Clinical examination born in 1951. How to get screened

Since 2013, Russia has been running a large-scale program of periodic medical examinations for the population over 21 years old. In 2019, the next stage of this program will take place, in which millions of Russians will take part. The main goal of universal medical examination is early detection health problems and chronic diseases at the beginning of their development.

Such constant monitoring helps to reduce possible risks and significantly reduce the mortality rate, especially at a young age. A side effect of such mass monitoring is the discovery of the most common health problems in different age groups and the collection of statistics based on the data obtained.

Doctors have established that the occurrence of various health pathologies and exacerbation chronic diseases specific to certain age groups. If you go through medical examinations and take tests in critical years, you can identify emerging pathogenic processes in time and start treatment, preventing serious problems and death.

Similar practice scheduled examination exists in many countries of the world, and in Russian Federation it began to take root in the days of the USSR. In 1968, the World Health Organization developed special rules for screening (mass examination), which are still in effect today. The main ones are availability, frequency and necessary treatment.

Every three years, you need to spend several days visiting specialized specialists to make sure that there are no significant malfunctions. internal organs or in time to begin treatment of newly identified. The procedure is not compulsory for all groups of the adult population, therefore, until now, many do not know anything about this treatment and preventive measure and do not undergo it on time.

The years of birth that fall under the planned medical examination in 2019 are shown in the table below.

All individuals over the age of 18 are considered adults and from that age onwards can be screened every three years. This time interval is optimal for monitoring general condition human health. On the early stages many serious diseases are asymptomatic and it is impossible to identify them independently by a change in well-being. But if you are examined for the purpose of prevention, then the results of analyzes and other studies will indicate in time the foci of emerging problems.

Thanks to a thoughtful approach to clinical examination, it is possible to detect such dangerous ailments as diabetes, oncological processes, and pathologies in the initial phases. of cardio-vascular system, respiratory tract, circulatory disorders, brain activity and many others.

In addition, every 2 years you can take a preventive examination, which is an abbreviated screening program. Veterans of the Great Patriotic War and children are examined annually.

Statistics recent years showed that clinical examination already brings a positive effect - early mortality and the number of people receiving disability as a result of general diseases have decreased.

Caring for the health of citizens is a priority for the development of the Russian state, so the population should be conscious and not refuse timely visits to medical institutions.

What years of birth fall under the medical examination in 2019

As we found out just above, for adults, the screening procedure is carried out every three years starting from the age of 21. Thus, people of the following years of birth fall under the medical examination of 2019:

1998
1995
1992
1989
1986
1983
1980s
1977
1974
1971
1968
1965
1962
1959
1956
1953
1950s
1947
1944
1941
1938
1935
1932
1929
1926
1923
1920s
1917, etc.

Medical examination is a voluntary procedure. If you don't want to go through it, that's your right. However, it makes sense to take the opportunity and check your health by passing the main types of tests and passing the examination at the clinic.

If your year of birth is not on the list, you can still undergo medical examination in 2019. True, most likely, the examination will not be carried out as deeply as it is done for those whose health is checked according to the plan.

What is included in the dispensary

What other most important studies, including expensive ones, can be done free of charge as part of a clinical examination at next year:

- duplex scanning of the brachycephalic arteries: this is an expensive study of the main arteries through which our brain is supplied with blood. Such an examination is prescribed for men over 45 years old and women over 55 years old if they have three risk factors at the same time: high blood pressure(140/90 mm Hg and above), cholesterol (above 5 mmol / l) and overweight (it is determined by the doctor upon examination by measuring height, weight and waist circumference);

- electrocardiography: is prescribed for men over 35 years old, women 45 years old and older at each medical examination, and for ladies under 45 years old and men under 35 - at the first medical examination;

- smear from the surface of the cervix - for women from 30 to 60 years old: this important study allows you to detect a precancerous condition of the cervix and save a woman by avoiding removal of the uterus;

- colonoscopy - examination of the intestine, is prescribed for suspected colorectal cancer. As a rule, if there is a hereditary predisposition and / or occult blood is found in stool tests.

