What are angioprotectors: introductory information. What are angioprotectors: introductory information Angioprotectors classification

An experienced specialist should tell you when angioprotectors are prescribed, what they are and how to use them. Moreover, only he can prescribe such drugs to treat a patient if he has certain diseases.

Essence of the question

Angioprotectors are a large group medicines, the action of which leads to the normalization of the functions of vascular walls and microcirculation processes. The peculiarity of angioprotectors is that these drugs can restore blood flow even in the smallest capillaries, normalizing their tone. As a result, metabolic processes are stabilized and swelling is eliminated.

It should be noted that drugs in this group are still at the stage of study, since the spectrum pharmacological actions diverse. Each medicine in the group performs different functions. Everything will depend on the concentration of hyaluronic acid derivatives and the degree of anti-bradykinin effect.

The angioprotective agent can be used for various purposes. For example, doctors prescribe it in case of trophic disorders to eliminate ulcers. This group needs detailed consideration. The mechanism of action includes the following directions:

1. 1. Suppression of inflammatory mediators.
2. 2. Reduced activity of hyaluronic acid derivatives.
3. 3. Normalization and restoration of the permeability of vascular walls.
4. 4. Impact on hematopoietic processes: reducing viscosity, regulating blood composition, preventing the adhesion of blood cells to blood vessels.
5. 5. Ensuring the normal process of blood clotting.

The list of positive directions is varied. And from this it follows that angioprotectors can be used to treat a large number of ailments associated with cardiovascular system.

Indications for use

Doctors prescribe such medications in the following cases:

1. 1. Therapy of varicose veins and elimination of unpleasant symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency.
2. 2. Local and systemic remedies can be used to treat diseases of the rectum: hemorrhoids, anal bumps and fissures.
3. 3. The above-described group of drugs reduces the permeability of small vessels, and this has a beneficial effect on the further treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

The following indications for use can be distinguished:

1. 1. Targeted fight against pathological processes occurring in blood vessels. They can be provoked by diabetes mellitus or rheumatological diseases.
2. 2. Internal drugs are prescribed in case of detection of an atherosclerotic plaque clogging a vessel. As a result of this process, blood viscosity may increase, and this should not be allowed.
3. 3. Elimination of symptoms caused by problems with cerebral circulation and coronary disease hearts.

According to the official classification, the angioprotective group is divided into drugs produced in the form of tablets (for oral administration), ointments, gels, suppositories and creams. To increase the effectiveness of therapy, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial components are added to the drugs.

Classification of drugs

The above-described line of drugs can be divided according to various criteria. One of them is the component composition: there can be either plant compounds (Hesperidin and Diosmin) or synthetic ones (Sulodexide, Pentoxifylline, Calcium Dobesylate, etc.). Of course, the concentrations of these substances vary depending on the current treatment goals.

The angioprotective effect is achieved through the use of a certain amount of drugs. They help achieve both comprehensive and local impact on the problem. Patients should understand that medications have different mechanisms of action, so self-medication is strictly unacceptable.

For example, arterial thrombosis can be localized using drugs based on pentoxifylline and sulodexide. The same combination will be unacceptable during the treatment of varicose veins.

Before starting use, you should read the instructions in detail, which will indicate contraindications. We must understand that any drug is not a panacea that can cure any problem. Everything will depend on the composition of the product and the doctor’s prescription.

The main contraindications include:

1. 1. Impossibility of use if there is an individual intolerance to any components ( active ingredients).
2. 2. Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory processes during an exacerbation make it impossible to take medications.
3. 3. You can start taking medications after reaching 16-18 years of age.
4. 4. Some of these drugs are not recommended for pregnant women, as well as during lactation.

It is contraindicated to use medications for external use in the following cases:

1. 1. Violation of skin integrity.
2. 2. Leaking inflammatory processes soft tissues.
3. 3. Allergic reaction to the components included in the product.
4. 4. Ulcers caused by trophic changes.

