Why is my cat bleeding from his nose? Bleeding from the nose in a cat: symptoms, causes, treatment

There are such types of hemorrhages:

acute;
permanent;
one-sided;
bilateral.

The reasons

Why does my cat have nosebleeds? The following reasons:

Injuries.
Foreign object entry.
Neoplasm development.
Hypertension.
Diseases of the oral cavity.
Pulmonary bleeding.
Systemic blood diseases.
Side effects of medications.
Poisoning.
Viral infection.
Heatstroke.

Injuries

They arise as a result of fights with cats, attacks by dogs, beatings, falls, accidents. In such a situation, pay attention to the intensity of hemorrhage. Blood dripping most often goes away on its own, and when blood flows out in a trickle, cold is applied and the victim is taken to the clinic.

Entry of a foreign object

Cats are curious creatures, the awn of a prickly plant, a speck of dust, a grain can get into the nostril. The foreign body irritates the nasal mucosa, the animal tries to remove it and is injured. If the felinologist's attempts to help the pet do not lead to success, the animal is taken to the clinic.

Neoplasm development

Tumors form in older cats. The pathological process develops gradually, the muzzle becomes asymmetrical. The tip of the nose becomes unnatural in color. Conjunctivitis occurs, the eye spheres may be of unequal size.

Hypertonic disease

Growth blood pressure indicates cardiac or renal pathologies. The cause of bleeding is the rupture of the capillary walls.

Diseases of the oral cavity

When eating excessively soft food, plaque forms on the cat's teeth, which eventually turns into dentolitis. Infection occurs, purulent fusion of tooth tissues occurs. The process extends to the nasal sinus. From the destroyed tissues, blood is released, which flows from the cat's nose.

Pulmonary bleeding

Occur as a result of an injury of pneumonia, the formation and melting of a neoplasm. Blood is released drop by drop, but it is difficult to stop.

Systemic blood diseases

The processes of blood coagulation are disturbed. Pathology occurs due to increased destruction or reduced formation of platelets. In addition to bleeding, there is an exit of blood from the vessels. Reddish spots are formed, visible on hairless surfaces - gums, insides auricle.

Side effects of medications

Nonsteroidal antiphlogistics thin the blood. She seeps through vascular walls. The nasal mucosa is rich in capillaries. There is bleeding.

Poisoning

When carrying out deratization, rodents use poisoned bait containing an anticoagulant. In mice, blood clotting is impaired. Weakened rodents become easy prey for cats. The trouble is that the sensitivity of a pet to a poisonous substance is higher than that of mice. Therefore, for a cat that has eaten a rodent, the concentration of the toxin is sufficient for poisoning. In addition to bleeding from the nose, profuse salivation is observed.

Viral infection

Viral leukemia leads to impaired blood clotting. Neoplasms are prone to metastasis. The destruction of the tumor in the nose leads to violations of the integrity of the vessels from which blood flows.

Heatstroke

Cats are intolerant high temperature combined with sun exposure. As a result, the capillaries are damaged, and blood drips.

Reasons for visiting the clinic

The pet needs veterinary help if, in addition to bleeding, the following additional symptoms are found:

flux;
dental diseases;
black, spotty feces. Blood is swallowed;
smells bad from the nose and mouth;
breathing is difficult;
the cat refuses to eat;
she is depressed, does not get up.

Diagnostics

Importance has a history. The veterinarian needs to find out the cause of the hemorrhage. With unilateral bleeding, mechanical damage or a tumor process is suspected. If leakage is observed from both nostrils, the following are among the likely preliminary diagnoses:

poisoning with anticoagulants - the cat ate the mouse during the deratization;
side effects of medications;
infection.

The doctor prescribes, at his discretion, the following studies from the following:

standard blood test, as well as urine;
identification of pathogens through serological tests;
superficial rhinoscopy;
nose x-ray, chest;
endoscopic examination of the nasal passages.