The All-Russian program of medical examination of the adult population was developed with the aim of systematic monitoring of the health status of citizens. Within the framework of the program, everyone has the right to undergo a free medical examination and receive recommendations from qualified specialists, as well as a conclusion on the presence of chronic diseases and the existing risks of developing pathologies. So, medical examination: what is included in the survey, who can get free consultations in 2017, what documents do you need to have with you and how long will the activities take?

What is population dispensary?

Clinical examination refers to medical measures that include consultation with a generalist doctor, a number of narrow specialists and necessary examinations. Systematic free medical examinations are based on Soviet traditions. The founder of modern medical examination can be considered the Minister of Health of the USSR Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov.

The program, developed by leading experts, takes into account the peak incidence of certain pathologies for different ages. In addition, the list of specialist consultations and medical examinations is determined individually. Not only the age and gender of the patient are taken into account, but also the results of the first stage of clinical examination: the presence of hereditary diseases, predisposition to certain pathologies, identified violations, and so on.

Systematic monitoring of the current state of health of the adult population makes it possible to identify many dangerous diseases at an early stage. infectious diseases and timely start appropriate treatment, identify risks and prevent the development of a number of pathologies. Based on the screening results, the patient is issued a medical certificate and assigned a health group.

Legislative basis for medical examinations

General medical examination (what it includes is indicated below) of the adult population in Russia began in 2013. As already mentioned, the event is a continuation of the Soviet health care tradition. In 2016, the medical examination became the final stage of the global program, which included medical examination of the entire population of the state.

To date, the procedure for a free examination is legally enshrined in the order on the medical examination of the adult population, which entered into force on April 1, 2015. According to this document every Russian citizen once every three years has the opportunity to undergo a set of medical examinations free of charge and to pass basic tests free of charge. This will allow citizens to have an idea about up to date the health of your own body.

The main goals of medical examination of the population

The main task of holding such an event as medical examination (what it includes - consultations, research, laboratory tests- confirms the goals), is a systematic monitoring of the health of citizens. Firstly, regular preventive examination makes it possible at an early stage to identify a number of chronic diseases of a non-infectious nature, which include:

diabetes;

chronic pathologies of the respiratory system;

oncological diseases;

disorders of the cardiovascular system.

It is the above pathologies, according to statistics, that cause three-quarters of the deaths of the population of the Russian Federation.

Secondly, in the process of clinical examination, every citizen has the opportunity to receive free medical advice aimed at identifying and correcting (if possible) risk factors for the development of both these pathologies and other diseases. Causing factors typically include:

smoking and drinking alcohol;

poor nutrition, eating a large amount of fatty and fried foods;

difficult working conditions, work in hazardous production;

constant stress, frequent physical or emotional overwork;

unfavorable sanitary conditions;

hereditary predisposition to certain pathologies;

overweight, sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise;

high blood pressure, glucose or cholesterol levels.

What is included in the medical examination of the adult population, which allows to identify risks? Doctor general practice conducts a conversation with the patient (collects anamnesis), evaluates the results of laboratory tests and takes into account the existing medical documentation. Based on the data obtained, it becomes possible to conduct preventive counseling, taking into account individual characteristics and current health status of the individual patient. Also, according to the results of the medical examination, a group is assigned and a health passport is issued.



What are the health groups?

If the question “What is included in the medical examination of the population?” becomes more or less clear, then not all potential patients could come across the concept of “health group”. In total, there are three health groups of the middle-aged and elderly population:

The first group includes people who do not suffer from chronic diseases, who rarely experience colds and slight indisposition, who lead a healthy lifestyle. In such patients, insignificant deviations of blood pressure from the norm are acceptable.

The second group includes people who have chronic diseases that occur without complications or with rare deterioration. Patients may have bad habits(except drug addiction), eat irrationally from time to time, maintain a moderate level of physical activity. Most of the middle-aged and elderly population belongs to the second health group.

The third group is patients whose health condition significantly impairs their quality of life. Such individuals may be partially or completely disabled, suffer from serious pathologies, or often experience exacerbations of chronic diseases.