The patient must follow the instructions and prescriptions of the attending physician, adopted on the basis of the diagnosis.

Common medications

The most effective and well-known angioprotectors are available in the form of tablets or capsules. Given that correct use manages to achieve positive changes. List of drugs:

1. 1. Vasocket.
2. 2. Detralex.
3. 3. Phlebodia 600.
4. 4. Aescusan.
5. 5. Ascorutin.
6. 6. Venoruton.
7. 7. Pentoxifylline.
8. 8. Troxevasin.
9. 9. Venarus.

results clinical trials confirmed that Detralex actively fights varicose veins by normalizing blood flow and microcirculation. Many patients note that their lives have changed radically after starting treatment with this drug.

Detralex is characterized by a high degree of tolerability, and therefore it can be used by women during pregnancy, but first it is better to consult with your doctor. In addition, the drug can be used for prophylactic purposes. It can be taken long time, but only under constant medical supervision.

Pentoxifylline restores microcirculation, providing an antiaggregation effect by reducing the calcium concentration inside the cells. It can be used in tablet and injection form. Orally - 2-3 times a day after each meal. And injections are prescribed once a day: the administration should be smooth and controlled; the patient must take a horizontal position.

Troxevasin is known to many due to its wide spectrum of action. It ensures the restoration of microcirculation processes, reducing inflammation and fatigue. Once ingested, it has the following therapeutic effects:

1. 1. Increased elasticity of the vascular membranes.
2. 2. Elimination of the ongoing inflammatory process.
3. 3. Acceleration of transport of oxygen and nutrients to affected tissues.

The drug is also characterized by a high degree of tolerability, and therefore it can be used even during pregnancy with the approval of a doctor.

To summarize, we can say that angioprotectors are not intended for independent treatment. Only an experienced specialist will be able to select the optimal dosage and frequency of administration. We must take into account a large number of factors associated with individual intolerance to components and the current clinical picture.

Angioprotectors - drugs, used to treat diseases of the cardiovascular system in complex therapy .

Microcirculation correctors are also used for this task. Problems with the inflow and outflow of blood in small capillaries lead to tissue swelling, expansion of the vena cava, and weakening of the walls of blood vessels.

These medications dilate blood vessels, increase blood circulation in capillaries, relieve tissue swelling and improve metabolic processes in the walls of blood vessels. As a result, the veins do not stretch and become elastic.

Angioprotectors are used in the treatment of lesions of the coronary vessels, leg vessels, and vascular lesions in patients with diabetes.

Also, with the help of drugs in this group, congestive and inflammatory processes are treated - trophic ulcers and other similar disorders.

A number of vitamins strengthen blood vessels and capillaries - rutin, ascorbic acid, glucocorticoids and some others.

Classification of group drugs

Angioprotectors can be classified by origin into two groups:

1. Herbal preparations- medicines based on horse chestnut, grape seeds, vitamins and glucocorticoids.
2. Synthetic– obtained by chemical synthesis. Drugs that improve microcirculation in capillaries and relieve inflammation and swelling in tissues.

Mechanism of use

Angioprojectors are designed to improve the functioning of the heart and blood vessels. The permeability of small vessels and capillaries allows oxygen and nutrients to penetrate into tissues.

Tissues are intensively renewed, stagnation does not occur, venous nodes and inflammation are eliminated, the wall is strengthened vessels. These drugs prevent the formation of hyaluronidase and prostaglandins.

The mechanism of action of the drugs in this group has not yet been sufficiently studied.

Different drugs in this series act differently and have positive and negative sides.

For example, pentoxifylline dilates blood vessels, but also increases blood viscosity.

Main properties:

• increased metabolic rate in tissues and good microcirculation;
• act as antispasmodics, dilate blood vessels, increase the patency of small veins and capillaries;
• strengthening the walls of blood vessels and relieving tissue swelling;
• improving blood quality.

