An interesting fact about the sense organs. Facts about human language

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Nose and its functions

The nose is the first organ respiratory system. It takes in the surrounding air and passes it inside the body to the lungs. The nose has only two functions. It is smell and breath.

Brief description of the structure of the nose

By and large, the nose is divided into three parts. These are the external and internal nose and paranasal sinuses. The structure of all parts is significantly different.

External nose is a system of bones and cartilage covering their skin. There are 6 parts of the external nose: root, back, tip, skin septum, nostrils and wings.

It is interesting! The skin covering the nose contains a lot of sebaceous glands. That is why in people with oily skin, most acne appears in this part of the face.

The inside of the nose, or it is also called a cavity, is located in the middle between the oral cavity, eye sockets and anterior cranial fossa.

The entire surface of the nasal cavity has small cilia. Their task is not to allow dust and small debris to pass through the nasal passages. Thus, they protect the lungs from serious damage.

The olfactory nerve is responsible for the sense of smell. It is located in the uppermost part of the nasal cavity. And in the upper part of the nasal passages, there are approximately 10 million sniff receptors.

Around the nasal cavity are 4 pairs of paranasal sinuses, otherwise they are called air cavities:

• frontal;
• sinus of the ethmoid bone (in the same area passes optic nerve);
• maxillary;
• wedge-shaped.

The purpose of these cavities is the free flow of mucus and its removal to the outside during inflammation and allergies.

Nose functions

As already mentioned, the nose performs two major functions: olfactory and respiratory.

AT respiratory function the nose includes not only the intake of air, but also its cleansing, warming and, if necessary, moisturizing.

The olfactory functions of the nose allow us to distinguish many different odors.

It is interesting! The nose plays an important role in shaping the pitch and timbre of the voice. And since a person's nose grows all his life, therefore the voice changes from infancy to old age from tender and thin to coarser. For the same reason, with age, when a person begins to sneeze, he makes rougher and louder sounds than in his youth.

It is interesting! The number of olfactory receptors decreases with age. Therefore, in childhood, the number of distinguishable odors and their intensity is much stronger than in an older person.

In order for the nose to always work well, it is recommended to keep its mucous membrane moist and carry out prevention and timely treatment inflammatory events. To this end, the following can help: (respiratory system), improves the condition of the mucous membranes of the entire respiratory system. For complex treatment or prevention of various diseases of the upper respiratory tract(nose, sinuses and nasal passages) it is recommended to pay attention, condition of the blood vessels face, elimination of pathogenic microflora and for.

Continuation in the next article.

Incredible Facts

The main means by which we interact with the world around us are the sense organs. We can hear, see and smell with them. Their importance cannot be overestimated.

Interesting Facts:

• Ears are also organs balance.
• A favorable background for a person ranges from 45-50 decibels (corresponding to a quiet conversation). According to acousticologists, everything above this background is already called noise load and contributes to weakening of the immune system person.
• At 30% children are found to have hearing problems, which can lead to school failure. That is why doctors insist on undergoing a hearing test in infants.
• Loud sounds that affect a person for a long time can lose hearing.
• Men have worse hearing than women.

Known facts about human vision

Near two-thirds the human race has poor eyesight. The quality of human vision deteriorates as we age.

Interesting Facts:

• "Carrots are good for the eyes" - we hear from childhood. Indeed, vitamin A, which is saturated with carrots, is good for health. However no direct connection between the carrot and the eyes.
• Most of the children born have gray Blue eyes. Eyes acquire their true color only after two years.
• Green is the rarest eye color in humans. Only 2% people on Earth have green eyes.
• All people with blue eyes can be considered relatives. A mutation of blue eyes arose about 6,000-10,000 years ago, approximately in the area where the modern the city of Odessa.
• In 1% of people, the irises of the left and right eyes differ in color.
• Theoretically, the human eye can distinguish 10 million colors and about 500 shades of gray.
• The drawing of the iris of the eye is individual for each person.

Through the senses, people can interact with the outside world. Many facts about the human senses have remained unexplored, but many of them have been studied by modern scientists. Even people have such sense organs that no one knows about.

40 facts about eyes (vision)

1. Brown eyes are actually blue, but this is not visible due to the presence of brown pigment in them.

2.C open eyes the person cannot sneeze.

3. When a person looks at the one he loves, his pupils dilate by 45%.

4.Eyes can only see 3 colors: green, red and blue.

