Vomiting diarrhea temperature treatment. Why does an adult get diarrhea and vomiting? Diarrhea, vomiting and fever - what are their dangers

1) Drinking unboiled water that has been contaminated;

2) Emotional problems, chronic stress;

3) Syndrome, called "irritable bowel";

4) Crohn's disease (chronic sluggish inflammation of a certain part of the gastrointestinal tract);

5) Ulcerative colitis, which is characterized chronic inflammation or the appearance of ulcers on the mucous membrane of the large intestine;

6) Oncological disease of the rectum;

7) Malabsorption syndrome (in which absorption is impaired).

If symptoms occur: vomiting, diarrhea, fever, you should definitely visit a doctor. It is most dangerous when such a condition occurs after visiting Asian, African or other remote regions. If you do not receive a timely full qualified medical care, then such a condition, dangerous not only for health, but also for life itself, as dehydration of the body can develop. Its main symptoms are dry tongue and dry lips, constant feeling thirst, breathing quickened, urination, on the contrary, becomes less frequent.

How, in the presence of such symptoms as vomiting, diarrhea, temperature in an adult, can you provide yourself with first aid?

Necessary:

1) As much as possible, use liquids that have room or slightly higher temperature (this can be both water and various broths);

2) Completely exclude from your diet for the duration of the disease coffee, any alcoholic beverages, fruit juices and milk.

It is necessary to drink in small sips in small portions. If there is no appetite or there is a feeling of indigestion or cramps inside the abdomen, do not eat. And when the appetite appears again, it is recommended to eat rice, bananas, white bread crackers, baked vegetables, and if meat, then only lean and in small quantities. Until the complete disappearance of symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, temperature in an adult, it is forbidden for him to consume fresh fruits, herbs, alcoholic beverages, fatty, spicy, fried. You can, of course, use an over-the-counter antidiarrheal agent for these disorders, but if vomiting, diarrhea, and temperature in an adult do not disappear on the second day of taking this drug, then you should not continue, but it is better to visit a doctor.

In order to protect yourself and your loved ones from such misfortunes, try to drink only filtered water, always wash berries, vegetables and fruits, as well as your hands before eating. Indeed, in addition to a banal intestinal disorder, a person can, due to non-compliance with these elementary rules, become infected with hepatitis A, dysentery, and in exotic countries, even cholera. Before traveling to distant countries, inquire about the necessary vaccinations, and while there, be extremely careful, especially with raw and unusual food.

In diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea and fever appear, which go along with weakness and vomiting. You will not be able to cope with them on your own, so self-medication is not recommended. Learn how to provide first aid to a sick child or adult, how to treat the cause of unpleasant symptoms.

What is diarrhea

In medicine, diarrhea (or diarrhoea) is understood as a state of the body, accompanied by nausea, frequent liquid watery stools, pain in the abdomen, and sometimes high fever. Diarrhea causes dehydration, is dangerous for the elderly, children, so it is important to know what treatment to use in order to prevent serious consequences.

Distinguish between acute and chronic diarrhea. The first lasts up to two weeks, is caused by allergic reactions to drugs, food poisoning, infections. Chronic illness- This is persistent prolonged diarrhea with periods of remission. It leads to weakening and dehydration of the body, it can be a symptom of a latent disease. Causes of prolonged persistent diarrhea can be ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome.

Intestinal infection is accompanied by severe chills, feces with blood. An urgent visit to the doctor is needed if diarrhea lasts more than five days in adults and two in children, dark bloody stools are discharged, severe pain, dehydration. It is especially important to see a doctor if you develop diarrhea after returning from Africa or Asia.

What is temperature

Body temperature is understood as an indicator of the thermal state of the human body, reflecting the relationship between organs and the external environment. Dangerous for humans is increased and heat bodies: up to 38 subfebrile, up to 39 - febrile, up to 41 - pyretic, above 41 hyperpyretic. The critical indicator is 42 degrees - at this temperature, brain tissue is destroyed, which leads to death.

The causes of fever are viruses, bacteria. The fever is accompanied by fatigue, weakness, dry skin, mucous membranes, mild or severe chills. An indicator above 38.5 degrees is a reason for an urgent call to the doctor at home, especially if a person has muscle aches, pain in the limbs, arrhythmia, loss of appetite.