Indications for use of drugs

Main use cases:

1. Treatment of blood vessels in patients with diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, rheumatism. Vitamin angioprotectors reduce the synthesis of hyaluronidase, the formation of blood clots, and destroy bad cholesterol.
2. Treatment of vascular blockages. Agents are used that destroy blood clots and prevent cell adhesion. These medications also eliminate cholesterol plaques, which reduce the lumen of the vessel and prevent the full movement of blood.
3. Elimination of disturbances in the blood circulation of small capillaries. Drugs in this area eliminate the lack of oxygen in tissues and are used in the treatment of cerebral vessels. The drugs Mexidol and Hapoxen have a specific antioxidant effect.
4. Elimination of consequences cerebral circulation and ischemic heart disease.
5. Improving the functioning of the venous bed. Drugs are vasodilators.

Angioprotectors and microstimulation correctors are combined drugs that act on several damaging factors at once.

An example of such a drug is Indovazin, which combines indomethacin, a drug that relieves inflammation and.

Use in phlebology

If venous blood flow is impaired, the main goal of treatment is to eliminate the symptoms of the disease - pain, swelling, leg cramps, as well as to prevent complications in the form of ulcers and thrombophlebitis.

In addition, venous nodes and veins swell on the skin, blue spots and stars appear.

The drugs are prescribed for a course of treatment.

They improve blood flow and eliminate congestion in the veins.

• Rutoside strengthens the vessel wall and has a cooling, soothing effect;
• relieves swelling, strengthens capillaries, stimulates blood flow in them;
• made from horse chestnut seeds, it eliminates congestion in the veins and removes swelling;
• Endotelon – grape seed extract, strengthens vein walls.

Angioprotectors are used as components in therapy for diabetes and hemorrhoids.

They can only be prescribed by a doctor after research and consultation.

We offer - you choose!

Here are some examples of the main angioprotectors and the form in which a doctor can prescribe them.

Release forms of the most commonly used drugs:

1. Pentoxifylline Available in the form of tablets and injections. Injections are given in a supine position. Both tablets and injections are used 2 times a day. If there is a risk of hemorrhage, bleeding, pregnancy or heart attack, the medicine should not be used.
2. Pyricarbate in the form of tablets and ointments, they are used for severe skin lesions.
3. Rutoside – gel for the treatment of affected veins. Contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women.

Top 10 best drugs:

What you should remember and know

Angioprotectors play an important role in complex treatment a large group of diseases. These are diseases of the cardiovascular system, cerebral vessels, venous insufficiency.

They have antispasmodic activity, dilate blood vessels and capillaries, and increase their capacity. These drugs enhance metabolic processes in the blood and improve its quality.

Their spectrum of action is wide and varied. The active ingredients are of plant and synthetic origin. They act as medicines and vitamins.

They are used both in monotherapy and in complex treatment of diseases. The mechanism of action of angioprotectors and microcirculation correctors is different.

The forms of medicines depend on the method of their use. These are tablets, capsules for oral use. Absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract intestinal tract the drugs act through the blood, locally affecting the affected vessels from the inside.

Atherosclerotic plaques are eliminated, the walls of large and small veins are strengthened, and blood composition is normalized.

For effective results, external remedies are simultaneously used for varicose veins and open ulcers. These are ointments and gels. They have a local anesthetic effect, soothe and cool the affected vessels.

At serious illnesses angioprotectors are administered by injection.

According to the anatomical-therapeutic-chemical classification (ATC), the following groups of drugs belong to angioprotectors:

• means for local application used in the treatment of fissures in the anal area;
• medications used for varicose veins;
• means that reduce the permeability of the walls of the smallest vessels - capillaries.

Treatments for hemorrhoids include corticosteroids, antibiotics, local anesthetics, and drugs that relax the anal sphincter muscles. All of them are classified as angioprotectors conditionally, in connection with the area of ​​​​therapeutic effect.

