done as soon as possible. histological examination a small piece taken using the biopsy technique.

Fibroepithelial nevus

Pink melanocytic nevus

Combined nevus

Verrucous nevus (linear, warty)

The causes of verrucous moles have not been established, but in most cases they are congenital. As a rule, these moles appear 2 to 3 months after birth or during the first 5 years of a child's life. Along with the growth of the child, the verrucous mole may increase slightly in size and darken, and also becomes more convex.

Congenital nevus (congenital mole)

Congenital moles can have a different shape, size, edges, color and surface. That is, a mole of this type can be round, oval or irregular shape, with clear or blurry edges, with a color that varies from light brown to almost black. The surface of a congenital mole can be smooth, warty, papular, folded, etc.

Congenital and acquired moles are almost indistinguishable in appearance. However, congenital moles are always larger than 1.5 cm in diameter. Sometimes such a nevus can be gigantic - more than 20 cm in diameter, and occupy the surface of the skin of an entire anatomical region (for example, chest, shoulder, neck, etc.).

All of the above nevi (moles) are also divided into two large groups, such as:
1. Melanoma moles.
2. Melanoma-safe moles.

Melanoma-dangerous moles are considered precancerous diseases, since they are the most often among all nevi that degenerate into malignant skin tumors. Therefore, they are recommended to be removed as soon as possible after they are identified. Melanoma-safe moles almost never degenerate into cancer, therefore they are considered safe, as a result of which they are removed only if there is a desire to eliminate a cosmetic defect associated with their presence on the skin.

Melanoma-prone moles include the following types:

• Blue nevus;
• Borderline nevus;
• Congenital giant pigment virus;
• Nevus of Ota;
• Dysplastic nevus.

Red moles

If the red mole is larger than the dot, then this formation may be a Spitz nevus, which in itself is safe, but is evidence that a person has an increased risk of skin cancer.

A red or pink bumpy mole in people over 45 can be a symptom of the early stages of skin cancer.

If the existing red mole does not grow, does not itch or bleed, then this is either a senile angioma or a Spitz nevus. If the mole actively increases in size, itches, bleeds and causes inconvenience, then most likely we are talking about the initial stage of skin cancer. In this case, you should immediately contact an oncologist who will conduct necessary examinations and prescribe treatment.

hanging moles

• Acrochordons- small skin-colored growths, usually located in the armpits, inguinal folds, on the neck or on the trunk;
• Convex growths of various sizes, painted in dark or flesh colors and having a smooth or bumpy surface, may represent epidermal nevi or keratosis.

If the "hanging" mole turned black and became painful, then this indicates its torsion, malnutrition and blood supply. Usually, soon after blackening and the development of soreness, the "hanging" mole disappears. Such an event is not dangerous and does not provoke the growth of new similar moles. However, in order to ensure optimal healing of the skin and remove, if necessary, blood clots or remnants of dead tissue, you should consult a doctor after falling off the "hanging" mole.

If at some point a person has a lot of acrochordons ("hanging" moles), then he should take a blood test for glucose concentration, since such an event is often a sign of developing diabetes mellitus. That is, from the point of view of skin cancer, the appearance of a large number of "hanging" moles is not dangerous, but this indicates the development of another serious disease.

big mole

However, in order to fully verify the safety of a large mole on the skin, you should consult a dermatologist who can examine it, perform dermatoscopy and take a biopsy. Based on the manipulations performed, the doctor will be able to accurately determine the histological type of the mole and, thereby, determine the degree of its danger. Such an examination will allow a person to make sure that the mole he has is safe and, thereby, provide peace of mind in the future, which is very important for an acceptable quality of life.

Lots of moles

In the vast majority of cases, the appearance of a large number of moles is not dangerous, since it is a skin reaction to sunburn or other factors. environment. However, in some rare cases, a large number of moles may indicate serious and serious illnesses skin or immune system, as well as malignant tumors in the internal organs.

Dangerous moles

If the mole is outwardly similar to cancer, as a result of which they cannot be distinguished, then it should be removed without fail and as soon as possible. After removing the mole, it is sent for a histological examination, during which the doctor examines the tissues of the formation under a microscope. If the histologist gives a conclusion that the removed mole is not cancer, then no additional therapeutic measures are needed. If, according to the conclusion of histology, the removed formation turned out to be a cancerous tumor, then you should undergo a course of chemotherapy, which will destroy the tumor cells present in the body and, thereby, prevent a possible relapse.

