Rights and obligations of technical supervision at construction sites. Differences between technical supervision and construction control

During the construction of buildings and structures, expansion or technical re-equipment of enterprises, reconstruction, technical supervision of the customer is mandatory.

Technical supervision provides for control over the compliance of the scope of work, cost, quality of construction and installation works (CEW) with the approved project and summary estimate, building codes and regulations (SNiP), technical specifications (TU), as well as acceptance of these works. The duties of an engineer for technical supervision of construction include taking measures to put the supervised object into operation within the time limits specified in the title list.

Employees of technical supervision are appointed by order of the customer - the developer and are registered by the State Architectural and Construction Control (GASK). Based on the estimated cost of the object, technical supervision can be carried out both by one representative of the customer, and by a group of specialists within the limit provided for by the estimated financial calculations (FFR).

The technical supervision engineer appointed for its implementation is the responsible representative from the customer - the developer, who gives a subscription on a special form. Let us consider in more detail the duties of a technical supervision engineer. Let me explain right away that technical supervision is entitled to be carried out by a specialist who has a construction education and work experience in this specialty of 3 or more years.

Technical supervision workers supervising the construction of facilities on subsiding soils, large-panel construction, in seismic areas, above mine workings must undergo specialized training and have a certificate.

Place an order with the design organization for the design of design and estimate documentation (DED), with its subsequent acceptance according to the act and quality control.

Open financing of the object with the provision of the necessary package of documents.

Conclude a contract (general contract) with a general contracting organization for the performance of construction and installation works in compliance with all legal nuances. The contract must necessarily stipulate the amount of the contract in monetary terms, the construction period, the calendar schedule for the performance of work, broken down by quarters, the schedule for the production of works .

The duties of the technical supervision engineer include the execution of the necessary documents for the allotment of a land plot for the planned construction, the technical supervision must ensure the geodetic breakdown and fixing of the axes, benchmarks in the allotted area and transfer it to the construction company according to the act. The technical supervision engineer must participate in the inspection and accept from the construction organization the axial breakdown of buildings and structures, elevations, the mark of the bottom of the foundations with the execution of the relevant acts.

Provide the construction company with documentation for the demolition of existing buildings in the construction zone, the transfer of communications, permission to demolish green spaces if they fall into the construction zone of the facility.

Issue a permit for the construction period with city services to provide the construction site from city networks with electricity, water supply, provide for a tap Wastewater, gas supply, telephone installation, with the definition of a connection point.

Transfer the approved technical documentation (working drawings and estimates) to the construction company. In addition, the duties of the technical supervision engineer include issuing (on the basis of the provided package of documents) a permit for the performance of work indicating the terms (main construction and installation work and preparatory period work), with a subsequent extension of its validity.

Technical supervision is obliged to conduct daily technical control over the quality of construction, installation and special work in accordance with the approved technical documentation, regulatory documents.

Be present at the acceptance of hidden, special work and only after signing the act for hidden work in a special form, allow the execution of the next type of work according to the technology.

The technical supervision engineer is obliged to check the availability of passports for structures and products supplied by construction industry plants, for mortars and concrete supplied centrally, to require the results of tests in laboratory conditions of control cubes to confirm the design grade of materials laid in the structure.

During the reporting period, the technical supervision engineer is obliged to accept from the contractor the work performed during the month. At the same time, perform measurements of the volumes of these works, check the quality of their implementation. If the work is done with high quality and in accordance with the project, then confirm their completion according to the act of work performed (form - 2) and for payment (certificate in form - 3).

Check the timeliness and correctness of keeping logs for the production of works, concrete, welding, special works. The duties of the technical supervision engineer include making appropriate records in case of violations of the quality of work, deviations from the project and setting deadlines for the elimination of prescriptions.

Check compliance with the requirements, deviations from the project. Monitor the timely implementation of all recommendations entered in the journal of works by representatives of architectural supervision, regulatory authorities.

If necessary, the technical supervision engineer applies to the design organization to agree on changes in the project, replacement of materials, the occurrence of unforeseen work in order to coordinate them with the designers and make adjustments to the design and estimate documentation.

Control the fulfillment of contractual obligations by design and construction firms, impose sanctions stipulated by contracts (agreements).

Participate in the work of the commission for the acceptance of the facility into operation, submit documentation for the equipment supplied by the customer.

