What drugs contain lincomycin. What helps Lincomycin? Registration certificate holder

Content

For use in dentistry, in the treatment of sinusitis, tracheitis, and other diseases of the ENT organs, Lincomycin is used - instructions for using the medication describe the dosage regimen and indications. Antibacterial drug eliminates inflammatory processes, abscesses, kills microorganisms that cause disease. Check out his instructions.

The drug Lincomycin

According to the pharmacological classification, Lincomycin belongs to antibacterial agents. This allows it to kill anaerobic bacteria, disease-causing that impair the healing process. Antibiotic Lincomycin belongs to the class of lincosamides, available in several forms. The active ingredient in it is lincomycin hydrochloride.

Composition and form of release

The drug can be bought in the form of capsules (tablets), ointment (cream) and solution for injection. Detailed composition:

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

In therapeutic doses, the antibiotic acts bacteriostatically, in higher doses it shows a bactericidal effect. Inhibits protein synthesis of bacteria in the cell, is active against staphylococci, streptococci, clostridium bacteria, mycoplasmas. The vast majority of gram-negative bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa are resistant to it.

When taken orally, it is absorbed from the stomach and intestinal tract by 35%, food intake affects the slowing down of the rate and extent of absorption. The active substance is widely distributed in bone tissues and fluids, penetrates the placental barrier. Metabolism occurs in the liver, the half-life is five hours. It is excreted from the body by the kidneys and intestines with urine, bile and feces.

What is Lincomycin from?

Instructions for use indicate the following indications for the use of the drug in patients:

• severe diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug;
• sepsis, osteomyelitis, septic endocarditis;
• respiratory diseases: diphtheria, tonsillitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, laryngitis;
• inflammation of the kneecap;
• pneumonia, lung abscess, wound infections;
• infections caused by strains of staphylococcus or other gram-positive bacteria resistant to penicillin;
• pyoderma, furunculosis, erysipelas for ointment.

Lincomycin in dentistry

Dentists call Lincomycin one of the the best means for the treatment of inflammation and purulent processes, because it quickly stops the destructive process in the teeth, helps the tissues to heal. The active substance accumulates in the tissues of the teeth and gums. Indications for use in dentistry are the following diseases:

• periodontitis;
• ulcerative gingivitis;
• inflammation of the periodontal tissues;
• purulent infections, abscesses;
• suppuration in periodontal pockets;
• stomatitis;
• osteomyelitis;
• periodontitis.

Specially designed for dentists special form Lincomycin - Dental. It is a film impregnated with medicine, which is glued to parts of the oral cavity for antibacterial action. It lasts a long time, can be used by patients on their own. Lincomycin injections are used in the therapy of restoring destroyed bone tissue, an ointment to relieve bleeding and inflammation of the gums (at night after brushing your teeth). The ointment can also be used to treat herpes, lubricate the teeth while wearing braces.

Method of application and dosage

According to the instructions, the method of application and dosage depend on the chosen format of the drug and the severity of the course of the disease. The medication is prescribed by a doctor, the course of administration and the regimen are prescribed. Scheme of taking tablets: three times a day, 500 mg. The dosage can be increased to 500 mg in four doses, the course lasts 1-2 weeks. The dose is adjusted according to age and the presence of impaired renal or hepatic function.

Lincomycin in ampoules

According to the instructions, the ampoule solution is prescribed for children from a month old, the drug is not used under this age. The drug is administered intravenously in the following dosage:

• under the age of 14 years - 10-20 mg / kg every 8-12 hours;
• adults - intravenously Lincomycin 600 mg in 250 ml of saline sodium chloride or glucose, the frequency is 2-3 times / day, for severe infections intramuscular injections of Lincomycin 600 mg 1-2 times / day are given intramuscularly.