Temperature and diarrhea in an adult

E. coli - infects meat, fish, milk, vegetables, fruits, water. The infection is transmitted from person to person, the symptoms are watery stools with blood, vomiting.
Salmonella - it contains raw milk, poorly fried eggs. Excited disease is accompanied acute pain in the abdomen, fever, frequency of diarrhea 12-15 times a day;
Shigella - found in foods, there are loose stools, with blood, abdominal cramps;
Rotavirus (viral infection) - you can get infected from others, a person is worried about vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea are observed.

The reasons

Loose stools and fever in adults or children are more likely to occur against the background of food poisoning. Other reasons are:

abundant food intake;
allergic reactions;
excess dosage of medications;
severe stress, emotional stress;
abrupt climate change;
damage to the gastrointestinal tract by an infectious disease;
stomach ulcer, gastritis;
poisoning with heavy metals, poisons, chemical toxins;
radiation injury.

Diarrhea, nausea, fever

Diarrhea with fever and nausea serves as a protective reaction to the entry of toxins into the body. The reasons for the development of these symptoms in the aggregate are:

abuse fatty foods with enzymatic deficiency;
cholera, hepatitis;
gastritis, ulcer, inflammation of the pancreas, cholecystitis;
poisoning with mercury vapor, nitrates, poisonous mushrooms.

Loose stools and temperature 37

When diarrhea appears and a temperature of 37 degrees, doctors may suspect gastroenteritis or intestinal flu due to viruses entering the intestines. Their toxins cause inflammation that affects the intestinal mucosa. The person becomes contagious to other people. Viruses can enter the body through food, drinks:

with unwashed fruits, expired food;
with unboiled water, when bathing in an infected reservoir;
airborne through sneezing or talking to a lot of people.

The incubation period lasts 16 hours, after which the destruction of the intestinal mucosa occurs. Signs of a dangerous disease are:

frequent liquid diarrhea - 10 times a day;
nausea, vomiting, cough, sore throat;
mucus in stool;
gray-yellow clay-like stools;
pain in the stomach.

Diarrhea and temperature 38 in an adult

With severe diarrhea and a temperature of 38 degrees, doctors diagnose "damage to the gastrointestinal tract due to the development of infection." The reasons may be an overdose of antibiotics, hormonal nonsteroidal drugs, indigestion. The latter can be caused by overeating or eating low-quality foods. If you feel worse, visit a gastroenterologist or therapist.

Temperature, nausea, diarrhea, weakness

Symptoms of food poisoning are weakness, high fever, and watery diarrhea in an adult or child. They appear suddenly, after eating products, without an incubation period. Two hours after ingestion, the pathogen (infection of microbes, viruses, or ingestion of chemical toxins) acts on the body. characteristic symptoms are:

liquid stool coming out cramping;
decline blood pressure;
cold sweat;
in case of poisoning with poisons, vision is disturbed, the work of the brain, muscles lose their tone.

Diarrhea and fever in childhood

Toddlers dangerous temperature with diarrhea is 37 degrees or more. The causes of these symptoms are:

eating disorder, intoxication of the body - a pale face, cold feet and hands, a stomach ache;
reaction to drugs;
acetonemic syndrome - lack of carbohydrates, transferred infectious diseases digestive system, stress, manifested by vomiting, unpleasant odor of acetone from the mouth;
teething - gums may swell;
non-observance of hygiene rules - signs of poisoning are visible;
helminthic infestations - severe diarrhea;
gastritis, colitis, dysbacteriosis - signs of toxins entering the body disappear with medication;
enterovirus - diarrhea with blood (invasive bloody diarrhea);
rubella, scarlet fever, measles - rashes on the skin;
influenza, tonsillitis, otitis, pharyngitis - redness of the throat, enlarged tonsils, nasal congestion, the temperature may rise;
dysentery, salmonellosis - green feces with mucus.