During the conservation of the object, participate in the examination and assessment of the technical condition of the objects, drawing up a defective list of works to be performed for the preservation of structures for the period of conservation.

The technical supervision of the customer is obliged to notify the state construction control authorities about emergency situations the state of construction objects and the measures taken to eliminate them.

Technical supervision specialists are responsible for:

Signing acts for the work performed that do not comply with the approved project, the norms of SNiP, TU in the production of construction and installation and special works.
Confirmation to the manufacturer of works of overestimated volumes of work compared to the fact in kind, which leads to a distortion of reporting on the write-off of materials by the materially responsible person of the contractor, an increase in the estimated cost of the facility.
Signing acts that do not correspond to reality for hidden works, their registration retroactively, without being present at the construction site at the time of the work, which may ultimately lead to poor quality of these works.

The technical supervision of the customer is a serious and responsible stage in construction, the quality of the objects under construction and their reliability depend on it. The performance of the supervised object depends on how the representative of the customer will perform the duties of a technical supervision engineer.

A construction supervision engineer is a person who oversees the implementation of all construction and installation work. This employee is one of the leading specialists, reports only to the chief construction engineer.

The duties of an engineer include supervision of workers, monitoring compliance with the rules for the implementation of construction work. Of course, each enterprise has its own specifics, therefore the activities of a supervisory engineer may differ depending on the characteristics of the company and its working facilities.

However, the main responsibilities of this position are:

acceptance of finished objects;
control over the progress of work according to the plan;
tracking the timing of construction and installation works;
quality control of the tools and materials used;
maintaining control documentation, drawings;
supervision of compliance by employees-subordinates with the norms and rules for the performance of work, awareness of safety requirements;
participation in meetings and resolution of issues related to changes in plans, deadlines, introduction of new technologies;
participation in negotiations and events that are aimed at directly reducing the cost of construction, making decisions;
in case of non-compliance with the deadlines for the performance of work, the construction supervision engineer is obliged to take measures to eliminate situations that adversely affect the activities of the organization;
resolving issues that arose at the time of the start of the construction of the facility and are associated with the need for prompt replacement of materials, tools, in some cases with the dismissal and replacement of subordinate employees;
the completion of work also does not pass without the control of the engineer. He is obliged to accept the object and draw up documents that confirm the fact that the building is ready for operation;
the engineer must have a place in the commission for the delivery of objects;
if errors are found in the work at the time of the decision to hand over the object, the specialist appoints measures to eliminate them and monitors the implementation of the order;
maintains reports on the conduct of capital construction;
controls the implementation by employees of the rules on safety and labor protection, the organization of contractor teams;
produces and organizes security measures;
supervises the availability and correctness of drawing up permits for work;
maintains documentation related to the supervision of the loading and unloading of tools, equipment and materials;
is a member of the commission that oversees labor protection in the company;
together with other leaders develops job descriptions by types of work related to construction;
ensures that instructions are available for all positions related to construction;
supervises the performance of official duties according to instructions;
involved in the development of posters and warning symbols related to occupational health and safety;
instructs employees on safety rules together with other managers;
supervises the training of arriving employees;
conducts or facilitates training activities;
controls the timing and rules for the implementation of instructions from supervisory authorities and managers;
reports to management on the status of work at the facilities, working conditions of employees, depending on the goals and types of work, draws up reports for management;
identifies the needs of employees in the field, controls the provision of employees with everything necessary;
collects builders' reports on medical examinations;
reports on accidents at the facilities, investigates them;
controls the performance of diagnostic work related to the serviceability of equipment, inspects objects for violations that may cause an emergency.

Qualification of construction supervision engineers

There are 4 levels of qualification for construction supervision specialists. The supervisory engineer must have a complete higher education in the relevant educational institution. In most cases, such employees are recruited with or without experience.
An engineer of the second category is also required to have a diploma of complete higher education, which corresponds to the direction of training, as well as advanced training. There are no requirements for work experience.
The specialist of the first category is a more qualified specialist. It is distinguished from those listed earlier by the mandatory presence of work experience of at least two years.
Some construction companies have a lead supervising engineer on staff. In addition to higher specialized education, the applicant for the position must have at least two years of experience as an engineer of the first category.