Treatment

First aid is that the cat is given a sedative and a cold compress is applied to the nose. You can’t panic, because the condition of the felinologist is transmitted to the cat, he rushes about, the bleeding intensifies.

The treatment is to stop the hemorrhage with the use of cold, vasoconstrictor medications. If symptoms of an infectious disease are detected, antimicrobial agents are prescribed. In difficult situations, surgical operation.

Conclusion

If nasal bleeding is detected, it is necessary to calm down yourself and give a sedative to the pet. Make a cold compress. In most cases, this is enough to solve the problem. If these methods do not work, contact your veterinarian.

When a cat sneezes, it is just as natural as it is for humans. This happens if dust gets into the nasal opening or a small midge irritates the mucous membrane and the cat sneezes to get rid of this object. The reasons why a cat sneezes with blood can be different: from an advanced stage of leukemia to a fungal infection and even cancer.

If the cat sneezes and has bloody discharge from the nose

First of all, if you find red discharge from the nose, when the pet sneezes, you should not panic. Sometimes this happens if the capillaries in the nose of the animal are too close to the surface. And then, when excited, the pet may bleed from the nose.

After the end of the bleeding, it is worth rinsing the nose with warm water and wiping it with a towel, clearing the nasal passages.

If bleeding does not stop when sneezing with blood, then there is the possibility of helping the animal by placing a cold object on its back - this will serve as a signal to the capillaries, and they will narrow. As a result, the bleeding should stop.

If all these procedures did not help the animal that is sneezing, you should seek help from a veterinarian.

What to do if a pet sneezes and bleeds

If the cat constantly sneezes blood, this is the case when you should immediately contact the veterinary clinic for examination and treatment of the cat. After all, only a doctor can make a correct diagnosis if a cat has snot and sneezing. Causes of sneezing with blood are caused by various diseases:

Damage to the nasal passages by foreign objects;
Injury;
problems with teeth;
Oncology;
Hypertension;
Poor blood clotting;
fungal infection.

If, when sniffing an object in nasal cavity a midge or other foreign body has got in, then the animal tries to get rid of it with the help of sneezing and coughing.

Therefore, if a snot with blood is found in a cat, it is necessary:

Contact your nearest veterinarian immediately. Even if there is a foreign object, then in the presence of red discharge in the nozzle when the animal sneezes, this symptom means that it strongly irritates the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. The cat sneezes and she bleeds, she herself can no longer get rid of the object, and her nose should be washed in the clinic with special disinfectants;
Before contacting, it is worth observing the pet and how it sneezes in order to accurately describe to the veterinarian how the animal is sick;
The diagnosis will be made only by a doctor; you cannot rely on yourself and neighbors who do not have a medical education;
It is impossible to use medicines without visiting a doctor, as it is possible to destroy the pet's kidneys, which are not restored;
If the foreign body is not found, the clinic should be tested for the presence of cancer.

Also, the doctor must, with the consent of the owner of the pet, in addition to general analysis make a blood test for biochemistry, measure the temperature and pressure of the cat, x-ray the chest and nasal passages, examine the oral cavity and teeth.

All these analyzes and studies are done for a reason, but in order to determine exactly what the pet is suffering from, since he himself cannot tell us anything. And perhaps all this will save his life, because a correct diagnosis will help prescribe the right treatment for the pet.

Prevention

Of course, the cat must have all vaccinations against various ticks and other harmful insects. Since, walking along the street and sniffing everything, you can often pick up not only fleas. From time to time it is worth examining the animal's teeth, since with a disease of the teeth it suffers, and the nasal cavity, and as a result, blood can also be released from the nasal passages.

Vaccinations against:

Rabies.
Feline leukemia.
Against various respiratory tract infections.

All these vaccinations are done when the kitten is six months old.