Drugs used for varicose veins

When affecting the veins lower limbs, herbals are widely used preparations obtained from the leaves, fruits and bark of horse chestnut. These products contain biologically active compounds - escin, saponins, flavonoids and others. These substances reduce the permeability of the walls of capillaries and small veins for fluid, as a result of which the exudation (sweating) of water from the vessels into the tissue is suppressed. At the same time, swelling decreases and the strength of the vascular walls increases.
The most commonly prescribed drugs are:

• escin (aescin, venastat, venitan, concentrin, reparil, cycloven forte);
• aescusan (venoplant);
• esflazide.

These drugs are used for any form of chronic venous insufficiency (varicose veins of the lower extremities, pelvis, hemorrhoids), as well as for injuries of the extremities to reduce swelling. They are prescribed in the form of tablets, drops for oral administration, cream or gel for external use. There are also solutions for parenteral administration, prescribed primarily for the treatment of cerebral edema.

When taken orally, side effects may develop - feelings of fever, nausea or vomiting, allergic reactions. Skin irritation is possible when used topically.

Preparations based on horse chestnut are contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy, during breastfeeding, and also when renal failure. Please note that the drops contain ethanol, so they should be taken with caution.

Tribenoside(glivenol, tribenol) increases the tone of veins, normalizes microcirculation, reduces the permeability of the walls of small vessels. It is an antagonist of bradykinin and serotonin, which cause swelling and damage to the inner lining of blood vessels - the endothelium. This medicine is prescribed for venous congestion caused by varicose veins, phlebitis, and hemorrhoids. Side effects - nausea, abdominal pain, itching. The drug is not prescribed in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Drugs that reduce capillary permeability

Medicines from various pharmacological groups increase the strength of vascular walls: rutin and its derivatives, vitamin C, pentoxifylline, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Parmidine, etamsylate, calcium dobesylate, tribenoside, and troxevasin have an angioprotective effect.

Rutin(venoruton, rutoside and others) – drug plant origin, related to vitamin P compounds. It strengthens the walls of capillaries, inhibits the aggregation of blood elements, suppressing the process of thrombus formation. The drug is prescribed in the form of tablets and gel for external use for venous insufficiency, hemorrhoids, injuries and bruises.

Troxevasin(venoruton, troxerutin, paroven) is close in its action to rutin. It blocks hyaluronidase, strengthens the walls of blood vessels, and reduces their swelling. The drug is used for varicose veins veins, trophic ulcers, diabetic angiopathy, hemorrhagic diathesis. Troxevasin is often used in the form of a cream and gel for external use. The drug may cause allergic reactions. It is contraindicated for oral administration when peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, kidney failure.

Ascorbic acid(vitamin C) has a variety of biological effects. Its angioprotective properties are due to inhibition of the activity of a special enzyme - hyaluronidase, which increases the permeability of the vascular wall. Vitamin C is prescribed for hemorrhagic diathesis and bleeding, as well as for other conditions that require strengthening of capillaries. The drug may increase thrombus formation, so it should be used with caution in thrombophlebitis. Vitamin C can irritate the gastric mucosa and cause an increase in blood glucose levels. Therefore, it is not recommended to use it in patients with stomach diseases and diabetes.

Pentoxifylline protects blood vessels, improves microcirculation, suppresses thrombus formation. It is used for many diseases accompanied by impaired capillary and venous circulation. Pentoxifylline is prescribed for diseases of the brain, hearing aid, blood vessels of the extremities, venous insufficiency, and trophic ulcers. Side effects include headache, redness of the skin, dry mouth, dyspepsia, hematopoietic disorders, and allergic reactions. The drug is contraindicated in cases of hemorrhagic stroke, pregnancy and lactation. It is not prescribed for severe and significant arterial hypotension, gastric and duodenal ulcers, liver and kidney failure.