Required employee knowledge

The engineer must have knowledge in the field of drawing up orders, orders, methodological standards, the current regulatory framework necessary for construction. In addition, the specialist is aware of maintaining schedules, compliance with the technical conditions of work, and the prospects for the construction market.
Building codes, rules, knowledge in the field of obsolete, new, imported and domestic materials for the activities of subordinates are mandatory knowledge for an engineer. For leading specialists, it is necessary to know the features of the economy in construction, as well as the norms of labor law.

The duties of technical supervision are determined by the current regulatory documents. When concluding an agreement with the Customer for the implementation of the functions of Construction Control (technical supervision), a list of services provided must be indicated in a separate annex to the agreement.

Based on the tasks facing the Customer during the construction of a particular facility, a list of control measures is determined. In the terms of reference it is fixed what is included in the duties of technical supervision.

The duties of technical supervision can be grouped depending on the stage of construction of the facility.

Stage 1. Preparation for construction

At the initial stage of construction work, technical supervision, first of all, performs incoming control of design estimates (working) documentation. The task of controlling project documentation is to ensure the information content and sufficiency of design solutions for the performance of work, to comply with regulatory requirements in construction.

At this stage:

The economic efficiency of the building materials and structures included in the project is checked.
Errors and defects in design and estimate documentation are revealed. If any are found, the design organization is sent an order to make the necessary corrections and control over their elimination is carried out.

An important task is to control the implementation of the geodetic staking basis at the construction site. The accuracy of the main geometric parameters of the future building depends on the quality of its implementation. The readiness of contracting construction and installation organizations to carry out work at the construction site, the professional composition and the level of technical equipment are also checked.

Stage 2. Execution of construction and installation works

The most critical stage of the construction of the facility, namely the production of construction and installation works, forms the basis for the range of tasks and duties of technical supervision. Mainly:

1.
Control over the implementation of construction and installation works and their compliance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documents and design solutions.

2.
Quality control of the materials and structures used, their storage conditions.

In order to ensure the conformity of the quality of the building materials used, SEVERIN DEVELOPMENT technical supervision engineers check the documents confirming:

quality of products, designs;
quality of engineering and technological equipment: certificates, technical data sheets, laboratory test results, etc.

Control of geodetic works during construction on the object as a whole and on individual structural elements ensures compliance of the work performed with the approved design solutions. At the same time, quality control of work is carried out using visual and instrumental methods.

A necessary element of control is the verification of the results of laboratory tests performed by contractors, with the implementation of duplicating instrumental control by non-destructive methods. Constant informing the Customer about the progress and quality of work performed by contractors gives a real picture of the pace and quality of construction.

An important duty of technical supervision is the examination of hidden works with the preparation of the necessary documentation, the intermediate acceptance of the critical structures of the construction object together with contractors and design organizations. At the same time, SEVERIN DEVELOPMENT technical supervision employees ensure compliance with the ban on subsequent work without issuing acts for hidden work.

Specialists exercising technical supervision monitor the implementation of architectural supervision by representatives of design organizations, control the fulfillment by contracting organizations of the instructions of state construction control bodies and representatives of architectural supervision regarding the quality of work or materials, products, equipment used.

If necessary, contracting construction organizations are issued instructions to eliminate inconsistencies with the requirements of project documentation and normative documents if they are found. Ensuring the elimination of imperfections and defects identified during the examination of certain types of work, structural elements or specified in the instructions is the responsibility of technical supervision.

As part of the technical supervision, the existence and maintenance by contractors of work logs, executive schemes, and other executive documentation are checked and controlled. The duties of technical supervision also include control over the introduction of changes to the project documentation in connection with its identified defects or comments of contractors that arose during the construction and installation works.

An integral part of construction supervision is the coordination of the activities of the quality control services of contractors involved in the construction of the facility.

Also, the technical supervision of construction controls the confirmation of the scope of work performed by contractors, their compliance with design estimates and the requirements of regulatory documents.

According to legal documents, the duty of technical supervision is to notify the state building control authorities of cases of an emergency condition at the construction site, informing the customer and state control authorities about the suspension or termination of technical supervision over the construction of the facility for any reason.

Stage 3. Delivery of the object of the acceptance committee

At the final stage of construction, the technical supervision service, together with representatives of contracting installation organizations, checks the operability of technological, engineering equipment and completes the entire cycle of commissioning work at the facility. The acceptance of as-built documentation from contractors is carried out, the completeness of the documentation, which is attached to the act of the acceptance committee, is checked.