5. Almost 95% of animals have eyes.

6. The muscles that control the eyes are the most active in the human body.

7. Approximately 24 million images a person sees throughout his life.

8. Human eyes are capable of processing approximately 36,000 pieces of information per hour.

9. Approximately 17 times per minute, a person's eyes blink.

10. A person sees not with his eyes, but with his brain. That is why vision problems are associated with brain activity.

11. There is no blind spot in the eyes of an octopus.

12. If a person in a photo with a flash sees only one eye red, then he may have a tumor.

13. Johnny Depp is blind in one eye.

14. There are hairs in the eyes of bees.

15. Most cats with blue eyes are considered deaf.

16. Many predators sleep with one eye open to hunt game.

17. About 80% of the information received from the outside passes through the eyes.

18. In strong daylight or cold, the shade of a person's eyes changes.

19. A resident of Brazil could protrude his eyes by 10 mm.

20.About 6 eye muscles help to turn a person's eyes.

21. The lens of the eye is much faster than a photographic lens.

22. Eyes are considered fully formed at the age of 7.

23. The eye cornea is the only part of the human body that is not supplied with oxygen.

24. The corneas of human and shark eyes are very similar.

25. Eyes do not grow, they remain the same size as at birth.

26. There are people who have eyes different color.

27. Eyes more than other sense organs load the brain with work.

28. Cosmetics do the most harm to the eyes.

29. The rarest eye color is green.

30. Representatives of the weaker sex blink 2 times more often than men.

31. The eyes of a whale weigh no more than 1 kilogram, but their vision is poor even at a distance.

32. Human eyes are not able to freeze, this is due to the lack of nerve endings.

33. All newborns have gray-blue eyes.

34. In about 60-80 minutes, the eyes are able to get used to the darkness.

35. Color blindness affects males more than women.

36. Pigeons have the highest viewing angle.

37. People who have blue eyes see better in the dark than those who have brown eyes.

38. The human eye weighs about 8 grams.

39. Eye transplantation is unrealistic, because it is impossible to separate the optic nerve from the brain.

40. Eye proteins are present only in humans.

25 facts about ears (hearing)

1. Hearing is more often lost by men than women.

2. Ears are a self-cleaning human organ.

3. The sound that a person hears when putting a shell to his ear is the sound of blood that runs through the veins.

4. Ears play an important role in keeping balance.

5. Children have more sensitive hearing than adults.

6.At birth, the baby manages to hear the lowest sound.

7. Ears are an organ that can grow throughout life.

8. If a person eats a lot, then his hearing may deteriorate.

9. Even when a person falls asleep, his ears work, and he hears everything well.

11. The main cause of hearing loss is frequent noise.

12. Elephants can hear not only with their ears, but also with their legs and trunk.

13. Each human ear hears sounds in its own way.

14. Giraffes clean their ears with their tongues.

15. Crickets and grasshoppers hear not with their ears, but with their paws.

16. A person is able to distinguish between about 3-4 thousand sounds of different frequencies.

17. There are about 25,000 cells in the human ear.

18. The sound of a baby crying is louder than a car horn.

20. Every 10th person in the world has a bad hearing.

21. The tympanic eardrum in frogs is located behind the eyes.

22. A deaf person can have a good ear for music.

23. The roar that tigers make can be heard from a distance of 3 kilometers.

24. With frequent wearing of headphones, the phenomenon of "ear congestion" may occur.

25. Beethoven was deaf.

25 facts about tongue (taste)

1. Language is the most flexible part of a person.

2. Language is the only organ human body capable of distinguishing tastes.

3. Each person has a unique language.

4. People who smoke cigarettes get worse taste.

5. Language is that muscle of the human body that is not attached on both sides.

6. There are approximately 5,000 taste buds on the human tongue.

7. The first human tongue transplant was performed in 2003.

8. The human tongue distinguishes only 4 tastes.

9. The tongue consists of 16 muscles, and therefore this sense organ is considered the weakest.

10. The fingerprint of each language is considered unique, just like a fingerprint.

11. Sweet taste is better distinguished by girls than boys.

12. Breast milk is sucked by newborns with the help of the tongue.

13. The organ of taste affects human digestion.

14. Anaerobic bacteria live on the human tongue.

15. The tongue heals much faster than other organs.

16. The tongue is the most mobile muscle in the body of every person.

17. Some people are able to roll their own tongue into a tube. This is due to differences in the structure of this organ.