Currently classic The following are considered signs of a dangerous mole:

• Pain of a different nature and degree of intensity in the area of ​​​​a mole;
• Itching in the area of ​​the mole;
• Visible increase in the size of the mole in a short time (1 - 2 months);
• The appearance of additional structures on the surface of the mole (for example, crusts, sores, bulges, bumps, etc.).

In practice, doctors believe that the most accurate sign of a dangerous mole is its dissimilarity to other moles that a person has. For example, if a person has moles with uneven edges and uneven coloring that seem dangerous, but exist for many years and do not cause concern, then a beautiful and even mole that appears among these "suspicious" nevi, which is considered completely normal according to classical criteria, will be dangerous. And, accordingly, on the contrary, if among a large number of even and regular moles one of a strange shape and uneven color appears, then this particular mole will be dangerous. This method of identifying a dangerous formation is called the ugly duckling principle.

AT general view This principle of the ugly duckling, by which one can distinguish the malignant degeneration of a mole, is that cancer is a mole that is not like others present on the body. Moreover, either a newly appeared, unusual and different mole is considered dangerous, or an old one that suddenly changed, began to grow, itch, itch, bleed and acquired an unusual appearance.

Thus, moles that have always had an unusual appearance and do not change it over time are not dangerous. But if suddenly an old mole began to actively change or appeared on the body new nevus, different from all the others, they are considered dangerous. It means that moles with the following symptoms:

• Rough or blurry edges;
• Uneven coloration (dark or white spots on the surface of the mole);
• Dark or white rims around the mole;
• Black dots around the mole;
• Black or blue color of the mole;
• Asymmetry of a mole

In addition, a subjective criterion for a dangerous mole is that a person suddenly at some point begins to feel and feel it. So many people point out that they began to literally feel their mole, which began to degenerate into cancer. Many practicing dermatologists pay attention to this seemingly biased symptom. great importance because it can detect cancer in early stage.

mole grows

Mole itches

If the skin surrounding the mole begins to peel off with or without itching, then this is dangerous, as it may indicate an early stage of malignant degeneration of the nevus.

If the mole began not only to itch and itch, but also to grow, change color or bleed, then this is an undoubted sign of malignancy of the nevus and requires urgent medical attention.

mole bleeds

Reasons for the appearance of moles

• Defects in the development of the skin;
• genetic factors;
• Ultraviolet radiation;
• Skin injury;
• Diseases accompanied by hormonal imbalance;
• Prolonged use of hormonal drugs;
• Viral and bacterial infections occurring for a long time.

Genetic factors are the cause of moles that are inherited from parents to children. As a rule, any characteristic birthmarks or large moles located in strictly defined places.

Ultraviolet radiation stimulates the active production of melanin, which colors the skin in more dark color(sunburn) and thus protects it from the negative effects of solar radiation. If you are in the sun long time, then the process of intensive reproduction of melanocytes - cells that produce melanin - will start. As a result, melanocytes will not be able to be evenly distributed in the thickness of the skin and form a local accumulation that will look like a new mole.

Injuries are indirectly the causes of the formation of moles. The fact is that after an injury in an area with impaired tissue integrity, a large number of biologically active substances are formed. active substances that stimulate the regeneration process. Normally, as a result of regeneration, the integrity of tissues after an injury is restored. But if the regeneration is excessive, proceeding under the influence of a large amount of biologically active substances, then the process does not stop in a timely manner, as a result of which a small amount of "extra" tissues is formed, which become moles.

Hormonal imbalance can provoke the formation of moles due to an increase in the production of melanotropic hormone. Under the influence of this hormone, the process of reproduction of melanocytes and other cells is activated, from which moles can form.

Viral and bacterial infections provoke the formation of moles due to traumatic skin damage that occurs locally, in the area of ​​the infectious-inflammatory process.

Moles in children

Moles and warts in children: risk factors and prevention of nevus degeneration into cancer, signs of malignancy, mole injuries, treatment (removal), answers to questions - video

Moles in women

Removal of moles

Is it possible to remove nevi (remove moles)?