Employees of SEVERIN DEVELOPMENT technical supervision take part in the acceptance by the Customer of the completed facility from contracting construction organizations and in preparation for its commissioning, take part in the work of the working and state acceptance commissions.

Often the actions of unprofessional workers and the use of cheap building materials lead to disastrous results. After repairs, the property owner discovers cracks and defects in the walls, leaks in pipes or curvature of the floors. Serious shortcomings can even cause collapsed buildings. To prevent possible problems technical supervision is carried out with housing.

The concept of technical supervision

The main purpose of technical supervision is to ensure the accurate execution of design construction solutions and to verify the use of structures, equipment, building and finishing materials approved in the design documentation. Technical supervision controls not only the quality of work. In the course of the activities, issues of compliance with the deadlines, costs and volumes of construction work should be resolved. It should be borne in mind that technical supervision specialists should be independent of the contracting organization.

Construction supervision does not only apply to residential properties. In the construction of public, industrial buildings and structures, control is no less important.

For legal entities, a contract for the implementation of technical supervision is necessary to obtain a building permit. The construction control service organized by the customer includes technical specialists. The presence of a technical supervision expert in the customer's staff is justified not only by more demanding quality control of construction work, but also by the absence of problems with signing acceptance certificates for work performed at the stage of putting the property into operation.

Depending on the requirements of the customer, technical supervision workers can be at the construction site permanently or arrive at the end of each of the construction stages, providing one-time consulting services. It should be borne in mind that although the technical supervision officer is not responsible for errors in the design and technical documentation, he can notice them in time and stop the construction.

Types of technical supervision in construction

Types of technical supervision held on the territory Russian Federation:

State construction supervision;
Administrative and technical supervision;
Financial control.

State technical supervision controls the compliance of works performed by construction companies with the approved requirements of technical regulations and project documentation. The inspection is carried out during construction works, reconstruction and overhaul of key real estate objects. In this case, the project documentation is subject to mandatory state expertise. Otherwise, it is considered a project at the development stage or its modification. Residential properties less than three stories high and properties that do not require permits are exceptions to this rule. This service is also not carried out for structures with a height of less than two floors, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich does not exceed 1500 square meters.

Administrative and technical supervision involves monitoring the implementation of absolutely all standards and norms in the construction process. First of all, this concerns a comprehensive assessment of the entire repair process, starting from the level of its safety and ending with a detailed analysis of estimates. As a result, it is possible to optimize all costs and determine the actual timing of the planned construction work.

Financial technical supervision means exercising effective control over spending Money customer. This type supervision begins from the first days of the project and continues until its final completion, which is accompanied by the commissioning of a particular property.

Functions and tasks of building control

Main functions and tasks of construction control are as follows:

Cost reduction, which consists in tracking the volume of construction work that is presented for payment. This is a kind of control over compliance with the budget. Competent actions of specialists can reduce up to 20% of the estimated cost;
Improving the quality of work by monitoring the use of declared technologies, as well as compliance with rules and regulations;
Quality control of the materials used, along with verification of certificates, laboratory testing of samples and monitoring compliance with warehousing rules;
Control of the correctness of the execution of construction documentation, which facilitates the search for violations in construction technologies and the subsequent operation of the property;
Monitoring compliance with deadlines at all stages of construction. This item includes eliminating the backlog from the calendar plan and monitoring the implementation of the guaranteed delivery of the property on time by 99%.

Who is supervising?

The number of legal entities that can be involved in the implementation of technical supervision is quite large. The main representatives of construction control enterprises are state supervisory authorities. They can be municipal, as well as relate to other subjects of the Russian Federation. Local authorities have the right to allow the organization of construction work, as well as the subsequent operation of the finished property. They are involved in supervision at the stage of acceptance of the finished structure.

State organizations who have the right to exercise construction supervision:

Rospotrebnadzor;
Inspectorate that carries out environmental control;
Rostechnadzor.

Other organizations who have the right to carry out technical supervision during construction:

Specialized organizations that have the approval of the SRO (Self-Regulatory Organization). First of all, they are involved in work on technically complex and fairly large facilities. These firms work under a contract that is concluded with the customer;
The company of the project developer in case of architectural supervision;
The customer himself or his official representative;
Authorized employees of the contractor's organization who are responsible for the construction.