18. At the tip of the woodpecker's tongue there are horny spines that help him get the larvae hidden in the wood.

19. Taste buds, which are on the human tongue, live for about 7-10 days, after which they die, being replaced by new ones.

20. The taste of food is determined not only by the mouth, but also by the nose.

21. Good taste abilities begin to form even before birth.

22. Each person has a different number of taste buds.

23. The desire to try something sweet may indicate a lack of self-control.

24. The more papillae are on the tongue, the less often a person experiences hunger.

25. The color of the tongue can be said about human health.

40 facts about the nose (smell)

1. There are approximately 11 million olfactory cells in the human nose.

2. Scientists have identified 14 shapes of people's noses.

3. The nose is considered the most protruding part of a person.

4. The shape of the human nose is fully formed only by the age of 10.

5. The nose grows throughout life, but this happens at a slow pace.

6. Although the nose is receptive, it cannot smell natural gas.

7. In newborns, the sense of smell is much more developed than in adults.

8. Only three out of ten people are able to dilate their nostrils.

9. People who have lost their sense of smell will also lose their sexual desire.

10. Each of the human nostrils perceives odors in its own way: the left one evaluates them, the right one selects the most pleasant of them.

11. A nose with a hump, in ancient times, was only among the leaders.

12. Familiar smells that you once had to feel are able to renew past memories.

13. It is assumed that women who find their man's face attractive smell better than other females.

14. Smell is the first thing that will deteriorate with age.

15. In the first year of life of newborns, the sharpness of smell is lost by 50%.

16. By the tip of the nose, you can tell about the age of people, because it is in this place that elastin and collagen proteins break down.

17. The nose of a person is simply not able to distinguish some smells.

18. Before mummifying an Egyptian, his brain was pulled out through his nostrils.

19. There is an area around the human nose that releases pheromones that attract the opposite sex.

20. At a particular moment in time, a person can breathe with only one nostril.

21. Often people insure their nose.

22. Approximately half a liter of mucus is produced daily in the nose of every healthy person.

23. The nose can work like a pump: pump from 6 to 10 liters of air.

24. Approximately 50 thousand smells are remembered by the human nose.

25. About 50% of people don't like their nose.

26. Slugs have 4 noses.

27. Each nose has a "favorite" smell.

28. The nose is closely connected with the center of emotions and memory.

29. Throughout life, the human nose changes.

30. It is the nose that influences the manifestation of sensuality.

31. The nose is the least studied human organ.

32. Pleasant smells relax nervous system a person, and unpleasant ones cause antipathy.

33. The sense of smell is the most ancient sense.

34. With the help of smells, autism can be diagnosed.

36. Smell is an irresistible element.

37. It is very difficult to control a person's sense of smell.

38. There are about 230 million olfactory cells in a dog's nose. In the human organ of smell, there are only 10 million of these cells.

39. There are anomalies of smell.

40. Dogs can often look for the same smell.

30 facts about the skin (touch).

1. In human skin there is an enzyme - melanin, which is responsible for its color.

2. About a million cells can be seen on the skin under a microscope.

3.Round wounds on human skin take longer to heal.

4. From 20 to 100 moles can be on human skin.

5. Skin is the largest organ of the human body.

6.Women's skin is much thinner than men's.

7. Insects most often bite the skin of the legs.

8. The smoothness of the skin can be determined by the amount of collagen.

9. Human skin consists of 3 layers.

10. Approximately 26-30 days in an adult, the skin is completely renewed. If we talk about newborns, then their skin is updated in 72 hours.