Any operations to remove moles are safe, since complications during their implementation are extremely rare and, in most cases, are associated with allergic reaction for pain medication, bleeding, etc.

What moles should be removed?

At the same time, it is not necessary to remove all moles that are on the body and cause any suspicion of their possible malignant degeneration in the future, since this is not rational and ineffective from the standpoint of preventing skin cancer. Indeed, in most cases, skin cancer develops from a completely normal area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin, and not from a mole, the malignancy of which is extremely rare. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove all suspicious moles, it is better to leave them on the body and regularly visit a dermatologist for their preventive examination.

In addition, you can remove any moles that do not satisfy a person for aesthetic reasons, that is, they create a visible cosmetic defect.

Methods for removing moles (nevi)

• Surgical removal;
• laser removal;
• Removal with liquid nitrogen (cryolysis);
• Electrocoagulation ("cauterization" by electric current);
• Radio wave removal.

All other moles can be removed with a laser or liquid nitrogen, which allow the manipulation to be carried out as carefully and bloodlessly as possible.

Surgical removal

Picture 1- Tool for removing moles.

For the operation, the mole itself and the skin around it are treated with an antiseptic (alcohol, etc.). Then, an anesthetic is injected into the thickness of the skin under the mole. local action, for example, Novocaine, Lidocaine, Ultracaine, etc. Then, incisions are made on the sides of the mole, through which it is removed. When using a special tool, it is installed above the mole and immersed deep into the skin, after which the cut tissue area is removed with tweezers.

After removal of the mole, the edges of the wound are pulled together with 1-3 sutures, treated with an antiseptic and sealed with a plaster.

Laser removal

Removal with liquid nitrogen

Electrocoagulation

Radio wave mole removal

Moles (nevi): causes of appearance, signs (symptoms) of degeneration into skin cancer, diagnosis (dermatoscopy), treatment (removal), prevention of malignancy - video

Moles (nevi): signs of dangerous and non-dangerous moles, risk factors for degeneration into cancer, methods for diagnosing and removing moles, doctor's advice - video

Mole removal by radio wave surgery - video

Removed mole

The wound itself does not require any special care or treatment until the sutures are removed, which is done on days 7-10. After that, to accelerate healing and prevent scar formation, it is recommended to lubricate the wound with Levomekol, Solcoseryl or Methyluracil ointments.

Until the wound heals completely, so as not to provoke inflammation, infection and the formation of a rough scar, the following rules should be followed:

• Do not apply cosmetics to the wound;
• Do not tear or wet the crust;
• Cover the wound with a cloth or band-aid from exposure to sunlight.

In rare cases, the wound after the removal of the mole may become inflamed due to the ingress of pathogenic bacteria into it, which will lead to longer healing and scar formation. Signs of an infection are as follows:

• wound inflammation;
• The pain in the area of ​​the wound became stronger;
• Pus in the area of ​​the wound;
• Dispersed edges of the wound.

In rare cases, the sutures may diverge, as a result of which the edges of the wound diverge to the sides and slowly grow together. In such a situation, you should consult a doctor so that he puts in new stitches or pulls the existing ones tighter.

Nevus of the sebaceous glands of Yadasson, or, as it is also called, seborrheic, is a tumor-like neoplasm, primarily due in its nature to the appearance of a malformation of the sebaceous glands, as well as other elements of the dermis. Most often, seborrheic nevus has a congenital form, less often acquired, manifesting itself in childhood and infancy. What causes provoke the appearance, and what treatment is indicated, we will consider in this article.

Important to remember! Most often, the sebaceous nevus affects the scalp or face, less often other parts of the body.

Pathology Clinic

Nevus Yadasson most often affects the scalp - this is a nodular neoplasm that occurs due to pathological tissue growth at the stage of embryo development. Neoplasms are solitary, limited in shape and have an oval shape, a linear area of ​​baldness, manifesting as a waxy plaque.

By their own clinical manifestations pathology has the following symptoms:

Seborrheic nevus goes through several stages in its development:

1. At the first stage on skin neoplasms appear in the child - the symptoms manifest themselves as the appearance of papillae on the dermis.
2. The second stage most often manifests itself during puberty in the form of spherical papules adjacent closely to one another.
3. The third stage - most often it manifests itself in adolescence in the form of small or large growths protruding above the skin.

