Quick Composting Tool. Organic compost accelerator: what preparations to use

Experts recommend laying a compost pit at any time of the year, except for winter. As a rule, gardeners start this business in the fall. It was then that the site accumulates a large number of organic waste. It is necessary to choose a shady place on the site, which is not exposed to direct sunlight. Woodlice usually live there, earthworms and microorganisms that contribute to the rapid decomposition of plant waste.

There are several options for preparing a heap using special tools, for example, Baikal for compost:

digging a hole, no more than 1 m deep;
creation of a heap, no more than 2 m ² high;
the use of a wooden box;
the use of metal barrels without a bottom, painted in a dark color.

It is necessary to lay a bunch in layers. Spruce branches, branches and straw are laid at the very bottom. The next layer is reserved for grass and weeds, as well as tops, paper and chopped branches. The components are crushed and poured without tamping. They are interspersed with special composting accelerator solutions. The top of the pile is covered with soil and covered with straw or burlap to retain moisture.

Stages of compost maturation

The composting steps are as follows:

decomposition and fermentation process. The stage lasts 3-7 days. In the process, the temperature inside the heap rises, which can reach 68 °C.
Perestroika. The temperature drops during this stage. The process enters the active phase. Fungi actively multiply, gases are released. This stage lasts for two weeks.
Formation of new structures. The temperature inside the heap drops to 20 °C. Worms begin to live inside, which contribute to the mixing of organic and mineral substances. The vital activity of bacteria for compost contributes to the formation of humus.
Compost maturation. During this stage, the temperature inside the heap is equal to the temperature environment.

Ways to use compost products

When choosing a special high-speed agent for compost, it is necessary to correctly plan the desired result, purpose and properties of the substance. According to them, you need to decide on the purchase. Despite the low cost of the proposed compost ripening accelerators, they are highly efficient. This makes the process of their application as profitable and justified as possible.

The effect obtained depends not only on the composting accelerator. It is important to create favorable conditions for bacterial life. For this you need:

solve the problem of moisture fluctuations. To do this, you need to water the substrate as often as possible, and then cover it with a layer of soil of 10–15 cm. To avoid this, you can use a regular film with holes that covers the pile;
compost should only be opened to add water;
once a month it is recommended to turn the compost with a pitchfork, providing good air access.

It takes a lot of time for the natural maturation of compost in a country house or in a private household. Sometimes fertilizer needs to be obtained as early as possible, in which case it is recommended to use drugs to speed up the decay of organic matter.

How can you speed up the maturation of compost?

Compost is highly valued by experienced gardeners. Fertilizer is the cheapest and you can make it yourself. Organic components decompose under the influence of certain microorganisms. To speed up this process and be able to start using compost as soon as possible, special preparations or folk remedies are used.

Special preparations

Using compost accelerators, you can get excellent fertilizer already 2-3 months after laying grass and other components on a pile. There are certain rules for the use of industrial preparations:

preparations are diluted in dechlorinated water (rain, spring or tap water, but settled);
water temperature for dilution of drugs should be + 25 ... + 30 ˚ C (in such an environment, beneficial bacteria "work" better);
diluted preparation must be spilled every 20–25 cm of compost when forming a heap.

Liquid means to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter are popular:

Ekomik (dilute 100 ml of concentrate in 5 liters of water and spill the compost heap in layers);
Gumi-Omi Compostin (50 ml of the drug is diluted in 10 liters of water);
Comostello (1 sachet diluted in 20 liters of water).

The specified amount of working solutions is enough for about 1 cubic meter of compost.

You can safely use powder preparations:

EM-Bokashi - based on fermented wheat bran (100 g of powder is calculated for 10 kg of raw materials);
Dr. Robik 209 is based on soil bacteria, so the organic matter powdered with Robik is sprinkled with earth. Effective at +5 ˚C (1 package (60 g) of the drug is designed for a layer of 1–1.5 m 2, collected within a month).

Dr. Robik 209 is one of the most popular compost accelerators.

Powder preparations need to be sprinkled with each layer of compost, and then additionally water the layers with water.