Tablets

Tablets are intended for oral administration. They are taken orally 1-2 hours before meals or 2-3 hours after. It is required to drink large amounts of Lincomycin capsules clean water. Frequency of application - 2-3 times / day with an interval of 8-12 hours. Instructions for use contains the following dosage recommendations:

• children aged 3-14 years - 30-60 mg / kg / day;
• adults - a single dose of 500 mg, the daily maximum is 1-1.5 g, the frequency is 3-4 times / day;
• angina is treated for 10 days, during the treatment of the disease, it is possible to combine taking pills and intravenous administration of a solution to eliminate the consequences of the influence of microorganisms on the heart and lungs.

Ointment

According to the instructions, Lincomycin ointment is applied externally. It is applied directly to the site of the lesion with a thin layer for skin diseases, repeating the procedure twice or thrice a day. This form of release of the drug can be used with caution in children older than a month due to the increased risk of allergic dermatitis, for adults, the use for the treatment of skin infections is in the usual manner.

special instructions

The instructions for use refer to special instructions that must be observed when using the drug:

• for patients suffering from impaired liver and kidney function, a single dose is reduced by half or a third, while the interval between use is increased;
• with the development of pseudomembranous colitis, Lincomycin is canceled, replaced by Vancomycin or Bacitracin;
• therapy is carried out with caution medication if patients have allergic reactions, bronchial asthma, colitis, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in history;
• not used to treat meningitis.

Lincomycin during pregnancy

The instructions say that Lincomycin crosses the placental barrier and is found in breast milk, so its use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is strictly prohibited (may cause mastitis). During lactation, if the mother needs to undergo therapy with Lincomycin, breastfeeding is canceled for the entire period of therapy plus the time needed to remove residues active substance from the body.

drug interaction

The drug may have an effect on other medicines. Such interactions are described in the instructions for use:

• penicillins, cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, erythromycin can cause antimicrobial antagonism;
• aminoglycosides lead to synergy of action;
• means for inhalation anesthesia and anesthesia, muscle relaxants increase the neuromuscular blockade, before the development of apnea;
• antidiarrheal drugs reduce effectiveness;
• the drug is incompatible with ampicillin, barbiturates, theophylline, calcium gluconate, heparin, magnesium sulfate;
• kanamycin, novobiocin cannot be combined in one injection syringe or dropper.

Alcohol compatibility

The drug is incompatible with ethanol, alcohol slows down the absorption of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract, adversely affects the liver, increasing the half-life of the drug and increasing the load on the organ. Alcohol-containing drinks or drugs, when combined with Lincomycin, reduce the effectiveness of the drug, increase the risk of negative side effects.

Side effects

According to the instructions, the drug can cause the following side effects that will bring discomfort to the patient:

• nausea, diarrhea, stomatitis, glossitis;
• reversible leukopenia (decrease in white blood cells);
• hives, allergic reactions, dermatitis;
• candidiasis, phlebitis;
• intestinal dysbiosis, which can lead to erosive damage to its walls;
• impaired coordination of movements;
• decline blood pressure, dizziness, weakness, relaxation of skeletal muscles.

Overdose

According to reviews and instructions for use, there were no consequences after an overdose of the drug. If you take the medicine inside for a long period of time in high doses, you may develop pseudomembranous colitis and candidiasis infections. If signs of these diseases appear, treatment should be stopped and consult a doctor. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing the active substance from the blood.

Contraindications

The instructions indicate the following contraindications, in the presence of which the use of the drug is strictly prohibited due to the manifestation of undesirable side effects and harm to health:

• severe violations of the function of the kidneys and liver;
• pregnancy, breast-feeding;
• hypersensitivity to components, clindamycin;
• children's age up to a month for solution and ointment, up to three years - for tablets, up to five years - for dental use;
• fungal diseases (the drug is not effective against fungal pathogens), fungal or viral tonsillitis.

Terms of sale and storage

All types of medicines are sold in pharmacies by prescription. The drug is stored in a dry, dark place away from children at a temperature of 15-25 degrees. The shelf life for the ointment is two years, for all other forms of release - four.