It is the third stage that is the most dangerous and, if left untreated, can transform from a benign to a malignant neoplasm.

At the moment, doctors cannot unequivocally say what provokes the appearance of a nevus of the sebaceous glands, but there are a number of factors that can lead to the development of this disease.

So, the concomitant factors provoking the appearance of a nevus, doctors call the following:

Complications of the disease

For the most part, the appearance of a nevus will proceed without characteristic symptoms, and therefore the control of a dermatologist is so important in order to avoid negative consequences and complications. Doctors note the fact that in 15% of cases a benign neoplasm will develop into a cancerous one, less often a benign form of adenoma may develop.

In case of a malignant neoplasm, the prognosis is unfavorable and it is impossible to carry out surgical removal due to the high risks of the spread of cancer cells. In this case, exclusively supportive treatment.

At benign neoplasm- pathology has favorable prognosis, and treatment involves surgical intervention. The main thing in this case is timely, early diagnosis and taking the necessary measures, including radical, surgical removal of the neoplasm.

Important! The nevus of the sebaceous glands can also affect nearby tissues, nerve endings, vision and bone tissue, even the central nervous system and the genitourinary system, and in childhood- this may lead to mental retardation development of epilepsy.

Diagnosis and treatment

First of all, the doctor examines and interviews the patient, collecting an anamnesis - when the neoplasm appeared and whether relatives had such pathologies. Based on the initial survey and examination, a preliminary diagnosis is made, after which the patient is sent for laboratory tests.

Laboratory tests will confirm or refute such a diagnosis as dermal cancer or papillary nevus. In particular, the latter is marked by an intense pink color, and the neoplasms themselves have a slightly different structure. Most often, histology is prescribed - it determines the depth and features of an existing neoplasm.

A smear is also taken with a puncture - this will determine the risk of tumor degeneration into malignant oncology. According to the results of the tests received, doctors prescribe a course of treatment - this can be like a constant observation by a dermatologist, but most often we are talking about more cardinal methods, such as surgery.

Due to the fact that the risks of degeneration of nevus tissue into malignant oncology are very high, doctors recommend surgical intervention in the very early age before the child reaches puberty. The thing is that more gentle methods of removing a nevus, for example, the use of cryodestruction, can give positive result, but in the future the pathology will manifest itself again.

In this case, doctors talk about the need for complete removal by excision of the neoplasm within its growth zone and a thin strip of existing healthy tissue.

If it is impossible to remove the neoplasm at a time, doctors perform several surgical interventions, gradually removing pathologically overgrown tissues with a minimum period of time. As a result, if the nevus is located on the head or face and is very large in size, then surgery is considered difficult.

Perform surgical removal of the nevus in a hospital medical institutions, whose profile of work is the treatment of oncological diseases, using local or general anesthesia- depending on the size. After removal of the neoplasm, the resulting material is sent for histology to confirm or refute suspicions of cancer.

Most often, doctors use an ordinary scalpel or an electric knife to remove the nevus of the sebaceous glands. When detected by results laboratory tests sent histology of atypical cells in the body - repeated diagnostics, monitoring of the patient's health and, if necessary, specialized treatment are carried out.

Due to the fact that the root causes of the development of the nevus of the sebaceous glands have not yet been established by doctors as such, there are accordingly no preventive measures that can be advised to prevent the development of this pathology.

With the timely detection of neoplasms and the treatment carried out, doctors give the most favorable prognosis. As statistics show, 10% can develop basalioma, less often cancer. Accordingly, the sooner the nevus is removed, the lower the risk of developing pathological abnormalities.

Nevus Yadasson is a real benign tumor - these are defects that occur in the sebaceous glands. The disease was first described in 1985. You can quickly get rid of the sore.

A nevus of the sebaceous glands, or nevus of Jadassohn, is a tumor. It consists of small and clear-shaped plaques. They are either oval or linear. Yellowish with orange in color. You will notice that they are located above the level of the skin. There is hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands.