Folk methods for giving and plot

Yeast can be safely used as an accelerator for the decomposition of organic matter. This method is less effective compared to the use of industrial preparations, but at the same time cheaper and more affordable. To prepare the solution, dilute in 10 liters of water 5 tbsp. l. dry yeast and 1 kg of sugar. Infuse the mixture for a day. Make a few holes in the compost heap and pour the fermented solution into them. The specified amount of composition is enough for 1 cubic meter of compost. It is enough to apply the yeast solution 2 times at an interval of 1 month.

Watering with herbal infusion will help speed up the ripening of the laid compost, for the preparation of which you need to combine grass, chicken manure and water in a ratio of 5:2:20. The mixture should be infused for a week, and then pour it into the recesses made on the compost heap.

In order for the compost to mature as quickly as possible, it must be properly laid. Large piles are difficult to turn, and organics rot in them much more slowly. The optimal height and width of the compost heap is 1–1.5 m, and the length can be any.

When laying compost, I try to grind the components if fertilizer needs to be obtained quickly. I leave unchanged only those components that are needed for drainage.

Microorganisms that decompose organic matter require oxygen. Without it, they are not active. To ensure the access of oxygen to all layers of the compost, you need to turn it more often.

To speed up all processes in dry weather, it is recommended to water the pile once a week, and in very rainy weather, cover the compost with a film. It is convenient to lay grass and other components in a box made specifically for this purpose.

Putting compost in a special box accelerates the decomposition of organic matter

How to make a compost heap rot faster - video

Special industrial preparations help accelerate the maturation of compost several times. In the absence of the possibility of using ready-made means of industrial production, you can try folk methods accelerate the decomposition of organic matter.

Any garden or garden soil needs regular feeding. Own compost provides plant nutrition with environmentally friendly organic fertilizer that does not require costs. Special knowledge and skills for harvesting humus are not required, and the benefits for the garden are very tangible.

Homemade compost is an excellent source of organic nutrients. Compost is a product of the processing of organic material (waste) under the influence of a specific microclimate and microorganisms.

Many gardeners prefer to prepare the compost on their own, as this not only saves time and money, but also reduces the amount of hassle, which is always enough on the site. In order to understand from what and how to make fertilizer correctly, it is important to understand how the procedure for its formation takes place. In fact, composting is a natural process of decomposition of organic waste. In the process of fermentation, a fertile loose composition is obtained, which is suitable for any soil. The most common way to make compost with your own hands is to collect leftovers from the kitchen and organic garbage in one pile. After that, bacteria begin to work, which will process "yesterday's" borscht and fallen leaves into humus. As a rule, you can prepare compost in different ways, however, the whole process comes down to using the aerobic or anaerobic method.

Self-made humus is more profitable and healthier than a purchased mixture of unknown ingredients and brings a lot of benefits.

What is the benefit of making compost in the country?

Compost is considered one of the best fertilizers, which, when applied to the soil, fills it with a huge amount of trace elements.

Compost is the cheapest and most practical means for proper soil structuring, as it increases moisture conservation and creates loosening necessary for all plants.

Spreading compost over the surface of the soil creates the best organic mulch that will conserve moisture and inhibit the growth of many weeds in the area.

Composting in a summer cottage is a very useful process, as well as a significant contribution to the development and environmental protection. Not a single mineral fertilizer can be compared with high-quality compost, and a properly formed pit in which organic components rot can become a real incubator beneficial bacteria and microorganisms.

Composting significantly reduces your physical effort, since now you do not need to take out a good part of the garbage from the territory of your summer cottage, everything can simply be placed in a special pit.

The use of a compost pit reduces the time and effort to remove a large part of the garbage (tops, plants, wood waste, etc.) from the summer cottage
Compost is an affordable way to increase physical properties soil (structuring), as well as organic fertilizer
The uniform distribution of humus on the surface of the garden ensures moisture retention and inhibits the growth of weeds
Preparation of humus in the country natural process, in which organic waste is disposed of, fertilizer is prepared and the environment is not harmed

What can be put in compost?

cut grass;
foliage that falls in autumn;
droppings of cattle and birds;
peat residues;
tea leaves and coffee;
egg shells, provided that they have not undergone heat treatment;
peel and remains of raw vegetables and fruits;
thin branches;
straw, sawdust and shells from seeds;
shredded paper or cardboard.