Analogues

According to the active ingredient of the composition and the therapeutic effect provided, the following analogues of the drug are distinguished, produced in the form of tablets, solution and ointment by domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies:

• Ecolink;
• Clindamycin;
• Clindacil;
• Clindamycin-Norton;
• Dalacin;
• Lincocin;
• Clindahexal;
• Pulxiprone;
• Lincocel.

Price

The cost of the drug depends on what form the drug was prescribed to the patient by the doctor, the number of ampoules or tablets in the package and the trade margin. Approximate prices in Moscow are shown in the table:

Video

Lincomycin is an antibiotic medication belonging to the category of lincosamides. The effectiveness of this drug is focused on combating gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. It is the first of a number of antibiotics that doctors prescribe if the patient has allergic manifestations for medications penicillin series. Let's take a closer look at the features of Lincomycin in more detail.

Release form and dosage

Before using the antibiotic Lincomycin, it is important to understand that the drug is due to a narrow spectrum of action, that is, it is able to fight gram-positive bacteria, and in the presence of gram-negative it is practically useless. It follows from this that it is necessary to refer to the use of the antibiotic Lincomycin in combination with antibiotics of the following groups: aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones.

An antibiotic called Lincomycin is produced in 3 forms of release. The drug is produced not only by Russian pharmaceutical organizations, but also by Belarusian ones. Consider the existing forms of release of the drug:

1. Tablets. This form of release is presented in the form of Lincomycin capsules, each of which contains 250 mg of active substances. The package contains 2 blisters, each of which contains 10 tablets. The cost of packing tablets is from 130 to 250 rubles, which depends on the manufacturer.
2. Lincomycin injections. The package contains 10 ampoules of Lincomycin solution, the volume of each ampoule is 1 ml. Each ampoule contains 300 mg of the active substance, which corresponds to 30%, and the cost of packaging the medication is 75 rubles.
3. Lincomycin ointment. This form of release provides only external use of the drug. The ointment is placed in tubes of 15 g each. The tube contains 2% of the active substance. The cost of the ointment is from 100 rubles.

The most preferred form of release is Lincomycin injections, which are prescribed most often in the presence of signs of bacterial infection with gram-positive microorganisms.

It's important to know! The main active ingredient of the drug Lincomycin is lincomycin hydrochloride. Each form of release contains this component in a different dosage.

Indications for the use of Lincomycin

One of the positive properties of Lincomycin is the ability to accumulate the substance in bone tissues, joints and broncho-pulmonary secretions. Instructions for use of the antibiotic Lincomycin in the form of injections is prescribed for use in the event of the following ailments:

1. With the appearance of an ailment, manifested in the form of pus discharge with otitis media.
2. Lung abscess and pleurisy.
3. Infection of the lower respiratory tract.
4. Infection of joints and bones.
5. Purulent infections skin and soft tissues.

The use of the drug is shown if the patient has such manifestations as boils and carbuncles. Usually, an antibiotic of the penicillin series is initially prescribed for use, but if it does not have a positive effect or the patient shows allergy symptoms, then Lincomycin is considered. Most often, Lincomycin is used in the field of dentistry, which is due to its affinity for bone tissues. When creating a high concentration of the drug in the bone tissue, the maximum effectiveness of the drug is achieved. In the field of dentistry, Lincomycin is used in the following cases:

1. After tooth extraction, when the occurrence of purulent inflammatory processes is appropriate.
2. After the process of tooth extraction was difficult.
3. With the development of inflammatory formations in the area of ​​the socket of the extracted tooth.
4. At inflammatory diseases gums
5. With osteomyelitis.
6. In order to prevent purulent inflammation after surgical interventions.

It's important to know! Repeated use of the antibiotic Lincomycin is irrational if any medication from the lincosamide group was used the day before. This is because staphylococcal infections capable of developing drug resistance re-treatment if necessary, prescribed with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotic drugs.

If resistance develops to Lincomycin and other medicines from the lincosamide series, it is not recommended to prescribe antibiotic treatment from the macrolide group. This is due to the fact that macrolides and lincosamides are cross-resistant. This suggests that the use of an ineffective antibiotic will not only be irrational, but also lead to liver damage.