For patients who belong to the second and third health groups, medical examination (what it includes) provides for the second stage. Additional studies are carried out in order to clarify the diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment.

What years are included in the medical examination in 2017?

In 2017, citizens whose birth falls on: 1999, 1996, 1993, 1990, 1987, 1984, 1981, 1978, 1975, 1972, 1969, 1966, 1963, 1960, 1957, 1954, 194.51 1945, 1942, 1939, 1936, 1933, 1930, 1927, 1924, 1921 and 1918. Preventive examination of disabled people, participants of the Great Patriotic War, honorary home front workers and categories of persons equated to them is carried out annually.

Where can you get a medical examination?

To find out what is included in the medical examination program for a particular potential patient, you should contact the outpatient clinic at the place of residence or registration. If it is necessary to conduct additional research or obtain advice from narrow specialists, the general practitioner will send the citizen to the nearest institution where to obtain the necessary medical services can be free.

How long will the medical examination take?

Patients who belong to the first health group need to visit the therapist only twice with an interval of one to two weeks. For those who, based on the results of the first conversation with a general practitioner, will require additional studies or consultations, the duration of the medical examination is determined on an individual basis. It all depends on the volume of necessary examinations to confirm or refute the alleged diagnosis.

Many working people face the problem of lack of free time to visit doctors. But, according to current legislation, the employer is obliged to release the employee from the performance of official duties for medical examinations. Thus, all conditions have been created for an employed person to pass medical examination without hindrance.

What do you need to bring with you when visiting the clinic?

When contacting a polyclinic for medical examination, you must have a civil passport and a compulsory medical insurance policy with you.

Is medical examination free?

Clinical examination (what it includes, we found out) is absolutely free for people with certain years of birth. So, in 2017, employed and unemployed citizens, as well as full-time students with the years of birth listed above, can undergo a free medical examination. The rest of the citizens can also undergo a medical examination if they wish, but they will have to pay for medical services from their own pocket.

What are the stages of dispensary?

What is included in the adult medical examination? The medical examination is carried out in two stages. First, you need to visit a general practitioner who will conduct a survey and refer you for laboratory tests (this is the first stage), if necessary, the patient receives a referral for additional studies or to narrow specialists. Then, if actual health problems are detected, the patient is offered to undergo treatment.

What examinations are included in the medical examination?

Clinical examination involves visiting a number of specialists and conducting basic medical research. Which doctors are included in the medical examination? As part of the medical examination, it is proposed to visit:

therapist;

ophthalmologist;

endocrinologist;

cardiologist;

dentist

urologist (only for men);

gynecologist and / or mammologist (only women pass).

The list of studies includes:

laboratory blood and urine tests;

ECG;

fluorography;

analysis of feces for the presence of occult blood (patients over 39 years old);

mammography (for women from 39 years old).

Results of the medical examination

Based on the results of the medical examination, a citizen receives a medical report (the so-called health passport), which indicates the patient's personal data, information about the current state of health, belonging to one of the groups and basic recommendations. If necessary, the patient is given additional treatment. During the medical examination, a citizen can ask a qualified specialist all the questions of interest regarding healthy lifestyle life and prevention of common diseases.

A comprehensive and large-scale medical examination of citizens of the Russian Federation has been carried out in our country regularly since 2013. Specific directives that outline the procedure and general regulations for its implementation are developed by the Ministry of Health. Nevertheless, there are still discussions in society: is medical examination in a polyclinic a mandatory procedure? Is it possible to refuse it? Who, according to ministerial guidelines, can take it for free in 2020?

Is it necessary to undergo a medical examination at the clinic?

Medical examination (screening) of the population means a set of medical measures aimed at diagnosing and examining the main indicators of a person's health. Routine medical examination procedures allow to detect possible pathologies in the body to prevent adverse effects, and, as a result, reduce the mortality rate.

A comprehensive medical examination in a polyclinic, as well as tests, make it possible to identify a number of diseases that cause 70% of the deaths of citizens. These include:

oncological diseases;

cardiovascular diseases;

diabetes;

respiratory diseases.