What not to put in compost:

vegetable peel after boiling or frying;
diseased leaves and branches;
weed plants;
citrus peel;

Thus, compost waste is divided into two types: nitrogenous (manure and bird droppings, grass, raw vegetables and fruits) and carbonaceous (fallen leaves, sawdust, finely shredded paper or cardboard).

When making your own compost heap, it is important to stick to a 5:1 ratio, i.e. most of it consists of brown components, which are the basis for feeding beneficial bacteria. One part of the pile is green waste. To speed up the process, shredded paper, corn and sunflower shoots, sawdust, dry leaves and grass are used as brown components.

Green components are essential for beneficial microbes, and they decompose quickly. The lack of green part can lead to a lengthening of the time required for composting. If you go too far with the green part, then the pile will smell unpleasantly of ammonia (rotten eggs). The remains of meat and fish products should not be included in the compost in the country, as they take longer to decompose, and there will be an unpleasant smell around.

How to do

The balance of the components is the golden rule at the stage when you are already ready to make garden "gold" in the country with your own hands. A properly stacked pile emits the smell of fertile soil, but if you hear an unpleasant smell, then you need to add brown residues. In order for the process of processing residues to start, the temperature in the center of the pile must reach 60-70 degrees. It should feel warm from it, but if it seems cool to the touch, then you need to add greenery.

Second important rule compost heap - constant humidity. It should be like a damp "rug", but not wet. If you notice that a crust is forming, then you need to add a little water. The aerobic composting process requires a constant supply of oxygen, so the pile must be turned frequently. The more often you turn the compost, the faster the finished fertilizer will ripen. You can properly prepare compost in the country in a fast and slow way. Beginning summer residents usually use the first option.

This requires a special box made of wood or plastic, where all the components will be laid. If there is no box, then you can use a pit with wooden logs.

The main thing is that oxygen can freely flow from above and to the side to the contents. Laying components in layers or at random is up to you.

Consider the option of laying a compost pit in layers:

Rigid materials should be well crushed, while soft materials, such as grass clippings, should be mixed with harder waste. These activities will achieve the optimal degree of looseness of the compost mass.
During the formation of the heap, the thickness of the layer of stacked waste should be 15 cm.
In the course of work, care must be taken not to form thick layers. Since in this case compaction will occur, which in turn will make the material impervious to moisture and air.
Dry raw materials in the preparation of compost should be slightly moistened, but not poured abundantly.
The size of the heap itself has a significant impact on maintaining optimal moisture and temperature indicators in the compost heap. In order for the pile to meet all the necessary requirements, its height should be from 1.2 to 1.5 m, and its length should also be 1.5 m.
Each layer must be sprinkled with lime. When forming a pile of 1.2x1.2 m of this substance, 700 g will be required. In addition to lime, components such as ammonium sulfate and superphosphate will also be needed - 300 g and 150 g, respectively.
An alternative to ammonium sulfate can be bird droppings (4.5 kg of droppings equates to 450 g of ammonium sulfate). When applying these additives, before laying each layer of waste, the soil layer must be loosened by about 1 cm. If desired, a small amount of lime can be replaced with wood ash. This will help to saturate the heap with potassium and reduce its acidity. To improve the quality of the compost and accelerate its maturation, you can water it with liquid manure.
Thus, by adding layers of waste, lime, superphosphate, ammonium sulfate and soil, the pile must be brought to a height of 1.2 m. When the required dimensions are reached, the pile should be covered with soil with a layer of up to 5 cm. her from the rain. To do this, you can use a film, a sheet of plastic or other material. The compost mass must be maintained in a damp state, watering it periodically with water.

Four stages of compost maturation

The first stage is decomposition and fermentation. Its duration is from 3 to 7 days. At this stage, the temperature in the heap increases significantly and reaches 68 °C.
In the second stage, called restructuring, the temperature drops. The reproduction of fungi and the formation of gases also enter the active phase. These processes take place over two weeks.
The third stage is characterized by the formation of new structures. After lowering the temperature level to 20 ° C, worms appear in the mass. The result of their presence is the mixing of mineral and organic substances. As a result of the vital activity of these organisms, humus is formed.
The last fourth stage of maturation begins at the moment when the temperature level of the compost is compared with a given environmental indicator.