Instructions for using Lincomycin in injections

The package contains 10 ampoules, each of which contains 1 ml of medication. The ampoule contains 300 mg of the active ingredient. It is possible to prescribe treatment with the antibiotic Lincomycin almost from one month old child, but if necessary.

The drug cannot be called safe, since it is an antibiotic, therefore, it has a negative effect not only on pathogenic microorganisms, but also on beneficial bacteria. It is used for children to treat septic conditions, pneumonia, purulent infections and other conditions. Consider the features of the use of the drug.

1. For adults and children over the age of 14, intramuscular or intravenous administration of the drug is carried out. A single dosage is 600 mg of the drug, that is, to make an injection, it is required to draw a solution from two ampoules into a syringe. The daily dosage is up to 1800 mg, and in exceptional cases, when severe signs of the course of the disease are appropriate, the dose can be increased to 2400 mg. It is important to bear in mind that the daily dosage must be divided into equal parts and administered at regular intervals.
2. For babies from 1 month to 14 years old, the daily dosage must be calculated according to a special scheme. For 1 kg of the patient's body weight, 10-20 mg of the drug is required. The resulting value must be divided by a three-time administration of the drug.

It is important to note that when administered intramuscularly or intravenously, it is important to follow some recommendations. Intravenous administration of the drug can only be carried out medical worker. If you inject the drug yourself at home, then you need to know that the drug should be administered as much as possible soft tissues muscle fibres. This is done in order to exclude signs of the occurrence of seals in the injection area. It is necessary to enter the content of the syringe as slowly as possible. If you have not previously injected the drug, then it is better to trust an experienced medical worker.

It's important to know! The effectiveness of the drug depends not only on its composition, but also on the correct application.

The intravenous method of administration is carried out only in a hospital, for which the patient is placed on a dropper. The rate of administration of the drug is from 60 to 80 drops per minute. Before you enter the drug by drip, you need to dissolve it in 250 ml of sodium chloride solution. Solution for intramuscular and intravenous administration used in dentistry. Its use is resorted to when appropriate indications arise, which can be found above.

In the field of dentistry, the drug is used for adults and children over 14 years of age. Instructions for the use of Lincomycin injections provide for the introduction of a medication of 2 ml at a time in an amount of 3 times a day. The duration of therapy is from 5 to 7 days. If the drug is prescribed to cure a disease such as periodontitis, then the duration of therapy is 10 days, and with osteomyelitis it can reach 20 days.

An antibiotic in the treatment of bacterial infections in the field of dentistry is used exclusively for intramuscular injection. Lincomycin solution can be injected into the gums, but only when there are no symptoms of inflammation.

The main contraindications to the use of the drug

The antibiotic is forbidden to be used if the patient has a number of the following contraindications:

1. The development of allergic symptoms that occur in response to intolerance to one of the components of the drug.
2. If the patient has signs of hepatic or renal insufficiency.
3. It is recommended to use the medication in the form of a solution for children over 12 years old.

It's important to know! The presence of contraindications, patients must independently notify the doctor that they have the appropriate pathology.

Medication overdose

If long-term therapeutic use of the drug Lincomycin is prescribed, then monitoring of the functioning of such organs as the kidneys and liver is required.

It's important to know! If the drug is administered intravenously in an accelerated mode, then the occurrence of cardiac and respiratory arrest is not excluded.

Exceeding the norm of the drug in the body leads to the development of symptoms such as vomiting, nausea or diarrhea. Sometimes there may be pain in the abdomen. If there are signs of pseudomembranous colitis, then the use of the medication must be limited for a while, and Vancomycin or Bacitracin is used to eliminate the symptoms that appear. There is no antidote against an overdose of Lincomycin, so the elimination of the symptoms that appear is carried out by standard therapeutic actions.

What analogues does Lincomycin have?

The main analogue of the antibiotic Lincomycin is a medication called Clindamycin. This antibiotic also belongs to the category of lincosamides, but has a slightly larger spectrum of action. The main distinguishing features of Clindamycin are due to availability and effectiveness.