11. Human skin is capable of producing antibacterial chemicals that prevent germs from multiplying.

12. Africans and Europeans have a lot more sweat glands on their skin than Asians.

13. Throughout life, a person sheds about 18 kilograms of skin.

14. More than 1 liter of sweat per day produces human skin.

15. The feet have the thickest skin.

16. Approximately 70% of human skin is water, and 30% is proteins.

17. Freckles on human skin can appear in adolescence and disappear by the age of 30.

18. When stretched, human skin resists.

19. There are approximately 150 nerve endings on human skin.

20. Dust in the room occurs due to keratinization of the skin.

21. The thickness of the baby's skin is 1 millimeter.

22. When carrying a child, a woman's skin becomes more sensitive to the sun's rays, which can cause a burn.

23. The science that studies the sense of touch is called haptics.

24. There were cases when a person created works of art with the help of touch.

25. A person's heart rate will slow down slightly if you touch his hands.

26. Touch receptors are located not only in the skin, but also in the mucous membranes, joints and muscles.

27. The sense of touch in a person appears first, and is lost last.

28. White skin arose only 20-50 thousand years ago.

29. People can be born with total absence melanin, and they are called albinos.

The human body is a complex mechanism. Each organ performs its own function. Thanks to the so-called sense organs, we see, hear, feel the taste and smell, and touch objects. With the help of eyes, ears, mouth, nose and skin, we have a complete picture of the world around us. Let's remember the various Interesting Facts about the human senses. You can tell a lot of interesting things about the human senses, therefore, for convenience, we structure the information into sections.

Facts about eyes and vision

Through the eyes we see the world around us. It has been established that thanks to vision, a person receives up to 80% of all information processed by the brain. What do we know about the work of these sense organs?

• The muscles that control the eyes are the most active in the human body.
• With open eyes, a person will not be able to sneeze.
• We blink about 17-25 times per minute.

• As for children, it is believed that the eyes are fully formed by the age of 7.
• About the structure of the eyes: the cornea is the only part of the human body that is not supplied with oxygen. And the eyes cannot freeze, because. they have no nerve endings.
• There are people who have eyes of different colors. This is about 1% of the world's population.
• Eyes more than other sense organs load the brain with work.

• The rarest eye color is green. On Earth, only 2% of people have green eyes.
• Approximately 2/3 of the entire population of the Earth cannot boast of excellent vision, in addition, it has been found that approximately 1/3 of all people cannot perfectly see objects at a distance of more than 6-7 m.
• Women have better lateral (peripheral) vision than men.
• Each person has an individual iris and therefore can be used for identification.

Facts about ears and hearing

“He who has ears, let him hear...” With the help of hearing, a person can freely communicate in society, perceive sound information and simply enjoy the sounds of nature or his favorite melody. A lot of interesting facts are also known about the structure and work of such a sensory organ as the ears.

• When we put a large shell to our ear, we hear not “the sound of the sea”, but the sound of our own blood that runs through the veins.

• Ears can grow throughout a person's life.
• Even when we sleep, our ears are working.
• Our ear is able to distinguish approximately 3000-4000 sounds of different frequencies.

• After a heavy meal, hearing deteriorates slightly.
• The ears are also organs of balance.
• A favorable sound background for a person is up to 50 decibels (an analogue of a quiet conversation), all sounds louder than 50 dB are already a noise load and can weaken the immune system.
• The most sensitive hearing childhood. Toddlers hear in the range from 20 to 20,000 Hertz, and adults only up to 15,000 Hertz.

Facts about tongue and taste

Human language is not only a part digestive system, which helps to chew food, but also an important part of the speech system. Without language, we would not be able to speak. So, what interesting facts about language as a sense organ do we know?

• The tongue is the most flexible part of the human body.
• It is the only organ capable of distinguishing tastes.
• There are about 5,000 taste buds on the surface of the tongue.

• About the structure: the tongue consists of only 16 muscles and is considered one of the weakest organs.
• Each tongue print is unique, just like fingerprints.
• Some people can roll their tongue into a tube.
• The color of the tongue helps the doctor determine the health status of the patient.

Facts about the nose and smell

About the nose, in addition to various facts, many more folk sayings are known: “The curious Barbara’s nose was torn off at the market”, “Don’t poke your nose into other people’s affairs”, “The nose lifts up, but the wind walks in the head”, etc. And here’s what can be said about the nose as a human sense organ.

• There are about 11 million olfactory cells in the nose.
• The shape of the nose is fully formed only by 10 years.
• The nose grows throughout life, though very slowly.

• The taste of food is determined not only by the mouth, but also by the nose.
• It has been observed that familiar smells once experienced can trigger memories.
• If necessary, a person is able to breathe with only one nostril.
• Pleasant smells relax the human nervous system.

• It is believed that women have a better sense of smell than men.
• 2% of people on Earth do not have a sense of smell.
• To say about a person that he has a “smell like a dog” is not entirely true - the human nose is able to remember about 50,000 smells, while the nose of a dog is millions of times more sensitive.