In 2015, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation published Order No. 36an dated February 3, 2015, according to which all citizens have the opportunity to undergo a comprehensive health examination absolutely free of charge once every 3 years. According to the legislative directives of the Ministry of Health, the medical examination of the population is advisory in nature and is carried out on a voluntary basis.

On the other hand, not all citizens are in a hurry to comply with the instructions and recommendations related to visiting polyclinics. Moreover, no tough measures or punishment is applied to those who turn out to go for examination. Participation in routine diagnostics concerns only the level of consciousness of citizens in matters of maintaining their own health.

What does a medical examination under the federal program include?

Regardless of whether citizens are registered temporarily or permanently, once every 3 years they have the right to undergo a comprehensive medical examination at a local medical facility absolutely free of charge if they have a valid CHI policy. Having a passport and a medical insurance policy in hand, a person receives a referral to a procedure that includes several stages.

Stage 1 - primary medical examination to identify any diseases, as well as tendencies to their development. At the first stage, a person passes basic tests, receives the results, and, if necessary, a more detailed examination of the identified disease, is sent for further diagnosis.

Stage 2- a highly specialized examination of the organ, in the work of which pathologies were revealed. Consultations with specialized doctors, additional examinations.

After passing all the examinations, the patient is assigned to one of the three "health groups": group 1 is conditionally assigned healthy people, group 2 includes people prone to the development of cardiovascular diseases, group 3 consists of citizens with pronounced signs of disease.

As a result of the diagnosis, a person receives a Health Passport in his hands - this document records a medical opinion, as well as a list of specialist recommendations for further treatment.

Who can count on a free medical examination in 2020

According to generally accepted provisions (Order of the Ministry of Health No. 36an of February 3, 2015), all citizens of Russia who are 21 years old can undergo a scheduled medical examination. How to determine the age category that can qualify for a free medical examination in 2020? To do this, a person needs to divide his age by 3, and if the final number is an integer, he can go to the clinic for a physical examination.

In 2020, Russians who were born in 1921, 1924, 1927 and beyond (the defining interval is 3 years) fall into this category. In the youth category, these are people born in 1993, 1996, 1999.

Unlike adults, children must undergo a mandatory medical examination annually (Order of the Ministry of Health No. 1346n of December 21, 2012). A comprehensive and in-depth medical examination is carried out for children aged 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17 years.

In matters of carrying out activities aimed at preventing the health of adults and children, the state provides all kinds of assistance. To carry out the planned procedure, citizens have the right to be exempted from work, and the employer does not have the right to interfere with these initiatives.

Clinical examination is a complex of medical diagnostic measures for the population of the Russian Federation, which is designed to assess the level and state of health of the examined citizens for preventive purposes. In other words:

• timely monitor the dynamics of the psychological and physiological state;
• inform citizens about their risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases;
• to detect health disorders for the first time in time, so that they can be effectively treated in the early stages of their occurrence, preserving the health of a person as much as possible and even saving his life;
• to receive more regular medical recommendations for people (“chronics”) on the treatment of their chronic non-communicable diseases.

Medical examination can be defined as a preventive medical examination. In the Russian Federation, this All-Russian Preventive Medical Examination is subject to certain categories of citizens from general composition population. Therefore, in the medical literature and in advertisements, you can hear such wording as “ Medical examination of certain groups of the adult population"(DOGVN) or" Medical examination of the adult population”(DVN), in the first and second we are talking about the same thing. Something is not clear? Now understand!

The above formulations indicate that the age of citizens subject to this comprehensive medical examination in current year must be (or be this year): 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57, 60, 63, 66 years old, 69, 72 years old, 75 years old, 78, 81 years old, 84, 87 years old, 90, 93 years old, 96 years old, 99 years old.

That is, the DOGVN (DVN) is carried out by all citizens, starting from the age of 21, and so, with an interval of every 3 years, all their lives (as long as this federal program). Before reaching the 99-year milestone. It is clear that after 3 years, those who were then (in 2016) were 18 years old, and the former 21-year-olds (2016) step on the line of 24 years (2019) and beyond.