Parmidine(anginin, prodectin and others) suppresses the activity of bradykinin and platelet aggregation. As a result, microcirculation improves and the permeability of vascular walls decreases. Medicine is prescribed for angiopathy of any origin, including diabetic retinopathy. It helps with retinal vein thrombosis and trophic ulcers. In rare cases, the drug causes nausea and headache, as well as allergic reactions, and in some cases, an increase in transaminase levels. Parmidine is contraindicated in liver failure.

Etamzilat(dicinone) blocks the breakdown of mucopolysaccharides, a component of the vascular wall, and also accelerates the formation of blood clots, providing a hemostatic effect. It is used for bleeding, especially against the background of angiopathy and hemorrhagic diathesis. It also helps with retinal damage caused by diabetes mellitus, complicated by hemorrhages. Etamsylate may cause nausea, headache, redness of the skin, decreased blood pressure. The drug cannot be used for thrombosis.

Calcium dobesilate The mechanism of action is similar to etamsylate. It more effectively normalizes the condition of vascular walls, improves microcirculation and lymphatic drainage, and reduces platelet aggregation. The drug is prescribed for any conditions accompanied by microcirculation disorders: diabetic angiopathy, varicose veins, trophic ulcers, hemorrhagic syndrome. When using it, nausea, headache, and allergic reactions may develop. The medicine is contraindicated during pregnancy and bleeding caused by taking it.

Angioprotectors are pharmacological group medicinal drugs that are intended for the treatment of vascular pathologies and diseases of the heart organ.

These drugs are used:

• To improve the functionality of the vascular membranes;
• To improve blood microcirculation;
• To increase the rheological effects of blood;
• To normalize metabolism in cells and organ tissues.

The effect of angioprotectors on the body

Medicines of this pharmacological group have the following therapeutic effects:

• Relieves vascular spasms;
• They have the properties to expand the membranes of blood vessels;
• Antibradykinin property;
• Relieves swelling;
• Improve metabolism;
• Correct blood composition.

These drugs normalize the performance of blood flow, increase vascular tone, and also increase the speed of blood movement in the vascular bed.

Medicinal properties are manifested by angioprotectors after their interaction with:

• Endothelial cells;
• Leukocyte molecules;
• Molecules of myocytes.

Classification

Angioprotective drugs are divided into several areas:

• By form of origin (synthetic and natural plant);
• According to their composition of components (single drugs - this is troxerutin and several components in a combined drug - this is Detralex, the drug Indovazin).

Herbal natural preparations are much safer than their synthetic counterparts and cause fewer problems.

By pharmacological types and generations

The mechanism of action of angioprotectors on the body

The angioprotective effect allows you to normalize blood flow and improve the functionality of the blood flow system of the whole body, especially improve the movement of blood in the periphery.

These drugs have the properties of diluting blood plasma and reducing the effect on vascular resistance during the movement of blood through the arterial bed.

Therapeutic properties of angioprotectors:

• Suppress the synthesis of hyaluronidase;
• Has the functions of antagonists of prostaglandin molecules;
• Reduce aggregation of platelet molecules;
• Stimulate the production of mucopolysaccharide molecules in capillary membranes;
• Improves the permeability of arterial membranes;
• Reduce the clumping of platelet molecules in the blood plasma.

Indications for the use of angioprotectors

Angioprotectors are used in the treatment of such pathologies:

• For vascular pathologies caused by diabetes;
• For vascular pathologies caused by rheumatism;
• In case of atherosclerosis;
• Thrombosis disease;
• Disturbances in the blood supply to brain cells;
• Deviations in the functionality of the cerebral arteries;
• In case of blood flow disturbance coronary arteries, with coronary insufficiency;
• Varicose veins disease;
• Insufficiency of venous outflow;
• When capillaries are damaged;
• For diabetic type retinopathy;
• For neuropathy of the lower extremities;
• For myelopathy;
• With the pathology of microangiopathy;
• For the treatment of trophic ulcers on the legs.