Facts about skin and touch

It has long been known that the skin is the largest organ of the human body. Its average area is 1.5 sq. m (depending on height and build), and the total weight is 2-3 kg. The skin not only warms or cools our body at the right time, but also protects it from damage, saturates the blood with oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. In addition, the skin is an important sensory organ with which we touch everything around. Let's read the facts about the skin.

• The enzyme melanin is responsible for skin color. The more it is produced, the darker the skin.
• People with a complete lack of melanin are called albinos.
• Up to 80-100 moles can be found on the human body.

• Insects most often bite the skin of the legs.
• The skin consists of three layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous fat (hypoderm).
• About once a month, the top layer of the skin is completely renewed.
• The thickest layer of skin is on the feet.

• The thinnest skin is on the eyelids and in the eardrum.
• About 500-600 ml of water is excreted through the skin daily.
• Dust in the room occurs, among other things, due to keratinization of the skin.
• The sense of touch is the first to appear in humans and the last to be lost.

The sense organs help us to live every day. When all organs work smoothly, we all see, hear and feel. If at least one of the organs begins to fail, a person’s life becomes noticeably more complicated, not to mention total loss any ability. Therefore, it is worth taking care of each of the sense organs in order to live fully.

The tongue is one of the most complex organs in nature, as it is a real chemical laboratory. A full-fledged language first appeared in reptiles, namely lizards and snakes. The snake, touching an object lying in front of it and thus taking a “sample”, then draws in the tongue and applies its tips to the sensitive pits located on the inner surface of the mouth. The smallest amount of a substance from the outside is enough for the reptile to make a “microchemical analysis” and take the trail of the victim, find a partner during the mating season, or find a way to a water source.

The vulture tortoise almost does not need to work for food. It burrows into the silt at the bottom of the reservoir and, with its mouth wide open, sticks out a thin worm-like tip of the tongue, painted in bright pink. This serves as an excellent bait for fish that try to grab the "worm" and immediately fall into the turtle's mouth.

The tongue of frogs and chameleons is a skillful hunting device with a sticky trap at the end. They just spit it out at the victim.

Some ducks, which get food by filtering water and bottom silt, have a fringe along the edges of the tongue, which helps to trap crustaceans, insect larvae and small fish. In hummingbirds, the tongue rolls up into a tube and helps pump out flower nectar.

The language of parrots with a hard horn coating is an ideal tool for crushing small nuts: taking a seed in its mouth, the bird presses on it with its tongue, pressing it strongly against inside beak until the shell cracks. In lorikeet parrots, the tongue at the end is equipped with a brush, with which they collect the juice of fruits crushed by their beak.

The tongue of a cat is a real grater that allows them to strip the meat from the bones of the victim.

Ruminants use their tongues as we use our hands. Cows and giraffes tightly wrap their tongue around bundles of grass, leaves, or branches, just as a person would do with a hand, and then, tearing off, send food to their mouths for chewing.

In the anteater, the tongue has turned into a sticky fishing rod up to 60 cm long, which it then launches into the anthill, then draws into the mouth at a frequency of 160 times per minute.

The tongue can be used like a spoon. Most mammals drink by lapping, that is, scooping up small portions of water with the tip of their tongue. An analysis of the frames of accelerated filming showed that the dog turns its end up, while the cat, on the contrary, bends it down.

In humans, the tongue is the main taster. Each tongue has up to 5,000 taste buds. They are short-lived, live only 10 days: new ones grow to replace the old ones. The basal part of the tongue is responsible for the perception of bitter, the front edges of the tongue react to the salty taste, the deep edges to the sour, and only its end to the sweet. Therefore, you should not shove candies deep or fill your mouth full with them: the pleasure from this will not become great. The human tongue is the only muscle not attached on both sides and is considered the most flexible and mobile part of the body.

Chanel Tapper is a Guinness World Record holder for the world's longest tongue among women. Chanel's tongue reaches 9.75 cm in length (these measurements are usually taken from the tip of the tongue to the upper lip).

Most amazing language- at woodpeckers. Looking for insects in the bark and trunks of trees, the woodpecker hollows out a hole with its beak, but the length of the beak is not enough to get the larvae hidden in the wood. Here a flexible tongue with horn hooks at the tip comes to the rescue: the woodpecker launches it into the tree passage and, having found the prey, deftly picks it up. The tongue, already long, can also be pulled out of the oral cavity with the help of a long tape, which