Such a nevus is very closely related to the warty and it is believed that they are both within the normal range. Yes, they need to be removed by babies in childhood or, in extreme cases, during adolescence. Nevus occurs in 0.3% of infants as a congenital neoplasm. It can be reborn and there will be an adenoma of the sebaceous glands. Required timely treatment.

In 70% of those who suffer from it, it was congenital. For others, it may develop into infancy and is less common in older children. Most often, it is an isolated case in the family, but there are also families in which many people have it and they had it removed in childhood. Women in adulthood or pregnant women may experience chloasma. These are spots on the face or thighs, abdomen. Chloasma in men is much less common.

In addition, there are atheromas, their occurrence is provoked by plugs in the sebaceous glands. Of course, an experienced dermatologist will immediately distinguish this sore from a nevus. I want to get rid of such diseases quickly.

Other formations on the skin

Chloasma does not appear in those who take care of themselves and lubricate the skin with sunscreen in the summer. In addition, chloasma will appear if problems with gallbladder. Chloasma affects those who have a stomach ache and other digestive organs.

There is no such thing that in men hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands appears less frequently, and in women more often and vice versa. Its occurrence does not depend on your race. Most often, the nevus is located on the head at the border where hair begins to grow. It happens on the face. In other places it is also found, but very rarely.

Atheroma can appear in people of any age. It also happens on the head. A dermatologist understands that atheroma is when the ducts of your sebaceous glands are clogged, there are plugs and, in fact, atheroma is a cyst of the sebaceous gland.

If the nevus is outside, then the atheroma is inside under the skin. It is not noticeable on the head. She can be felt. In addition to the head, atheroma happens everywhere in the body, where there is sebaceous glands and blockages may occur. Requires treatment.

The risk that the tumor will regenerate and become malignant increases with the age of the patient. So, in 25% of young men, the doctor can already say that the nevus has become a hydradenoma or papillary cystadenoma or basiloma. Much less often, but cancer (squamous) or infundibuloma can develop, as well as a tumor of the glands (apocrine).

Seborrheic nevus is dangerous. It can hit your eyes, spread to bone tissue, penetrate your nerve endings and directly into the central nervous system or urinary. Over time, Yadassohn's syndrome may occur. This is a linear nevus, the patient may experience intellectual retardation, epileptic seizures will occur.

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Nevus of the sebaceous glands (sebaceous, seborrheic nevus) is a benign tumor with a high risk of cancerous degeneration. To prevent the occurrence of undesirable consequences can only complex treatment pathology using traditional methods and folk remedies.

Causes of the disease

In 7 out of 10 sick people, the sebaceous nevus is congenital. In other cases, the disease develops before the age of 4 years. Boys and girls suffer from manifestations of pathology equally often.

The main cause of a seborrheic nevus is an abnormal growth of the sebaceous glands on the face, scalp, or along the hairline. Factors contributing to the development of pathology have not yet been established.

Symptoms of the nevus of the sebaceous glands

Seborrheic nevus is an elastic and soft knot of pink, sand or pale yellow color. The neoplasm may have a rounded or elongated shape, a smooth or bumpy surface.

The appearance of the nevus of the sebaceous glands changes as the diseased person grows older. In infancy, the surface of the tumor is smooth or papillary. During the puberty of the child, the neoplasm is covered with yellow or brown papules that are tightly adjacent to each other. Further clinical picture the disease is complemented by bleeding, peeling, soreness of the tumor or keratinization of its surface.

In adulthood, such a nevus can transform into a malignant tumor.. With malignancy, new nodules form in the tissues of the neoplasm, and erosion areas appear on its surface.

Traditional treatment of the disease

Seborrheic nevus is treated surgically. In this case, traditional surgical intervention is most often performed, which involves excision of the tumor within a narrow band of healthy tissues. More gentle treatment methods (electroexcision, cryodestruction, and others) are not used due to the high risk of recurrence of the disease.

Surgical intervention is carried out in healthcare facilities specializing in the fight against oncological diseases. The operation is performed under local anesthesia or general anesthesia. When choosing a method of anesthesia, the doctor focuses on age and general state patient, size and location of the tumor.

After removal of the nevus, sutures and a sterile bandage are applied to the edges of the postoperative wound. The doctor recommends that the person who has undergone surgery come to dressings for a week and treat the damaged area with antiseptic preparations. If necessary, the patient is referred to plastic surgery(skin plasty), designed to eliminate postoperative cosmetic defects.