VETERINARY CONSULTATION REQUIRED. INFORMATION FOR INFORMATION ONLY. Administration

Nosebleeds may be a sign serious illnesses, including injuries, and is manifested by the appearance of drops of blood when sneezing or the constant release of drops or trickle of blood from one or both nostrils.
What to do if you suspect or find a nosebleed in your pet?

First aid
Let's say you're at home and your cat is bleeding and won't stop.

Try to calm the animal. In a state of excitement in cats, as in humans, blood pressure rises, which contributes to increased bleeding. Do not give your pet any sedatives without consulting a veterinarian.
Ask family members to keep quiet and calm, as nervous excitement is transferred from the owners to the animals. Again, recall the chain: arousal - increase blood pressure- bleeding from the nose.
Place an ice pack on the back of the cat's nose. Make sure it doesn't interfere with breathing. The cold constricts the blood vessels, which reduces bleeding.
If, after the measures taken, the bleeding has not stopped or the animal has breathing problems, immediately contact a veterinary clinic or call an ambulance veterinary help.

While waiting for the doctor or on the way to the clinic
be calm, concentrate and remember some details that will have great importance to make a diagnosis.

make a list medicines that you are currently giving to your cat.
Is there rat poison in your house or apartment, or maybe the cat could have eaten poisoned rodents?
Carefully inspect the face of the animal. You may find asymmetry or deformity, swelling of the bridge of the nose, a change in the integrity or color of the skin on the bridge of the nose, a protruding and reddened third eyelid, an unequal size eyeballs, lacrimation. Pay attention to the doctor.
Did the cat play too active games with another animal? Did she walk without your supervision? Maybe there was a fight?
Was there any contact with plants that have hard awns? For example, such as wheat or rye.
Does the animal sneeze? Do you rub your nose with your paws?
Open the animal's mouth as wide as possible, examine the gums and lips. Is there blood in oral cavity? Do you notice dryness and marbled coloration of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and conjunctiva? This may indicate a large loss of blood, you may need urgent hospitalization. Pay the attention of the clinic reception staff to this, the doctor must accept such a patient without a queue.
Are there signs of bleeding from internal organs? Intestinal bleeding may be accompanied by black soiled stools. A sign of stomach bleeding is vomiting blood. Attention! If these signs appear after a nosebleed, then this may be due to nosebleeds, as the cat swallows a significant amount of blood.
Are there any hemorrhages on the skin, swelling on the body (may be subcutaneous bleeding)?

This information must be passed to the doctor during the examination.
In addition to a general clinical examination, the following diagnostic tests may be required to make a diagnosis.

Blood and urine tests
Clinical blood tests (with a mandatory platelet count) and urine tests are needed to evaluate general condition health and blood loss biochemical research blood to assess the work of internal organs. As a rule, a study of the blood coagulation system is carried out (the rate of blood clotting and coagulogram are assessed).
Identified deviations from the norm may indicate a violation of blood clotting:

by reducing the number of platelets in the blood (for example, with autoimmune thrombocytopenia, feline viral leukemia, feline immunodeficiency virus, side effect some drugs for chemotherapy, hemangiosarcoma and other tumors)
because of pathological changes blood coagulation systems (for example, with hemolytic poisoning, DIC, liver failure, von Willebrand disease and true hemophilia).

If the results laboratory research normal, then the problem probably lies in the nasal cavity itself. But before examining the nasal passages, you should:

exclude conditions accompanied by pulmonary bleeding - lung tumor, pulmonary edema, lung tissue injury. For this, they carry out chest x-ray.
exclude arterial hypertension, since with an increase in blood pressure, small capillaries of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity are torn, which leads to bleeding. For this, the cat's blood pressure is measured.

If everything is in order with the lungs, proceed to x-ray examination of the nose, superficial rhinoscopy and examination of the teeth, all of these procedures require general anesthesia.
Start with x-rays, as other methods can injure tissue. Radiography allows you to assess the condition of the roots of the teeth and sinuses. In the case of a nasal tumor, an area of bone destruction may be visible on the x-ray.
During superficial rhinoscopy, the nasal cavity is examined and foreign objects that caused bleeding are removed from it.
When examining the oral cavity, teeth are cleaned, paying attention to Special attention on the roots, since the abscess of the root of the tooth often affects the cavity of the nasal sinus.