What to do

Home treatment can reduce the impact of dangerous symptoms, provided that the following recommendations are followed:

give the patient a plentiful drink - mineral water Borzhom or Essentuki, dried fruit compotes, weak fruit drinks, weak tea with honey;
observe dietary nutrition - boiled cereals, vegetable soups;
take sour-milk products, non-acidic cheeses, low-fat cottage cheese;
drink starchy jelly for health;
eat more boiled vegetables, baked fruits;
you can bring down the temperature above 38 degrees with Nurofen, Aspirin, Paracetamol;
take calcium supplements, pro-or prebiotics with pectin, acidophilus.

First aid

If the temperature rises and stool disorders appear, the following measures will be the first aid for the patient:

at the first sign intestinal poisoning induce vomiting to wash the stomach - drink a solution of potassium permanganate or soda, repeat until the stomach is completely empty, then take an absorbent;
to prevent signs of dehydration every 10 minutes, give the patient a sip of Regidron (a bag per liter of water), drink plenty of water;
on the first day of treatment with severe weakness, you should refuse to eat, drink more and rest, follow a light diet, use broths in the following days;
the temperature with diarrhea up to 37 degrees should not go astray (it indicates that the body is in the process of self-fighting the infection). In this situation, provide the patient with complete rest.

Medical treatment

With a complicated course of the disease, diagnostics are required to prescribe the right drugs for treatment. Diagnosis measures include the use of coprograms, stool tests for dysbacteriosis and helminths, general and biochemical blood tests, ultrasound abdominal cavity. Depending on the cause of diarrhea, treatment methods are:

intake of sorbents - Smecta, Enterosgel, activated carbon, Polyphepan, Neosmectin, activated carbon (tablet per 10 kg of body weight), Balignin, Attapultit
gastric lavage with severe vomiting;
rehydration therapy for fluid loss - Regidron, Gastrolit, Citroglucosolan, chamomile tea, pharmaceutical saline;
antipyretics for headaches - Paracetamol, Nurofen;
taking fluoroquinolone antibiotics or cephalosporins - in a serious condition, the presence of blood in diarrhea
lacto and bifidobacteria for recovery intestinal microflora with rotavirus infection;
taking anti-inflammatory drugs on the first day of illness - Indomethacin, Diclofenac, Sulfasalosin;
when diarrhea appears, it is useful to take Festal or Mezim to stimulate the work of the intestines and remove toxins.

Alternative treatment

If diarrhea and high fever appear in an adult or child, you can use traditional medicine recipes to help get rid of dehydration:

Reception of rice or pomegranate broth, infusion of mint, fresh blueberries.
The use of dry starch dissolved in water, diluted carrot puree, chamomile or mint tea.
Reception of rehydration solutions - take a tablespoon of sugar, tea salt and half tea soda per liter of boiled water. Or dissolve eight teaspoons of sugar, tea salt, fresh juice of two oranges or grapefruits in a liter. It is necessary to drink the patient every five minutes in small portions.

Prevention

To prevent the onset of weakness, fever, diarrhea and vomiting, simple but effective rules prevention:

when preparing food, observe the shelf life of products;
do not allow self-treatment with antibiotics;
store ingredients only in the refrigerator in compliance with the commodity neighborhood, do not keep raw meat next to fresh vegetables;
choose only high-quality food products, without delay in expiration dates;
do not eat raw fish in rolls, cook steaks without blood, do not drink unpasteurized milk, untested water;
wash your hands more often;
eliminate insects in the kitchen;
wash dishes thoroughly.

Video

With the appearance of vomiting, diarrhea, temperature, a person thinks about food poisoning. Do not forget that there are other factors that cause such conditions. Main reasons:

Food poisoning.
Viral and bacterial infections.
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

food poisoning

The reason is the intake of food containing toxins. Produced by pathogenic microorganisms. Poisoning occurs within a few hours (1-12). A person has multiple symptoms. Before starting treatment, it is necessary to differential diagnosis with other diseases.

The main symptoms of food poisoning are:

Nausea.
Vomit.
Diarrhea.
Pain, cramps in the abdomen.
Temperature increase (37-40 degrees).
Weakness.
Pallor.

The first sign of poisoning is nausea. Lasts for a short time. Soon, severe vomiting begins. The stomach is cleared. The process cannot be stopped. Prolonged, indomitable vomiting is an indication for the use of antiemetic drugs.