Adding an activator - BIOTEL-compost.

Due to the composition of natural microorganisms, the process of compost maturation is effectively accelerated. Processes grass, leaves, food waste into a unique organic fertilizer. The composition is safe for humans, animals and the environment.

Mode of application:

Dilute 2.5 g of the drug (1/2 teaspoon) in 10 liters of water in a watering can and stir until the powder is completely dissolved.

10 liters of the resulting solution are calculated for 50 liters of waste.

Pour the solution over fresh waste and mix thoroughly with a fork.
Turn and mix the compost periodically for better air access.
When the compost heap or bin is full, allow the contents to mature for 6-8 weeks for fertilizer.

As winter approaches, re-treat the contents of an unfilled compost heap or bin, mix, and let mature until spring. 1 pack is for 3000 l. (3 m³) processed waste. Opened packaging should be stored closed in a cool dry place for no more than 6 months.

Compound: bacterial-enzymatic composition, baking powder, moisture absorber, sugar.

Precautionary measures: The product contains exclusively natural bacterial cultures. Wash your hands after use. Do not store the product near drinking water or food.

Compost application

The use of mature compost, if all processes have been done correctly, is already possible after 6-8 weeks. The substance should be crumbly, slightly wet and dark brown in color. If the mixture smells like earth, then the compost is ready. It is possible to prepare and apply fertilizer throughout the year for almost all crops. It is used when planting trees, shrubs and perennials. A little compost does not fit when planting vegetables in the hole.

Compost can be used as fertilizer, biofuel and mulch. As a fertilizer, compost mass is suitable for any plant crops. That is, creating a protective layer for the soil under trees or plants from drying out, weathering, washing out and enriching it with organic substances, which positively affects the development of the root system. In this case, you need to take into account the fact that not completely decomposed compost may contain weed seeds. Therefore, only well-ripened mass should be used.

As a rule, it is embedded in the soil in the autumn and winter, but it is allowed to be introduced into the soil at any other time. The rate of this fertilizer is 5 kg / m 2. The mass is covered with a rake during cultivation.

Compost should not be used as seedling soil, as it contains a high concentration of nutrients. For this purpose, the mass is mixed with sand or earth. Also, this fertilizer is a good biological fuel for greenhouses in which seedlings are grown and plants are maintained.

A thin layer on the surface of the lawn will be an excellent stimulant for the growth of juicy and dense grass, and making compost with your own hands is not difficult at all.

May 13, 2016

Compost is the most common fertilizer among summer residents. Production from improvised raw materials, with the help of bacteria, allows you to use it for the disposal of food waste, as well as for the processing of plant debris, which accumulates in excess in the summer cottage. The only drawback of fertilizer is its preparation time: sometimes it reaches two years, while plants need to be fed regularly. In search of an answer to the question of how to accelerate the maturation of compost, several solutions were found.

mechanical way

This method represents human intervention throughout the entire cooking process.

All materials used for fertilizer are carefully crushed. Branches of trees, bushes, leaves and household waste are exposed to this.
Fresh ingredients are mixed with old raw materials, using it as a starter for faster bacteria work.
Compost heaps are made in small sizes. Usually it is a cube with a side of 1 meter.
Constantly spill the pile with water or liquid waste to warm up the pile. With constant rains, on the contrary, it is covered with a film to prevent washing out of beneficial bacteria.
They dig up a pile several times a season, or pierce it with a stick to the bottom, providing beneficial bacteria with an influx of fresh air.

All these techniques provide an influx of oxygen and accelerate the maturation of the heap, but only for a short time. To stimulate maturation, special microbiological preparations are used, which speed up the process at times.

Means that accelerate the maturation of compost

The accelerator of the maturation process is called an EM preparation. The letters EM stand for effective microorganisms. These are bacteria adapted to live in natural conditions and increase the fertility of the soil.