What's next
If using standard research methods it is not possible to make a diagnosis, a deep endoscopic examination of the nasal passages is performed. During the study, a tissue biopsy is taken, but only if indicated, since there is a risk of increased bleeding. In addition, for some reasons it can be difficult to obtain an informative tissue sample:

the growth of nasal tumors is often accompanied by severe inflammation, which masks the oncological process
in conditions of bleeding, it is difficult to select a tissue site for puncture.

The detection of a tumor of the facial part of the skull as a result of an X-ray examination is an absolute indication for a biopsy, since the prognosis of the disease largely depends on the type of tumor.

In conclusion
it must be said that sometimes areas of bleeding are available for examination only surgical method. This procedure is the most traumatic, accompanied by severe bleeding, so it is resorted to only in exceptional cases to remove a hard-to-reach foreign object or take a tissue sample.

Any bleeding in a pet causes strong emotions of the owners: from anxiety to panic. Nothing human is alien to cats, and therefore they are prone to nosebleeds. less people. Sometimes this is a single manifestation of some temporary disturbance, sometimes it is a signal of a serious illness.

Let's see why a cat bleeds from the nose when sneezing, and how you can help her.

Types and causes of nosebleeds

Nosebleeds can come from an animal with different intensity. The more blood is released, the more dangerous the condition can be and the faster you need to provide first aid. Bleeding can be different and manifest itself with the following symptoms:

the appearance of mucus with streaks of blood when sneezing (indicates a strong inflammatory process and fragility of the capillaries of the mucous membrane);
the appearance of droplets of scarlet blood during sneezing;
constant discharge of drops of blood from the nose;
trickle of blood from one or both nostrils.

Liquid entering the nose always provokes sneezing, so any nosebleed will cause the animal to sneeze.

The reasons why a cat sneezes with blood often lie in common problems in the body:

blood clotting disorders: a decrease in platelet levels (including autoimmune processes, feline viral immunodeficiency) or a violation of the coagulation system (for example, rat poisoning or liver failure);
a strong increase in blood pressure (cats can suffer from hypertension as well as people).

These conditions are characterized by moderate to severe epistaxis and are ruled out primarily by clinical and biochemical analysis blood and blood pressure measurements. To make a diagnosis and to rule out pulmonary hemorrhage, doctors may suggest doing an x-ray of the chest, as well as the head of the animal, and rhinoscopy.

Very often, the cause is trauma to the muzzle. If the cat's nose and muzzle look asymmetrical, there is swelling of some area - this may indicate a skull fracture or severe inflammation.

A foreign body can get into the nose - some plants with hard awns, such as rye and wheat, are of particular danger. If the cat walked around the field, it can be assumed that one of these awns penetrated the nasal passages - this is easily detected by the doctor during rhinoscopy.

Tumors can develop throughout the respiratory tract, the existence of which the host may not suspect. The destruction of such a formation or its injury can cause severe bleeding due to the good blood supply to the neoplasms.

One of the symptoms of development chronic inflammation in the sinuses of the nose is a unilateral secretion of mucus mixed with blood.

First aid for a cat with a nosebleed

The release of drops, and even more so a trickle of blood, can seriously frighten the owner. What should I do if my cat has a nosebleed? First of all, postpone the panic. The anxiety of the owner can excite the pet, and this will lead to an increase in pressure and, as a result, to increased bleeding.

Try to calm down: now the health of your beloved animal depends on your composure. Provide your pet with peace and quiet.