Contraindications for use

Contraindications to the prescription of drugs of the pharmacological group angioprotectors may be:

• Intolerance by the body to some ingredients in the composition of the drugs;
• With inflammation in the digestive system;
• If the functioning of the stomach and intestines is impaired;
• Children who are under 16 years old;
• During the period of intrauterine gestation of a child. The use of drugs during pregnancy is prohibited, especially during the first or second trimester of fetal development;
• Breastfeeding a baby.

External drugs with angioprotective properties are not prescribed:

• If there are abrasions and wounds on the skin;
• For infections on the soft fibers of the skin;
• Allergy to components;
• For non-healing trophic ulcers that cannot be cured with medication.

The use of angioprotective agents is permitted only with the prescription of the attending doctor, who will prescribe an angiotropic therapy regimen and also calculate the correct dosage of the drugs.

Types

List of angioprotector groups most used in the treatment of diseases of the vascular system and pathologies in the bloodstream:

Who prescribes angioprotectors?

Angioprotectors are a pharmacological group of therapeutic agents that are aimed at restoring the functionality of the blood flow system, as well as strengthening the vascular membranes.

IN modern world vascular pathologies have become significantly younger, and now vascular and heart diseases are quite common among active young people.

Angioprotectors are prescribed by the following specialized specialists:

• Vascular surgeons prescribe this group for aortic disease, coronary vessel pathology, varicose veins, and obliterating atherosclerosis of the extremities, in order to reduce capillary permeability;
• The neurologist prescribes drugs with angioprotective effects to restore cerebral blood flow, as well as to prevent the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage (stroke) due to atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels;
• General practitioners prescribe drugs of this group for lung diseases and pulmonary artery insufficiency;
• Endocrinologists - to restore the vascular membranes during diabetes mellitus and in the pathology of diabetic angiopathy;
• Cardiologists prescribe angioprotectors for almost all pathologies of the cardiac organ, as well as for high blood pressure index, in the post-infarction period, and coronary insufficiency.

This group of drugs cannot completely restore the vascular wall, restoration occurs partially, and the properties of these drugs are an accelerated process of forming a bypass path of the affected vascular area.

This improves blood supply to organs, and tissue cells do not experience nutritional deficiency.

List of drugs that are taken externally and internally

Angioprotectors that are taken orally are available in the form of tablets. And also in the form of capsules and solutions for administration into a vein and into a muscle.

External preparations that have an antiprotective effect are available in the form of ointments for application to the skin and topical gels.

Angioprotectors of plant origin

Angioprotectors that are of plant natural origin are synthesized natural substances.

Herbal preparations include vitamin complexes, medicines based on ginkgo biloba extract, as well as horse chestnut compounds.

Herbal preparations of natural origin:

• Coumarin product;
• The drug Diosmin;
• Medicine Aescusan;
• Medicine Esflazid;
• Aescin ointment.

Preparations based on herbal components are widely used for varicose veins.

These natural preparations contain biological compounds- These are escins, as well as saponins. The composition also includes flavonoids.

These are means that reduce and reduce the permeability of capillary membranes, as well as small-diameter veins, for fluid to enter them. This action helps reduce swelling in the limbs and relieves leg fatigue.

Side effects of angioprotectors

Side effects angioprotectors:

• Headache;
• Dizziness may be so severe that it provokes nausea and vomiting;
• Fatigue of the body;
• General malaise;
• Discomfort in the stomach;
• Vomiting from the body;
• Severe diarrhea;
• A sharp decrease in blood pressure index, which provoked hypotension;
• Increased heart rate - tachycardia;
• Disturbance of rhythm in the work of the heart muscle - arrhythmia;
• Phlebitis at the injection site;
• Increased sweat production by the body;
• Pathology hyperthermia;
• Allergy to components;
• Development of bone hyperostosis - when taken for a long time.