When did it start

Since 2013, the federal program for general medical examination of the population of the Russian Federation began to work. Then the order of medical examination of Russians was indicated in detail in the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated December 03, 2013 No. 1006n. Annually, new updated orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation are issued with clarifications, changes and additions.

For example, the last ones:

1. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 869n dated October 26, 2017 "On approval of the procedure for conducting medical examinations for certain groups of the adult population"
2. Methodological recommendations "Organization of clinical examination of certain groups of the adult population"

Main goal, idea and principle

The main goal of this program is to examine for three years all citizens of Russia, starting from the age of twenty-one, the result of which is expected to be the prevention of premature death due to the timely diagnosis and identification of risks in the early stages of severe chronic diseases.

The idea of ​​the all-Russian medical examination of the adult population as a system for monitoring the health of citizens dates back to Soviet Union. When developing the system, the Ministry of Health set a goal to carry out constant medical monitoring of the health of Russian citizens, starting from the day they were born and continuing through all age periods.

The federal program of universal medical examination takes into account the most critical peaks in the incidence of each age. On their basis, for all age groups of adults and children, a differentiated list of those specialists who need to be visited has been approved.

A whole range of diagnostic measures is designed to detect non-infectious pathologies that are the causes of premature death and disability. Here are distinguished:

• disorders of the circulatory system,
• diseases of the lungs and respiratory tract,
• malignant neoplasms,
• benign tumors,

With untimely detection, these diseases lead to premature death in 4 out of 5 cases.

What is needed for

Despite the fact that medical examination is a voluntary event (and if so, it can also be said to be optional), health workers still recommend regular examinations. Because a preventive examination, carried out in a complex, makes it possible to obtain a complete picture of the health of a citizen, determine the future predisposition to diseases, and make a forecast for the development of pathologies.

As usual, we turn to a polyclinic or an ambulance in case of emergency, but the diseases detected in the early stages make it possible to make our treatment simpler, more timely and less expensive. Preventive medical intervention is the key to health and active longevity.

What does it include

Clinical examination includes a number of sequential activities (brief overview):

• A medical examination by a local general practitioner with a questionnaire to identify risk factors (for example: overweight, eating disorders, smoking tobacco, taking alcohol and psychoactive substances, low physical activity, having relatives with cancer and diabetes mellitus).
• The women go to the gynecologist.
• Inspection by narrow specialists (at the second stage of the DVN).
• Laboratory diagnostics(for example: urine, blood, cervical smear, feces for occult blood by immunochromatography, blood for sugar and cholesterol).
• Instrumental diagnostics(for example: undergoing a fluorographic examination of organs chest, ultrasound examination of organs abdominal cavity, small pelvis (the passage of ultrasound has been abolished since 2017)).

In addition to this people:

• over 36 years old, electrocardiography is performed (for men);
• over 40 years of age, intraocular pressure is measured (now at 60 years of age and older);
• over 50 years of age are referred for a consultation with a neurologist (only at the 2nd stage).

Currently, the list of studies has undergone some changes. But, let's look at the full list of examinations at the first and second stages of medical examination in the second part of the publication.

Health groups

When risk factors are identified, the patient is recommended an additional examination, which is called second stage clinical examination. But even following the results of the first stage of its passage, citizens are assigned health categories. Similarly built and children's medical examination.

1. The first group of health is people without the need for constant monitoring in a medical institution.
2. The second group includes persons with a high predisposition to cardiovascular and other diseases.
3. The third group is people who need constant supervision of specialists.

Currently, the 3rd health group is divided into 3a and 3b.

The medical examination can last up to three days.

Age of patients: what years are undergoing medical examination in 2019, 2020 and 2021

A medical examination is a time-consuming and expensive procedure for the country's budget, therefore it is carried out among citizens annually not in a continuous manner, but begins at the age of 18 and is repeated once every three years. This streamlines the examination of citizens and makes it possible to check the health status of each of them every three years.

Look, I made tables of ages suitable for DVN for three years in advance.