With the development of moderate and severe nosebleeds, it is better to adhere to the following algorithm of actions:

Apply something cold to the back of your nose, such as an ice pack or something from the freezer wrapped in cloth. This must be done in such a way as not to prevent the animal from breathing freely.
Find out where the nearest rhinoscope-equipped veterinary clinic. If there is none nearby, then go to any other or call a veterinarian at home.
While waiting for the doctor's examination, if possible, carefully examine the animal yourself - its muzzle and mouth. Remember what medicines you gave the cat, whether there was access to the street, etc. If the animal feels unwell, has pale mucous membranes and rapid breathing, and bleeding continues, then you can be admitted to the clinic without waiting in line.

If there is no available veterinary care, then it is necessary to hold the cold until the bleeding subsides. You can gently wash your nose with aminocaproic acid - this is a hemostatic agent sold in a regular pharmacy. We talked in detail about the technique of washing the nose in cats in the article “What to do at home if a cat sneezes?” .

Unfortunately, it is impossible to determine the exact causes at home - only a specialist can do this.

How are nosebleeds treated?

Of course, veterinarians treat the disease that caused this unpleasant symptom. Antibiotics and other drugs are given to animals for infections, pressure decreases for hypertension, and toxins are removed in case of poisoning.

If tumors are found during the study, doctors take their pieces for analysis - they do a biopsy. Only after that it is possible to assess the possibility of carrying out operations to remove these neoplasms. Complex injuries and deep penetration foreign bodies are treated surgically.

In addition to eliminating the cause, symptomatic treatment is also prescribed, which reduces the likelihood of bleeding. To do this, the animal is given injections of substances that promote blood clotting (drugs such as Dicinon and Vikasol are most often used).

We have covered in detail the information that the owner needs to know about the discharge of blood from the nose in cats. We hope that knowledge and confidence in your actions will help you, if necessary, provide first aid to your cat.

A person knows how unpleasant nosebleeds are, but they can still take some measures right away. But what to do if there is blood from the nose of a cat? You can’t explain to her that you need to stay with your head up for some time, and you can’t put ice on the back of your head. And yet, where does such an unpleasant symptom come from? It is not a fact that the animal just got injured, this can also indicate serious disorders in its body.

Causes of nosebleeds

The nose of an animal has a mucous membrane that contains blood vessels and nerve endings. Most often, bleeding is caused by damage to blood vessels as a result of mechanical trauma, or an inflammatory process in the nasal cavity.

There are many causes of nosebleeds in cats.

But besides this, there may be other reasons:

Nose injury. Injury with a sharp object (thorny plant, needle), a fight with cats or dogs. Also, bleeding can be after a fall, bruise, fracture, or as a result of an accident.
Alien item. Nosebleeds can cause a grain, bead, piece of branch to enter the nasal passage.
Neoplasm in the nasal cavity. Tumors in the nose of cats and cats occur mainly in adulthood. It can be recognized by the asymmetry and deformity of the nose. In addition, there may be swelling of the affected side, different sizes of the eyeballs, tearing, etc.
dental infection. Often, bleeding is caused by the presence of infectious diseases of the teeth, because with an abscess, the root of the diseased tooth touches the nasal sinus. Inflammatory process causes dryness and bleeding of the nasal cavity.
Increased blood pressure. Hypertension leads to microruptures of the mucosal capillaries, which in turn provoke nosebleeds.
Poor blood clotting. Platelets are responsible for the formation of blood clots, as well as stopping bleeding. If they are not enough, the blood becomes liquid, which causes nosebleeds.

There are many diseases associated with poor clotting. With such pathologies, other symptoms are also observed, such as red spots located on the gums or ears, fatigue, drowsiness, pallor of the gums.

A cat's nose may bleed due to an injury or infection.

Severe nosebleeds can be caused by poisoning with certain substances, such as warfarin, or substances that cause hemolysis.

Here are other causes of nosebleeds:

There is no cause for concern if the nosebleed was caused by a minor injury and quickly stopped. But if the bleeding is frequent and repeated again and again, besides there are other symptoms, a mandatory consultation with the doctor is necessary.