Side effects when used in newborns:

• Pathology hyperthermia;
• A strong decrease in blood pressure—hypotension;
• Severe diarrhea;
• Rapid heartbeat - tachycardia;
• Slow heartbeat - bradycardia;
• Violated heartbeat- arrhythmia of the cardiac organ;
• Muscle tissue spasms;
• Labored breathing;
• DIC syndrome develops.

Also side effects may occur when medications are taken incorrectly, or taken in the wrong dosage, which could cause a large accumulation active substance in the body and intoxication occurred.

In case of overdose, it is necessary to rinse the stomach and take sorbents. Also monitor the intake of fluids in the body to maintain water balance and prevent dehydration. And immediately contact your doctor.

Conclusion

Patients who have pathologies of the heart organ, as well as diseases of the vascular system, should remember that medications from the angioprotector group are not intended for self-medication.

The correct dosage of the drug is selected only by a specialized specialist, who is based on a diagnostic study of the pathology and on individual characteristics the patient's body.

Every patient, after being prescribed treatment with angioprotectors, asks questions about what it is and what effect the drugs have. This group of medications has a beneficial effect on vascular system and normalizes blood flow.

What are these drugs?

Angioprotectors are medications that are used in the treatment of the heart and blood vessels; microcirculation correctors are often used together with them.

They are considered necessary for disturbances in the outflow and inflow of blood in small vessels, decreased wall tone, and swelling. Angioprotectors help improve blood flow, expand the lumens of blood vessels, strengthen their walls and normalize metabolic processes.

What effect do they have?

Action medications this group is aimed at:

• Normalization of the permeability of vascular walls.
• Elimination of inflammatory reaction factors.
• Reduced production of hyaluronic acid.
• Normalization of the structural composition of blood.
• Decrease in blood viscosity coefficient.
• Reducing the risk of blood clots.

Angioprotectors are drugs that have a wide range of effects on vascular diseases. The group includes many drugs for internal and external use.

Principle of operation

The mechanism of action of drugs from the group of angioprotectors is not fully understood. It is clear that due to the activation of circulation in small vessels, the composition of the blood improves. This in turn leads to the elimination of edema, normalizes metabolism and increases vascular tone.

This group of drugs contains medicines, which have different effects:

• They slow down the synthesis of hyaluronidase (enzyme) or block the activity of its secondary products.
• Eliminate stagnant processes.
• They dilate blood vessels, which lowers blood pressure.
• They weaken the effect of prostaglandins (these are bioactive substances).
• Eliminate platelet aggregation.
• Promote the formation of mucopolysaccharides, which leads to increased permeability of the capillary wall.
• Eliminates the adhesion of blood cells to the walls of capillaries.
• Eliminate signs of endothelial dysfunction - constant and progressive damage to the inner layer of vascular cells (endothelium).
• Reduce oxidative stress - the process of cell damage as a result of oxidation.
• Remove inflammatory processes.

Classification

In medicine, the use of angioprotectors and correctors of blood circulation in capillaries is practiced; there are about 150 types of them. All of these medications are included in one subgroup of medications for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

The most commonly used classification is one that divides them into two categories.

Single drugs

• Natural preparations of plant origin.
• Semi-synthetic drugs.
• Synthetic medicines.

Combined medications.

The composition includes numerous components:

• Components that are based on the content of one or more identical active substances that are interchangeable in their effects on the body. Diosmin, hesperidin - active ingredients. Preparations of the micronized purified fraction of flavonoids are considered the most effective in various degrees vascular diseases.
• Substances that contain flavonoids from grape leaves. Production with aqueous extract allows the drug to be well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins are powerful antioxidants that remove harmful oxygen free radicals from cells, contained in grape seed extract.
• General group of triterpene acids.
• Ruscus extract.
• Ginkgo extract.

TO combination drugs include Detralex, Venodiol, Antistax, Indovazin and others.

Differing in their mechanism of action, these drugs are used at various stages of venous diseases. The most studied angioprotectors are medications from the MOFF group. They show a high clinical effect during the treatment of all types and stages of pathological processes of the veins.