Medical examination in 2019, as well as in 2020, 2021, is offered to those Russians whose dates of birth and age correspond to:

What ages did citizens have already undergone medical examination in 2019: table

In 2020: table

In 2021: table

As you have already noticed, citizens who underwent medical examination of the adult population in 2018 will undergo it again in 2021, of course, young people born in 2003 will be added to them!

Where can I get screening in 2019?

It can be taken in clinics at the place of their permanent or temporary registration. You need to take with you:

• the passport,
• SNILS
• and medical insurance policy.

Comprehensive diagnostics is carried out in the presence of a compulsory medical insurance policy for free!

Following the visit medical institution, the citizen receives detailed information about his condition and individual recommendations for maintaining health and preventing the onset or progression of the disease.

And although the federal program has been implemented for the sixth year in a row, not all citizens of Russia know about it. There are many people who are indifferent to their state of health.

Where can I get information about a medical examination?

At the local doctor, district doctor nurse or you can get detailed information at the reception about which medical institution When will the 2019 screening take place?

It should be noted that this event is held everywhere throughout Russia in all cities:

• Moscow,
• Yekaterinburg,
• Krasnoyarsk,
• Chelyabinsk,
• Kirov,
• Mound,
• Tula,
• Kazan,
• Magnitogorsk,
• Cherepovets,
• Vladivostok,
• Novosibirsk,
• Krasnodar,
• Volgograd,
• Tolyatti,
• Samara,
• Orenburg,
• Kursk,
• Vologda and in all the rest.

Read related publications related to this category:

What includes a complete list of studies of the first and second stages of clinical examination

New Order Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 869n dated October 26, 2017 "On approval of the procedure for conducting medical examinations for certain groups of the adult population", which guides health care institutions during this general preventive examination, includes two stages of conducting DVN, the second is performed - as needed (if there are indications).

The first stage of the DOGVN

Stage 1 includes:

1. interview (questioning) 1 time in 3 years, in order to identify complaints specific to non-communicable diseases, personal history, smoking, alcohol consumption, the risk of using narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, diet, physical activity, as well as to identify citizens aged 75 years and older risk of falls, complaints characteristic of osteoporosis, depression, heart failure, uncorrected hearing and visual impairment;
2. anthropometry (measurement of height, standing, body weight, waist circumference), body mass index calculation 1 time in 3 years;
3. measurement blood pressure 1 time in 3 years;
4. determination of the level of general blood cholesterol(using the express method is allowed) for citizens under the age of 85 once every 3 years;
5. definition blood glucose level on an empty stomach (using the express method is allowed) 1 time in 3 years;
6. definition relative cardiovascular risk for citizens aged 21 to 39 years inclusive, and absolute cardiovascular risk in citizens aged 42 to 63 years inclusive, who do not have diseases associated with atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, 1 time in 3 years;
7. conducting individual preventive counseling in the department (office) of medical prevention (health center, feldsher health center or feldsher-obstetric station) for citizens under the age of 72 with high relative and high and very high absolute cardiovascular risk, and (or) obesity, and (or) hypercholesterolemia with a total cholesterol level of 8 mmol / l or more, and (or) smokers more than 20 cigarettes per day; referral of these citizens to in-depth (individual or group) preventive counseling outside the framework of clinical examination;
8. resting electrocardiography(for men aged 36 years and older, for women aged 45 years and older, once every 3 years);
9. inspection paramedic (midwife), taking using a cytological brush cervical smear (scraping) from the surface of the cervix(external uterine os) and cervical canal for a cytological examination (hereinafter referred to as a smear from the cervix), a cytological examination of a smear from the cervix (for women aged 30 to 60 years, 1 time in 3 years);
10. fluorography of the lungs 1 time in 3 years;
11. mammography both mammary glands in two projections (for women aged 39-48 years, once every 3 years and at the age of 50-70 years, once every 2 years);
12. study feces on occult blood immunochemical method (for citizens aged 49 to 73 years, once every 2 years);
13. definition prostate specific antigen(PSA) in the blood (for men aged 45 and 51 years);
14. measurement intraocular pressure 1 time in 3 years (for citizens aged 60 years and older);
15. reception (inspection) general practitioner upon completion of studies of the first stage of clinical examination, conducted at intervals of 1 time in 3 years, including the establishment of a diagnosis, the determination of a health group, a group dispensary observation, conducting brief preventive counseling, including recommendations for healthy eating, level of physical activity, cessation of tobacco smoking and harmful alcohol consumption, determination of medical indications for examinations and consultations as part of the second stage of medical examination;
16. reception (examination) by a general practitioner upon completion of studies of the first stage of clinical examination, conducted at regular intervals 1 time in 2 years in the presence of identified pathological changes, including the determination, in accordance with the identified changes, of medical indications for examinations and consultations as part of the second stage of clinical examination.