Lincomycin analogues also include:

• Dalacin C;
• Clindamycin-Norton;
• Lincocin.

If the pharmacy did not have Lincomycin, then it is possible to carry out treatment with the help of analogues only after the approval of the attending physician. Continue treatment with analogues is strictly prohibited.

Is it allowed to combine Lincomycin with other medicines

Lincomycin is an antibiotic, so it should be used with extreme caution with other drugs. It is dangerous to use Lincomycin together with opioid or codeine analgesics, it is strictly prohibited, as this can provoke the formation of signs of respiratory arrest.

The risk of pseudomembranous colitis increases if the drug is used simultaneously with antidiarrheal drugs. It is strictly contraindicated to use the drug in conjunction with anesthetics and muscle relaxants. Thus, a decrease in the capacity of sibenonium, neostigmine and pyridostigmine is carried out.

Lincomycin is not compatible with solutions of heparin, ampicillin, sodium gluconate, novobiocin and other types of drugs. Bacteriostatic activity decreases if erythromycin is taken simultaneously. During therapy with antibacterial medications, it is forbidden to resort to the use of alcoholic beverages.

Development of adverse symptoms

If the treatment regimen with Lincomycin is not followed and if the body is intolerant to the components of the drug, side symptoms may occur. Some of the side effects include:

1. The occurrence of thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, as well as agrunolocytosis.
2. Diarrhea or constipation, nausea, vomiting, heartburn and esophagitis.
3. Allergic manifestations in the form of erythema, urticaria, dermatitis, pruritus.
4. Headaches, hypertension and muscle weakness.

The occurrence of adverse symptoms indicates intolerance to the drug, so you need to stop using it and contact your doctor for help.

Active ingredient: lincomycin hydrochloride;

one capsule contains lincomycin hydrochloride, in terms of lincomycin 0.25 g; excipients: anhydrous colloidal silicon dioxide, calcium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose.

Description

Hard gelatin capsules with white body and cap; the contents of the capsules are a powder of white or almost white color.

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pharmachologic effect

An antibiotic of the lincosamide group. In therapeutic doses, it acts bacteriostatically, at high doses it has a bactericidal effect. The antibacterial mechanism is based on the principle of reversible binding of lincomycin to the 5 0S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, which leads to a disruption in the process of protein synthesis and destruction of the microorganism.

The drug is active against gram-positive aerobes: Staphylococcus spp., including penicillinase-producing strains; Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae; gram-positive anaerobes: Actinomices spp., Bacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp.; intracellular pathogens Mycoplasma spp.

He acts on Enterococcus faecalis, gram-negative microorganisms, fungi, viruses and protozoa. Resilience develops slowly.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, lincomycin hydrochloride is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when taken on an empty stomach. Bioavailability is 20-40% of the dose taken. The drug is distributed throughout the body, penetrates into most fluids and tissues (liver, kidneys, myocardium, lungs, including bone tissue, where it accumulates in relatively high concentrations). Through the blood-brain barrier penetrates in small quantities, but the permeability increases with meningitis. It also penetrates through the placenta and is excreted in mother's milk. Partially metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites. Protein binding decreases with increasing plasma concentration of the drug and, on average, is 70-76%. The half-life in patients with normal liver and kidney function is 4-6 hours, in patients with terminal renal failure 10-20 hours. After a single oral dose, the maximum plasma concentration is reached after 2-4 hours.

It is excreted unchanged and in the form of metabolites with urine, bile and feces (approximately 30-40% of the ingested dose is excreted in feces in 72 hours).

Indications for use

Infections caused by susceptible microorganisms:

Infections of bones, joints (osteomyelitis, septic arthritis);

Infections of the ENT organs and respiratory tract, otitis media, sinusitis, acute bronchitis, pneumonia;

Purulent infections of the skin and soft tissues (furunculosis, abscesses, infected wounds, panaritiums, mastitis), erysipelas.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to lincomycin or clindamycin.