In case of severe bleeding, the cat should be shown to the veterinarian.

What are bleeding in a cat: their symptoms

Nosebleeds in cats are divided into two types: acute or chronic. If the first occurs abruptly and without any symptoms, then in the second case it is systematic, manifesting itself from time to time.

In addition, bleeding can be unilateral and bilateral. For a correct diagnosis, it is important to know whether the blood comes from one nostril or from two at once. Basically, unilateral bleeding means the presence of a foreign object in the nose, a neoplasm or injury. Bilateral signals the presence of a disease of an infectious origin.

In some cases it is necessary urgent help specialist.

Signs and symptoms that accompany bleeding in serious diseases:

when sneezing, blood splashes from the nose like from a spray bottle;
there is swelling in the form of a flux or periodontal disease;
in difficult situations, not all the blood comes out, but the main part is swallowed, in which case the feces can be black, and also viscous;
a metallic smell comes from the mouth:
difficult and also noisy breathing;
loss of appetite or its decrease.

First aid for nosebleeds

If you notice a nosebleed in an animal, you should not panic, first of all you need to calm down and examine the pet in order to understand how serious everything is. The animal should not be nervous, so as not to increase the pressure, which can aggravate the situation.

When bleeding from the nose, ice should be applied to it.

If the bleeding is quite severe, it is necessary to apply ice to the nose, then rinse it and pat it dry with paper towels. If these manipulations did not help and the bleeding did not stop, or additional symptoms appeared, you need to immediately consult a doctor.

Nosebleed Diagnosis

First of all, the pet owner should tell the doctor:

whether the animal is currently taking any medications;
whether there is rat poison in the apartment, and whether the animal could have consumed a poisoned mouse or rat;
whether the cat herself walked on the street without an owner and whether she could contact other cats;
whether the animal fell, whether it hit sharp corners;
whether the cat sneezes and scratches its nose with its paws;
bleeding unilateral or bilateral;
whether there are problems with the teeth, and whether there is blood in the oral cavity;
whether he has rapid breathing;
whether there is asymmetry of the muzzle or its deformation;
is not .

To make an accurate diagnosis, the veterinarian will conduct a comprehensive examination of the pet, the diagnosis will be carried out by:

general clinical analysis blood;
blood clotting test;
urinalysis;
biopsy, cytology;
nose x-ray;
general examination of the nasal and oral cavities, as well as the throat;
carrying out tests for the presence of diseases caused by fungi;
testing for the presence of infectious diseases transmitted by ticks;
computed tomography;
pressure measurements.

The veterinarian conducts several studies that will allow you to find out why the nose is bleeding.

Depending on the complexity of the symptoms present, the doctor will determine which diagnostic method the animal will need. After that, he will prescribe the appropriate treatment that will help stop the bleeding and remove the causes that provoked it.

Treatment and care of a cat

Treatment begins with stopping bleeding by any means. In addition, the cat is given sedatives, as it may become frightened and damage the nose more, which will cause more bleeding. How to stop the blood and remove its original cause, the veterinarian will tell you during an internal examination.

What is the main assistance to the animal:

First you need to apply a compress with ice;
to narrow the peripheral vessels and stop nosebleeds, you can use adrenaline;
if the cat does not even allow itself to be examined, the doctor may resort to anesthesia;
in severe cases, the animal may need surgery under general anesthesia.

If bleeding occurs during infectious disease You may need to take antibiotics or other antimicrobials. When blood flows due to diseases in the mouth or as a result of neoplasms in the nose, surgery may be needed. Although in some cases you can do with only chemotherapy.

The root cause of a nosebleed should be treated by a veterinarian.

About preventive measures, we can say that it is enough just to follow the timely vaccination, and add a sufficient amount of vitamins to the diet. In addition, every three months it is necessary to take the pet to the doctor for preventive purposes so that he can identify the pathology in time, life threatening animal.