After vomiting comes relief. The person will feel weak. Pallor will appear skin. Now, at the end of vomiting, they take enterosorbents (activated charcoal), other drugs (a clear solution of manganese, Enterosgel). In some cases, it is possible to take in small amounts of infusions medicinal herbs(chamomile, St. John's wort).

Diarrhea is a natural cleansing mechanism. Helps to remove the remnants of contaminated food from the body. Depending on the causative agent of the disease, diarrhea can be different in color.

With diarrhea due to increased peristalsis, the sick person experiences severe spasms. Feelings may persist after recovery. After diarrhea, the body is dehydrated. With severe dehydration, take a solution of Regidron.

Temperature with vomiting, diarrhea indicates the severity of the condition. A temperature of 37 degrees indicates the presence of a sluggish process. An increase to 38 degrees indicates the transition of the infectious process into the acute phase. Careful monitoring of the human condition is required.

Food poisoning, mild and medium degree gravity is cured at home, with improvised means. It is allowed to use antipyretics, drugs of the nitrofuran series.

A sharp deterioration in the patient's condition (headaches, fainting, blurred vision, the temperature rose to 39-40 degrees, there were violations of cardiac activity) requires urgent hospitalization. Hand over analyzes, establish the exact diagnosis. Depending on this, the treatment tactics are chosen.

An adult is easier to tolerate food poisoning than a child. The child's body has an immature immune system. Mild disease progresses severely. At a temperature of 38 there is a need for hospitalization. Even if the temperature, diarrhea occur without vomiting. The use of enemas with salted water is justified (dissolve 1 tablespoon of salt in 1 liter of boiled water).

Viral and bacterial infections

The appearance in a person of incessant vomiting, diarrhea with fever always gives reason to assume infection with viruses, bacteria. Diseases are severe. Timely laboratory research (blood, feces, urine, vomit) will be able to identify the pathogen. After that, appropriate therapy is selected.

Common viral and bacterial infections:

Rotavirus.
Dysentery.
Salmonellosis.
Viral hepatitis.

Viral type hepatitis

Rotaviruses

Rotavirus (intestinal flu) is a microorganism that infects the human intestine. They are infected by the fecal-oral route. Not related to the influenza virus. The disease began to be called so because of the similarity of symptoms (temperature 37-38, runny nose, cough, headache, sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness).

When infected with rotavirus, the patient's stool becomes like clay, acquires a light, grayish-yellow hue. There is an admixture of blood. In a child, the disease is more severe than in an adult. If the baby is very sick, vomits, take action. Acute disease occurs at the first infection. The virus causes active production of antibodies, a strong immunity develops.

There are no specific medicines. Treatment is symptomatic. It is recommended to drink plenty of water, activated charcoal, antipyretics. Be careful in dealing with patients. They are contagious and must be isolated.

Dysentery

The cause of the disease is the ingestion of bacteria of the genus Shigella into the intestines. This bacterium causes severe damage, mainly to the large intestine. The source of infection can be a person, water, food. Symptoms of infection appear 2-7 days after contact with an infected object.

The disease can begin in different ways. Headaches, lethargy, temperature are quickly replaced by pain in the abdomen. There is severe diarrhea, the temperature rises to 39. The skin turns pale, the tongue becomes brown. Heart rate increases, blood pressure drops.

The number of bowel movements - from 20 to 50 times a day. Gradually, the stool turns into a mixture of mucus, blood and pus. The duration of the disease is 3-4 weeks. Complications - peritonitis and paraproctitis.

disease dysentery

Treatment depends on the severity. Mild form - treatment table No. 4, nitrofurans, oxyquinolines. For moderate to severe forms, a combination of antibiotics is selected. Drugs are prescribed taking into account the sensitivity of the strain.

salmonellosis

An intestinal infection is caused by the Salmonella bacterium. Occurs upon contact with a sick person, animal or food. Acute development (chills, fever up to 41 degrees with nausea, vomiting, headaches).

A specific symptom is frequent, watery bowel movements. The stool is green, with bile, lasts 8-10 days.
Often there are joint pains, enlargement of the liver and spleen.