Pregnancy and lactation

Use during pregnancy is possible in exceptional cases for health reasons. If necessary, use during lactation, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Dosage and administration

The drug is taken orally on an empty stomach 30-60 minutes before meals or 2 hours after meals with plenty of liquid. Capsules can not be divided, opened.

Children aged 6 to 14 years with a body weight of more than 25 kg are prescribed in a daily dose at the rate of 30 mg / kg of body weight, divided into 3 - 4 doses, in severe cases - 60 mg / kg of body weight per day for 3 - 4 reception.

Adults are prescribed 0.5 g every 8 hours for infections medium degree severity, 0.5 g every 6 hours in severe infections (per day - 2 g).

The duration of the course of treatment is 7-14 days, with osteomyelitis - 3 weeks or more. In case of impaired liver and / or kidney function, it is necessary to reduce the daily dose of Lincomycin by 1/3 - 1/2 and increase the interval between doses.

Side effect

When using the drug Lincomycin are possible:

From the digestive tract and liver: nausea, vomiting, discomfort in the abdomen, diarrhea, jaundice, change functional tests liver (transient increase in the level of hepatic transaminases, bilirubin in the blood plasma), esophagitis;

On the part of the hematopoietic system: reversible leukopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, isolated cases of aplastic anemia and pancytopenia are described;

From the side of cardio-vascular system: arterial hypotension;

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, rarely - angioedema, anaphylactic shock, serum sickness, erythema multiforme.

Others: dizziness, muscle weakness.

Overdose

With prolonged treatment, pseudomembranous colitis and candidiasis are possible. Treatment. If pseudomembranous colitis develops, treatment with Lincomycin should be discontinued.

Interaction with other drugs

Narcotic analgesics, as it is possible respiratory failure up to apnea;

Means that slow down the peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract;

Inhalation anesthetics, muscle relaxants;

Cholestyramine, kaolin, vikair, vikalin and other drugs that have adsorbing properties (they reduce the amount of absorption of Lincomycin);

Gtiri reach hm and nom. neostigmine, ambenonium, as their action is weakened;

Levomycetin, erythromycin (weaken the antibacterial effect of Lincomycin);

With clindamycin, doxorubicin, as there have been cases of cross-hypersensitivity.

Structural formula

Russian name

Latin name of the substance Lincomycin

chemical name

(2S-trans)-Methyl-6,8-dideoxy-6-[[(1-methyl-4-propyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl]amino]-1-thio-D-erythro-alpha-D-galacto- octopyranoside (and as monohydrochloride)

Gross formula

Pharmacological group of the substance Lincomycin

Nosological classification (ICD-10)

CAS code

Characteristics of the substance Lincomycin

An antibiotic of the lincomycin (lincosamide) group produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis or other related actinomycetes. White or almost white crystalline powder with a bitter taste. Easily soluble in water, difficult in alcohol.

Pharmacology

Suppresses protein synthesis of bacteria due to reversible binding to the 50S subunit of ribosomes, disrupts the formation of peptide bonds. Effective against Gram-positive microorganisms ( Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., incl. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae), some anaerobic spore-forming bacteria ( Clostridium spp.) and Gram-negative anaerobes ( Bacteroides spp., Mycoplasma spp.). Acts on microorganisms (especially Staphylococcus spp.) resistant to other antibiotics. Not sensitive to lincomycin Enterococcus spp.(incl. Enterococcus faecalis), gram-negative microorganisms, fungi, viruses, protozoa. Inferior in activity to erythromycin against spore-forming anaerobes, Neisseria spp., Corynebacterium spp. Resistance develops slowly. Cross-resistance exists between lincomycin and clindamycin. In therapeutic doses it has a bacteriostatic effect, in higher and in relation to highly sensitive microorganisms - bactericidal.