Alternative treatment of sebaceous nevus

Unfortunately, cure seborrheic nevus folk remedies impossible. However, medicines that can be prepared according to alternative medicine prescriptions significantly speed up the recovery process, reduce the unpleasant symptoms of the disease and reduce the risk of complications.

A colleague sent a patient for a consultation, and I had the opportunity to take a rather rare photo - the growth of basal cell carcinoma against the background of Yadassohn's nevus.

In principle, such a photograph and such a case would probably be of interest only to specialists, if not for one “but”.

Nevus Jadassohn - most often congenital pathology. Benign, but prone to malignancy - in 5-30% of cases (and this is a lot), various tumors develop in these nevi, including malignant ones. More often - basal cell carcinoma, which is not particularly dangerous, but sometimes more malignant variants.

The patient sent for consultation lives with this nevus all his life, and the nodular formation appeared ... about 15 years ago. I will not comment on this and, moreover, I will not look for the cause in anyone (the patient did not turn to dermatologists / oncologists, and doctors of other specialties rarely encounter this type of nevus, and the patients themselves are used to living with it and do not show these nevi to doctors when they turn to them for other reasons), but rather I will describe the nevus itself.

This nevus is a malformation of the sebaceous glands, so it is also called sebaceous nevus. In two thirds of cases, it is congenital, in one third of cases it manifests itself in early childhood. Very rarely, this nevus can manifest itself at a later age, in adolescents, but it happens. Sometimes there are family cases of the presence of these nevi.
It arises from the cells of the ectoderm (from which, among other things, our integumentary tissues are formed) due to mutations that have not been completely studied, and is a hypertrophied sebaceous glands, together with other glands and deformed hair follicles. Refers to hamartomas benign tumors, resulting from a violation of the embryonic development of organs and tissues, consisting of the same components as the organ where they are located, but differing in their incorrect location and degree of differentiation.

Outwardly, this nevus is a flat plaque, sometimes oval, sometimes asymmetrical, with a granular, warty surface and a yellowish tinge. Sizes can be different - from half a centimeter to large, 10-centimeter formations. It is located more often on the scalp, but can be in other places. The nevus itself is not covered with hair, and its not very aesthetic appearance leads to the fact that its owners begin to cover it with hair and not show it to anyone. Including doctors. Which is in vain.

By itself, the nevus does not cause any unpleasant sensations. With age, this nevus changes - so, in childhood, the nevus is usually represented by a uniform fine-grained plaque of yellow-pink, pink, orange color, and in adolescence, the elements of the nevus become larger, it becomes more heterogeneous, sometimes with large warty elements.

Most often, this nevus does not cause any health problems, but, as mentioned above, in 5-30% of cases, various tumors, including malignant ones, can form in it.

This behavior of Yadasson's nevus is the reason that many experts recommend removing it before the onset adolescence. However, this is not an unambiguous question.
Thus, from 1996 to 2002, researchers from the Miami Children's Clinic analyzed 757 cases of Yadasson's nevus removal in children under 16 years of age, and no cases of basal cell carcinoma were recorded in this group, and therefore the expediency of operations in childhood was questioned. A similar study, with fewer patients, had previously been conducted in France.

The feasibility of prophylactic removal in adults remains to be seen. open topic. In any case, both children and adults with the presence of Yadasson's nevus are shown periodic preventive examinations by an oncologist or dermatologist so that it does not work out like our patient.

Let's get back to it, however.
When viewed on the scalp of the patient, a formation of about 7 cm is determined, clinically interpreted as a nevus of Yadasson. On the surface of the nevus, nodular formations with areas of pigmentation are noted. With dermatoscopy, tree-like vessels are determined in nodular formations, based on a combination of signs, the clinical diagnosis is basal cell carcinoma that arose against the background of Yadasson's nevus.

The patient underwent a biopsy of the formation, histological verification:

The prognosis for life and health is favorable. Local recurrences of basal cell carcinoma are possible, but with adequate supervision by an oncologist, which I hope will now be carried out, nothing threatens the patient. The nevus, of course, will be removed completely, but this is quite an easily endured procedure.