Release form

Judging by the formal classification, the group of angioprotective drugs is divided into drugs that are produced in the form of tablets for oral administration, as well as suppositories, creams, gels, and ointments for topical use.

To improve the effect during treatment, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial elements are added to medications.

Indications

Angioprotectors are used for:

1. Treatment of varicose veins.
2. Elimination of signs of venous insufficiency.
3. The need to reduce capillary permeability, which has a beneficial effect on the treatment of pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
4. Complex therapy for diseases of the rectum (hemorrhoids, lumps, anal fissures).

The following series of indications for use are also highlighted:

• Need for effective elimination pathological processes that occur in blood vessels. More often they appear in diabetes mellitus and rheumatological pathologies.
• Internal medications are prescribed when atherosclerotic plaques are identified that block capillaries, impairing blood supply. This leads to an increase in blood viscosity, which is unacceptable.
• Elimination of signs that arose due to circulatory disorders in the brain, ischemia.

List of effective drugs

Medications that have an angioprotective effect are divided by origin into herbal preparations and synthesized, which are produced through chemical reactions.

The first include products with horse chestnut extract, vitamin complexes, and glucocorticoids. The second group includes synthetic substances that help improve microcirculation and block inflammatory reactions.

Angioprotectors, list of medications:

• Venotonic drugs (Troxevasin).
• Regulating drugs for small vessels.
• Vasodilators (Tivomax).
• Anticoagulants that eliminate increased blood clotting.
• Suppresses the adhesion of blood cells and the formation of blood clots (Clopidogrel).
• Medicines that improve metabolism.

Release form: tablets and capsules.

Protects blood vessels and increases their tone. The tablets improve microcirculation in capillaries and block inflammatory reactions.

After regular use, there is a decrease in pain, swelling, heaviness in the limbs, and an improvement in physical and emotional state. Prescription during pregnancy is not excluded.

Askorutin

Helps eliminate the lack of vitamins C, P, strengthens the walls of blood vessels, reduces their permeability, and normalizes the level of immunity.

Aescusan

Tones vascular walls, eliminates swelling. Horse chestnut extract normalizes the adrenal cortex for the production of hormones, eliminates vascular fragility and activates metabolic processes in the body's tissues.

Phlebodia

Increases capillary resistance, eliminates inflammatory reactions, normalizes blood flow. It is often prescribed in the complex therapy of hemorrhoids and venous insufficiency.

Venoruton

Restores vascular walls, eliminates inflammation, normalizes blood counts, improves the structure of red blood cells. Used for hemorrhoids, varicose veins, trophic ulcers.

Troxevasin

The drug is made on the basis of plant components, eliminates inflammation, swelling, and restores vascular permeability.

Hepatrombin

It has a decongestant, anticoagulant, regenerating effect, and prevents the formation of blood clots. It is often used in the treatment of hemorrhoids, as it effectively eliminates blood stagnation and also helps reduce pain and itching.

Lyoton

Effectively fights the occurrence of edema. It comes in the form of a gel that is easily absorbed into the skin, therefore giving quick results in eliminating swelling and pain in the extremities. Removes inflammatory processes, promotes the resorption of blood clots.

Essaven-gel

Used for inflammatory reactions, varicose veins, swelling.

The list of drugs is quite large, but self-medication is highly undesirable, since only a specialist can select the best remedy in each individual case.

Angioprotectors can be prescribed by phlebologists, cardiologists, and angiosurgeons. Medicines in tablets and injections are usually used 2 times a day.

Contraindications

There is a list of contraindications even for the latest generation drugs:

• Individual intolerance to components.
• Diseases of the stomach and intestines.
• Age up to 18 years.
• Certain medications are not recommended for use in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy and during lactation.

• Presence of wounds, burns.
• Infectious diseases skin.
• Allergic processes on the effects of medications in this group.
• Trophic ulcers during therapy.

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to study the instructions for use of the selected product for purposes and contraindications for use.