When taken orally on an empty stomach, approximately 20-30% of the dose is absorbed (food intake significantly reduces absorption, bioavailability when taken after meals is 5%), Cmax in the blood is reached after 2-4 hours. It is well and quickly distributed into most tissues and fluids organism (except for cerebrospinal fluid), high concentrations are created in bile and bone tissue. Poor passes through the BBB. Passes quickly through the placenta, the concentration in the serum of the fetus is 25% of the concentration in the mother's blood. Penetrates into breast milk. Metabolized in the liver. T 1 / 2 with normal kidney function - 4-6 hours, with kidney disease in the terminal stage - 10-20 hours, with impaired liver function T 1 / 2 increases by 2 times. It is excreted unchanged and in the form of metabolites with bile and kidneys. When administered orally, 30-40% of the dose is excreted unchanged in the faeces within 72 hours. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing lincomycin from the body.

The use of the substance Lincomycin

Infectious and inflammatory diseases of a severe course caused by susceptible microorganisms (primarily staphylococci and streptococci, especially microorganisms resistant to penicillins, as well as allergies to penicillins): lower respiratory tract infections (including aspiration pneumonia, lung abscess, pleural empyema ), otitis media, bone and joint infections (acute and chronic osteomyelitis, purulent arthritis), purulent infections of the skin and soft tissues (pyoderma, furunculosis, phlegmon, erysipelas, wound infection).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, severe hepatic and/or kidney failure, early infancy(up to 1 month).

Application restrictions

Fungal diseases of the skin, mucous membranes of the oral cavity, vagina; myasthenia gravis (for parenteral administration, additionally).

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Contraindicated in pregnancy (except when necessary for health reasons).

At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

Side effects of Lincomycin

From the digestive tract: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, glossitis, stomatitis, transient hyperbilirubinemia, increased activity of hepatic transaminases; with prolonged use - gastrointestinal candidiasis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, pseudomembranous enterocolitis.

From the side of the hematopoietic organs: reversible leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia.

Allergic reactions: urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, angioedema, anaphylactic shock.

Others: local reactions with a / in the introduction - phlebitis; with rapid on / in the introduction - a decrease in blood pressure, dizziness, asthenia, relaxation of skeletal muscles.

Interaction

Antagonism is possible with simultaneous use with erythromycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin and other bactericidal antibiotics, synergism with aminoglycosides. Antidiarrheal drugs reduce the effect of lincomycin (the interval between their use should be at least 4 hours). Enhances the effect of drugs for inhalation anesthesia, muscle relaxants and opioid analgesics, increasing the risk of neuromuscular blockade and respiratory arrest. Pharmaceutically incompatible with kanamycin.

Routes of administration

Inside, in / in, in / m, locally.

Precautions Substance Lincomycin

Should not be combined with muscle relaxants. In severe infections, lincomycin is combined with aminoglycosides or other antibiotics that act on Gram-negative bacteria. Appointment to patients with liver failure is permissible only for health reasons. With prolonged use, systematic monitoring of kidney and liver function is necessary. If pseudomembranous colitis develops, the drug is discontinued and vancomycin or bacitracin is prescribed. Rapid intravenous administration should be avoided. At topical application care should be taken in dermatomycosis.

Interactions with other active substances

Related news

Trade names

One capsule contains

active substance - lincomycin (in the form of lincomycin hydrochloride) 250 mg,

excipients: granulated sugar, calcium stearate, potato starch,

capsule composition: gelatin, glycerin, purified water, titanium dioxide, sodium lauryl sulfate.

Description

Hard gelatin capsules, white, size No. 0. The contents of the capsules are a mixture of granules and white powder.

It is allowed to have seals of the capsule mass in the form of a column or a tablet, which crumble when pressed with a glass rod.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Antibacterial drugs for system use. Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins. Lincomycin

ATX code J01FF02

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Pharmacological properties

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption of the drug is 30-40% (food intake slows down the rate and extent of absorption). The time to reach the maximum concentration in the blood plasma is 2-3 hours. It penetrates well into the tissues of the lungs, liver, kidneys, through the placental barrier, into breast milk; found in high concentrations in bones and joints. Through the blood-brain barrier, lincomycin penetrates slightly, with meningitis, the permeability increases. Partially metabolized in the liver. The half-life is 5 hours. It is excreted unchanged and in the form of metabolites with bile and urine.