Control procedure

The customer or a person who acts in his interests organizes technical supervision in accordance with the provisions of the set of rules No. 48.13330.2011 (clause 7.3) .

General procedure for technical supervision during construction:

Employees of the control group determine the tasks of the upcoming work;
The formation working group. It includes specialists in specialized education who are directly related to construction. Usually these are electricians and specialists in other LSS with at least 5 years of work experience in their specialty. The group also necessarily includes a financier who analyzes the estimates;
Control of construction activities is carried out with a visit to the site. Their frequency and duration are prescribed in the relevant contract. The conditions are determined by the complexity and scale of construction work at the facility. Visits must be carried out at least once a month;
Compilation of reporting documentation on the conducted control measure is carried out.

In the technical supervision documentation, all identified violations must be indicated with an indication of the violated standards, snapshots of completed construction works, diagrams and graphs that illustrate the construction features, as well as cost estimates are included.

During construction work, representatives of the technical supervision service are required to keep the appropriate "Journal". This document stored on the object. Employees of the control group are also required to sign acts that are drawn up upon the completion of repair work.

compliance with regulatory requirements and adopted design decisions;
compliance with the contractual (estimated) cost of construction;
building quality assurance.

In carrying out its activities, the technical supervision of construction is guided by design solutions,
standards and requirements of current regulatory documents, the Customer's task.

Compliance with design decisions and ensuring the quality of construction

The functions of technical supervision in construction begin with the verification of design estimates developed by design organizations. If at this stage any deviations from the current standards or errors in the adopted design decisions are found, the working drawings do not correspond to the materials of the “Project” stage, the necessary changes are made to the design documentation at the request of technical supervision in the prescribed manner.

Prior to the start of construction, technical supervision representatives check that contractors have general and special work logs, work projects prepared by them, and the availability of the necessary permits from local authorities.

In the course of construction and installation works, technical supervision employees constantly monitor the compliance of working documentation, compliance with the work production technology. At the same time, the requirements of regulatory documents for the implementation of installation, general construction and special types of work are taken into account.

Of great importance for ensuring the quality of construction is the quality control of geodetic works performed by contractors.

The functions of technical supervision include quality control of the structures, materials, products and equipment used. The presence of quality certificates for building materials is checked, if necessary, laboratory tests of samples are carried out, non-destructive methods of control and diagnostics are applied. Employees of technical supervision constantly monitor compliance with the rules for warehousing building materials and products, their storage conditions.

The competence of technical supervision includes control over the quality and timely fulfillment by contractors of the instructions and requirements of state architectural and construction control bodies, employees of architectural and technical supervision. These requirements are entered in the general and special journals of works, the author's supervision journal, and are contained in the instructions of the supervisory authorities.

Ensuring the timing and cost of construction

One of the main functions of technical supervision in construction is to control the contractual deadlines for the implementation of construction and installation works by contractors. This ensures the timely completion of all construction, installation and commissioning works at the construction site, the commissioning of this facility within a predetermined period. At the same time, compliance with the technology for performing certain types of work, the timing of the necessary technological breaks between certain types of work, and the consistent completion of individual stages of construction are continuously monitored.

If a delay is detected from the work schedule, technical supervision representatives give an order to the contracting construction organization to eliminate the backlog and inform the Customer about this.

Compliance with the contractual terms of construction is facilitated by the intermediate acceptance of individual structural elements of buildings and structures, which is carried out with the participation of representatives of design and contractor organizations.

During the construction of the facility, construction supervision regularly monitors the volumes of construction and installation works performed by contractors, their compliance with design and estimate documentation, which makes it possible to ensure strict control and compliance with the construction budget.

Acceptance of the building into operation

At the final stage of construction, the main function of technical supervision is the acceptance of executive, production documentation from contracting construction and installation organizations, checking the correctness of its execution and completeness.

At industrial facilities, technical supervision of construction controls the progress of commissioning, the performance of process equipment with the release of a trial batch of finished products.

Representatives of technical supervision take part in the work of the state acceptance commission or working commission, draw up a defective statement based on the results of the work of the commission and control the elimination of identified defects and shortcomings.