The patient is placed in the infectious department. Diagnosis is made after laboratory research. Treatment is carried out with the help of penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, specific bacteriophages. Antibiotics are not prescribed in the absence of blood in the stool.

The patient is prescribed plenty of fluids, solutions to restore electrolyte balance, diet, drugs to remove toxins, restore intestinal microflora.

Possible complications:

peritonitis;
toxic shock;
polyarthritis;
kidney failure.

salmonellosis disease

Viral hepatitis

Acute viral liver disease. The incubation period is from 7 days to 6 months, depending on the strain (A, B, C, D, E, F, G). You can get infected dirty water, contaminated food, syringes, unprotected sex.

The disease begins with fever, nausea, pain in the epigastric region. Then joins the ache, headache. Appetite is reduced. Diarrhea, flatulence begins. There is severe itching.

Against this background, there is a significant increase in the size of the liver and spleen. The man vomits bile. Urine darkens, feces become discolored. Growing signs of general intoxication. After the color of the skin and sclera of the eyes in yellow there is some relief.

Children experience hepatitis differently. If the child has always had low body resistance, then the mild form of the disease is difficult.

When infected with hepatitis A, treatment is not required. They prescribe a diet, bed rest, plenty of fluids, antispasmodics (no-shpa, papaverine), choleretic agents. If necessary, add drugs for detoxification (intravenously).

Infection with other types of hepatitis is more severe. In addition to basic therapy, antiviral treatment with interferons is used. A complete cure is almost impossible. Proper therapy achieves long-term remissions. A long ban on alcohol is introduced.

Complications:

chronic diseases of the gallbladder;
necrosis;
cirrhosis;

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Disorder of the stomach and intestines leads to the development of various diseases. Increased or decreased secretion gastric juice and digestive enzymes cause malfunctions internal organs. Pancreatitis, gastritis, gastroduodenitis, peptic ulcer and many other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract outwardly often have similar symptoms.

The most dangerous is pancreatitis. In men, it develops due to the use of alcohol and fatty foods, and in women due to cholelithiasis, diets, and hormonal fluctuations.

The primary symptom is vomiting with an admixture of bile, epigastric pain, diarrhea and slight temperature. For nausea in mild form and mild pain in the stomach, the patient can be treated at home, symptomatically. If the temperature has risen to 38-39 degrees, it means that the pathogenic intestinal flora has joined. Taking antibiotics will help relieve inflammation.

Digestive disorders deserve close attention. After a comprehensive examination, the gastroenterologist will be able to prescribe the appropriate treatment. This will save you from possible complications.

Content

What is diarrhea

Distinguish between acute and chronic diarrhea. The first lasts up to two weeks, is caused by allergic reactions to drugs, food poisoning, infections. Chronic disease is a persistent long-term diarrhea with periods of remission. It leads to weakening and dehydration of the body, it can be a symptom of a latent disease. The causes of long-term persistent diarrhea can be ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome.

Intestinal infection is accompanied by severe chills, feces with blood. An urgent visit to the doctor is needed if diarrhea lasts more than five days in adults and two in children, dark bloody stools, severe pain, dehydration. It is especially important to see a doctor if you develop diarrhea after returning from Africa or Asia.

What is temperature

Body temperature is understood as an indicator of the thermal state of the human body, reflecting the relationship between organs and the external environment. Dangerous for a person is elevated and high body temperature: up to 38 subfebrile, up to 39 - febrile, up to 41 - pyretic, above 41 hyperpyretic. The critical indicator is 42 degrees - at this temperature, brain tissue is destroyed, which leads to death.

Temperature and diarrhea in an adult

E. coli - infects meat, fish, milk, vegetables, fruits, water. The infection is transmitted from person to person, the symptoms are watery stools with blood, vomiting.
Salmonella - it contains raw milk, poorly fried eggs. Excited disease is accompanied by acute pain in the abdomen, fever, frequency of diarrhea 12-15 times a day;
Shigella - found in foods, there are loose stools, with blood, abdominal cramps;
Rotavirus (viral infection) - you can get infected from others, a person is worried about vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea are observed.