Pharmacodynamics

An antibiotic of the lincosamide group produced by Streptomyces lincolniensis. Suppresses protein synthesis of bacteria due to reversible binding to the 50S subunit of ribosomes, disrupts the formation of peptide bonds. Active against Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., incl. Streptococcus pneumoniae; haemophilus influenzae; Bacillus anthracis, Mycoplasma spp., Bacteroides spp., Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani. Effective against penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp., tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, cephalosporins (30% of erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. have cross-resistance to lincomycin). Does not work on Enterococcus spp. (including Enterococcus faecalis), most gram-negative bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa; inferior in activity to erythromycin against spore-forming anaerobes. The optimum action is in an alkaline environment (pH 8-8.5). Lincomycin resistance develops slowly. In therapeutic concentrations it has a bacteriostatic effect, in high doses it has a bactericidal effect.

Indications for use

Bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.

Subacute septic endocarditis

chronic pneumonia

lung abscess

Pleural empyema

Pleurisy

Osteomyelitis (acute and chronic)

Purulent arthritis

Postoperative purulent complications

wound infection

Skin and soft tissue infections

Dosage and administration

Inside, 1 - 2 hours before meals, or 2 hours after meals, drinking plenty of liquid. Capsules can not be divided, opened.

Adults and children over 12 years old: 500 mg 3-4 times a day.

Children aged 6 to 14 years with a body weight of more than 25 kg are prescribed in a daily dose at the rate of 30 mg / kg of body weight, divided into 3 - 4 doses, in severe cases - 60 mg / kg of body weight per day for 3 - 4 reception.

The duration of treatment, depending on the form and severity of the disease, is 7-14 days (with osteomyelitis - 3 weeks or more).

With prolonged or repeated courses, treatment should be carried out under the control of liver and kidney function. In case of impaired liver and / or kidney function, it is necessary to reduce the daily dose of Lincomycin by 1/3 - 1/2 and increase the interval between doses.

Side effects"type="checkbox">

Side effects

Glossitis, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, abdominal pain, diarrhea

Transient hyperbilirubinemia, increased hepatic transaminases

Pseudomembranous enterocolitis

Reversible leukopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia

Urticaria, skin rash, exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme, angioedema, anaphylactic shock

tinnitus, vertigo

Renal dysfunction (azotemia, oliguria, proteinuria).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity

Severe liver and/or kidney failure

Pregnancy, lactation

Children's age up to 6 years

Drug Interactions"type="checkbox">

Drug Interactions

Pharmaceutically incompatible with kanamycin. Antagonism - with erythromycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin and other bactericidal antibiotics, synergism - with aminoglycosides. Antidiarrheal drugs reduce the effect of lincomycin (the interval between their use should be at least 4 hours). Enhances the effect of drugs for inhalation anesthesia, muscle relaxants and opioid analgesics, increasing the risk of neuromuscular blockade and respiratory arrest. With simultaneous use with lincomycin, a P450 inhibitor, the effect of theophylline may increase and require a reduction in its dose.

special instructions"type="checkbox">

special instructions

On the background long-term treatment periodic monitoring of the activity of "liver" transaminases and kidney function is necessary. Appointment to patients with liver failure is permissible only for "vital" indications. If signs of pseudomembranous enterocolitis appear (diarrhea, leukocytosis, fever, abdominal pain, discharge from stool blood and mucus) in mild cases, it is sufficient to cancel the drug and prescribe ion-exchange resins (colestyramine), in severe cases, compensation for the loss of fluid, electrolytes and protein is shown, vancomycin as a solution for oral administration in a daily dose of 0.5-2 g (for 3-4 doses) within 10 days or bacitracin.

The drug in a daily dose (2 g) contains 0.1 XE of carbohydrates, which should be taken into account when treating patients with diabetes mellitus.

Features of influence medicinal product on the ability to manage vehicle or potentially dangerous mechanisms: not studied.