Biological preparations for EM compost usually contain the following families of microorganisms:

lactic acid bacteria, which accelerate the decomposition processes and contribute to the death of harmful microorganisms;
photosynthetic bacteria that produce nutrients with the participation of sunlight;
yeast, which creates a beneficial environment for dairy microorganisms, produces antiseptic substances that stimulate the creation of hormones and enzymes;
actinomycetes that prevent putrefactive processes and the development of harmful microorganisms;
fermenting fungi that decompose organic matter and prevent soil infections.

EM compost is a quick way to prepare a complete fertilizer using a range of beneficial bacteria that will provide the soil with the necessary beneficial elements, as well as improve its structure, allowing oxygen to reach the roots of the plant.

To dilute the drug, you should carefully study the instructions for it, where it is indicated exact dosage in accordance with the goals. Water is taken cool, 22–25 ° C and molasses, syrup or jam are added, which serve as a breeding ground for microorganisms. The container in which the drug is infused during the day must be clean. The cooking technology does not allow the use of a container in which pesticides or chemicals were stored. EM compost is prepared in two ways, each of which has its own characteristics.

Aerobic cooking method

One of quick ways composting is an aerobic method based on the free flow of air to the compost heap. To do this, choose a flat, not too shaded place in the garden. A pile is built directly on the ground or prepared wooden boxes with non-solid walls. Drainage is laid at the base: large branches of trees, stems of sunflower or Jerusalem artichoke, fragments of bricks or stones are suitable for these purposes. Layers of raw materials for compost are laid on top and left for 10 days. After the expiration of the period, the whole mass is mixed with a pitchfork and watered with an EM preparation diluted with water 1 to 100.

If it is impossible to carry out digging or there is no desire to spend energy on it, then the preparation that produces EM compost is introduced in the process of laying raw materials.

To do this, each laid layer with a thickness of 20–25 cm is shed with a prepared agent. To prepare EM compost in the amount of 1 ton, approximately 1 liter of the drug is required. To protect against atmospheric influence, the pile is covered with a dark film, or, in the case of a box, covered with a lid. Approximate preparation time is 2-3 months.

anaerobic way

This method is so named because of the cooking without free air flow. EM compost is prepared in a hole dug in the ground at a depth of up to half a meter. The raw materials are laid in layers, spilling each with a prepared agent. To improve fermentation, it is recommended to add kitchen waste, lime powder or ash. Each layer is lightly sprinkled with earth.

Having reached the edge of the pit, it is sprinkled with a five-centimeter layer of soil and covered with a black film. This option is considered the most useful, with it all the nutrients released by microorganisms are preserved. Compost preparation time is 3-5 months, depending on the raw materials. With the anaerobic method, some nuances should be remembered: it is recommended to isolate the walls of the pit from the roots of weeds, otherwise, being in a nutrient medium for bacteria, they will quickly fill the entire space of the compost heap, reducing all work to nothing. To avoid this situation, the walls can be laid out with old bricks or slate plates.

When laying compost, one should not rush, the air temperature should warm up to at least 15 ° C.

EM compost involves in its composition a variety of raw materials containing as many nutrients as possible. If a smell of ammonia appeared above the pile, then the proportions of nitrogen and carbon were violated. In this case, you should additionally add sawdust, crushed brown coal, dry straw.

Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages: aerobic EM compost matures faster, it can be produced in much larger volumes than the other. At the same time, under the influence of atmospheric influences, the temperature of the heap is constantly changing, which negatively affects the fermentation and the quality of the fertilizer. The anaerobic method allows the most complete preservation of the nutrients produced by bacteria, but the ready-made EM compost of a silo-like structure causes certain inconveniences in the process of laying it in the ground.

Regardless of the method of obtaining EM, compost has more advantages over the conventional method of preparation. It speeds up the process of fertilizer maturation several times, allowing you to spend 2–3 months on it, rather than 1 year. The quick manufacturing process allows you to save space in your summer cottage by equipping EM compost with one pile instead of three usual ones. The microorganisms involved in the procedure prevent the development of harmful bacteria, which makes the fertilizer safe for fed plants.