The second stage of the DVN

The second stage of clinical examination is carried out for the purpose of additional examination and clarification of the diagnosis of the disease (condition) and includes:

1. examination (consultation) neurologist(in the presence of newly identified indications or suspicions of a previously suffered acute violation cerebral circulation for citizens who are not under dispensary observation on this occasion, as well as in cases when, according to the results of the questionnaire, violations of motor function, cognitive impairment and suspicion of depression in citizens aged 75 years and older who are not under dispensary observation on this occasion);
2. duplex scanning of brachycephalic arteries(for men aged 45 to 72 years and women aged 54 to 72 years with a combination of three risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases: elevated level blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, overweight or obesity, as well as in the direction of a neurologist with a first indication or suspicion of a previous acute cerebrovascular accident for citizens aged 75-90 years who are not under dispensary observation for this reason);
3. examination (consultation) surgeon or urologist(for men aged 45 and 51 years with an increase in the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood of more than 1 ng / ml);
4. examination (consultation) surgeon or coloproctologist, including sigmoidoscopy (with a positive analysis of feces for occult blood, for citizens aged 49 years and older with aggravated heredity for familial adenomatosis, oncological diseases of the colorectal region, when other medical indications are identified based on the results of a questionnaire, as well as on the appointment of a general practitioner , urologist, obstetrician-gynecologist in cases of detection of symptoms of oncological diseases of the colorectal region);
5. colonoscopy(for citizens in case of suspected oncological disease of the colon as prescribed by a surgeon or coloproctologist);
6. spirometry(for citizens with suspected chronic bronchopulmonary disease based on the results of a questionnaire, who smoke in the direction of a general practitioner);
7. examination (consultation) obstetrician-gynecologist(for women aged 30 to 69 inclusive with identified pathological changes according to the results cytological examination cervical smear and (or) mammography);
8. examination (consultation) otorhinolaryngologist(for citizens aged 75 years and older if there are medical indications based on the results of a questionnaire or examination by a general practitioner);
9. examination (consultation) ophthalmologist(for citizens aged 60 years and older with increased intraocular pressure, and for citizens aged 75 years and older who have a decrease in visual acuity that is not amenable to spectacle correction identified by the results of the survey);
10. conducting individual or group(schools for patients) in-depth preventive counseling in the department (office) of medical prevention (health center, feldsher health center or feldsher-obstetric station) for citizens;
11. reception (inspection) general practitioner, upon completion of studies of the second stage of medical examination, including the establishment (clarification) of the diagnosis, the determination (clarification) of the health group, the determination of the group for dispensary observation (taking into account the conclusions of medical specialists), as well as the direction of citizens, if there are medical indications, for an additional examination that is not included in the volume of clinical examination, to receive specialized, including high-tech, medical care, for sanatorium-and-spa treatment.

In order to improve the level of public health and timely detection of diseases of various pathogenesis, a systematic free examination of citizens is provided on the territory of the Russian Federation. Its procedure and conditions are regulated by the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of February 3, 2015 No. 36an.

Along with the previous periods, the medical examination of 2018 provides for a similar procedure for passing. It applies to citizens from 21 years old, according to the established age periods, with the exception of special categories of persons who are subject to medical supervision annually: children, disabled veterans of the Second World War, military personnel, etc.

Age periods that pass the program in 2018

Employed, unemployed, student citizens aged 21 and above, whose age period corresponds to the list established by law, can undergo a comprehensive examination. Current information on the medical examination of the population by year of birth in 2018 is presented in the table.

To date, such services are provided free of charge by state medical institutions, in particular district polyclinics. Citizens, at their own discretion, can choose the organization where it is most convenient for them to undergo an examination: at the place of residence, study or work.

At the same time, employed persons have the right to visit a medical institution in working time and the employer cannot prevent them from doing this, nor can they regard their absence from the workplace as a violation of labor discipline. A similar rule applies to full-time students.

Considering that medical examination is completely voluntary, a person who has expressed a desire to undergo it may, at his own discretion, refuse certain medical actions and examinations by certain specialists. The complex of activities that are carried out within the framework of the program differs depending on gender and age.

Duration of medical examination

The duration of primary medical examinations and passing the necessary tests is theoretically 2 days. On the first day, the patient bypasses specialists and takes tests, and after a week, during which the results will be prepared, he comes to his local therapist to find out about the results of the examination.

Often, in practice, the passage of such a commission takes longer and requires multiple visits, depending on the working hours of certain doctors, the timing of the analysis, etc. This fact should be taken into account if it is planned to undergo an examination during working or school hours.

Doctors note that the most favorable time of the year to undergo an examination is summer. The warm season is less busy than others. The most intense is considered the autumn-winter period.

According to the results of a statistical survey, often, having found out which years of birth fall under medical examination in 2018, and not finding one’s own among them age period, people prefer to postpone going to a medical facility until better times. And this is along with the fact that they have some questions about the state of their health.

Experts regard such behavior as very reckless, and focus on the fact that, along with Order No. 36an of the Ministry of Health, a special decree was also issued, according to which a person can undergo a preventive examination every 2 years. It is a kind of abbreviated version of the medical examination. In case of detection of serious violations, the patient will be referred for a comprehensive examination.

Order of conduct

At the first visit to the clinic, a passport and compulsory medical insurance policy. If the patient has already seen certain specialists and / or passed tests within the 12 months preceding the visit to the medical institution, he should take all medical documentation with him to provide to the local doctor.

The examination covers 2 stages:

• screening (questioning the patient about the main aspects of his health);
• additional examination to establish the diagnosis.

The first stage involves drawing up a general picture of the patient's degree of health. To do this, he is required to:

• delivery of a standard set of tests, the list of which differs depending on age (blood, urine, feces);
• inspection of highly specialized specialists;
• passing a number of studies (ultrasound, electrocardiography, etc.).

If no serious deviations were found at the end of the initial stage, the examination ends at this point and can be retaken after 3 years.

The second stage of medical examination is appointed if there are certain deviations. To clarify the diagnosis, a citizen is sent to a specialist of the appropriate profile for additional examination or preventive counseling.

In situations where it was found necessary for the patient to contact specialists in other areas and conduct medical manipulations and activities that are not included in the medical examination program, treatment is prescribed in accordance with the rules established by law for the provision of medical care in accordance with the identified disease. Simply put, the treatment begins to be carried out in the usual manner.

The essence of medical examination is the diagnosis possible diseases, monitoring the health status of the population and predicting risk factors. And since the timely detection of deviations greatly increases the effectiveness of treatment, it is worth noting that its passage is necessary in any case. This assertion is supported by the fact that a large number of serious illnesses has no significant symptoms and can often develop over many years without revealing itself. Find out which years are being screened in 2018 and take the time to get tested.

So, according to the results of a medical check, a citizen is issued a medical passport indicating the health group:

• 1 is assigned in the absence of chronic diseases and risk factors;
• 2 - if there is a probability of occurrence of certain deviations;
• 3 (a, b) is given to persons who have serious violations of certain systems of life, indicating the need for certain treatment.

The most common diseases among the Russian population include cardiovascular and bronchopulmonary pathologies, cancerous tumors and diabetes mellitus. The medical examination program is aimed mainly at identifying risk factors for them. If earlier a person simply went through a lot of doctors in a row, now, taking into account the studies and incidence statistics, the emphasis is on these areas.