The verbs be and have. The verb to have (to have, to possess) in English

Favorites

The verb to have (to have, to possess) in English

Add to favorites

Verb to have- one of the main verbs of the English language, which can be both semantic and auxiliary. as a semantic verb have conveys his lexical meaning"to have, to possess, to possess." As an auxiliary, it is part of various temporary forms, while losing its meaning.

In the proposal below have is a semantic verb, that is, it conveys its meaning "to have":

I have two children. — I have two children (I have two children).

In the next sentence have is an auxiliary verb, as it is part of the present perfect tense ( Present Perfect) and does not convey its lexical meaning:

I have read the book. - I read the book.

Consider to have as a semantic verb with the meaning "to have, possess, own".

Forms of the verb to have in the present simple tense (in Present Simple)

In present simple tense to have has 2 forms: have / has

have- used with all persons except 3 l. units h.
has- used only with persons 3 l. units h. (he, she, it)

affirmative forms

I have- I have
We have- we have
You have- you have (you have)
They have- they have
He has- he has
She has- she has
It has- it has

He has a big house in London. He has a big house in London (He has a big house in London).
They have a nice flat . They have a good apartment (They have a good apartment).

I have got- I have
We have got- we have
You have got- you have (you have)
They have got- they have
He has got- he has
She has got- she has
It has got- it has

I have got a new car. - I have new car(I have a new car).
He has got two children. He has two children (He has two children).

Negative and interrogative forms

Negative and interrogative sentences are formed using an auxiliary verb do / does(for 3 l. units - he, she, it). To form a negation, you need to put a particle not after the auxiliary verb do / does. Short forms are often used in negation:

do not have = don't have
does not have = doesn't have

To form questions do / does is placed at the beginning of the sentence, that is, it is placed before the subject. Please note that in negatives, as well as in questions, it is not used has, since 3 l. unit transmitted using does.

I don't have/ Do I have? - Yes, I do / No, I don't.
We don't have/ Do we have? - Yes, we do / No, we don't.
you don't have/ Do you have? - Yes, you do / No, you don't.
They don't have/ Do they have? - Yes, they do / No, they don't.
He doesn't have/ Does he have? - Yes, he does / No, he doesn't.
She doesn't have/ Does she have? - Yes, she does / No, she doesn't.
It doesn't have/ Does it have? - Yes, it does / No, it doesn't.

Interrogative and negative sentences with have got

have + not + got = haven't got(short form)
has + not + got = hasn't got(short form)

To form questions have or has are brought forward, that is, placed before the subject.

I haven't got / Have I got? - Yes, I have / No, I haven't.
We haven't got / Have we got? - Yes, we have / No, we haven't.
you haven't got / Have you got? - Yes, you have / No, you haven't.
They haven't got / Have they got? - Yes, they have / No, they haven't.
He hasn't got / Has he got? - Yes, he has / No, he hasn't.
She hasn't got / Has she got? - Yes, she has / No, she hasn’t.
It hasn't got / Has it got? - Yes, it has / No, it hasn’t.

I don't have a car. = I haven't got a car. — I don't have a car (I don't have a car).
She doesn't have a car. = She hasn't got a car. She doesn't have a car (She doesn't have a car).
Do you have a car? = Have you got a car? - Do you have a car? (Do you have a car?)
Does she have a car? = Has she got a car? - Does she have a car? (Does she have a car?)

It should also be noted that the use of auxiliary verbs do/ does characteristic of American English. In British English, turnover is more common. have got / has got, but you can also hear: Have you a car? I haven't a car. This is also true, but it is used extremely rarely and sounds a bit old-fashioned.

Quick jump:

Verb " to have» is the second most common verb in English. It can act as an independent verb (semantic) and as an auxiliary (to form " the Perfect Tense"), as well as a modal verb. Matter " have », « own », « have ».

Conjugation forms of the verb "to have"

Interrogative and negative forms of the verb " to have» are built according to the rule of the verb « to be »:

I have a book.

Have I a book?

I have not a book.

In a negative sentence after a verb to have can be a word no .

I have no pencil.
I don't have a pencil.

Had no friends.
He didn't have any friends.

The verb "to have" as a modal verb

In this case the verb to have(have to, need) is used in combination with the infinitive of the semantic verb and means the need to perform an action, since this is required (required) by circumstances. The infinitive after the verb is with a particle to .

I shall have to return the books to the library before my summer holidays.
I will have to return the books to the library before the summer holidays.
(This must be done, as the rules of the library require it, and I will do it.)

It became dark in the room, and he had to switch on the light because he wanted to read.
The room became very dark and he had to turn on the light because he wanted to read.
(It was necessary to turn on the light, for otherwise he could not read, and he turned it on.)

"What"s that telegramme about?" Mary asked... "I"m afraid it means I shall have to go back to town at once."
"What is this telegram about?" Mary asked. "I'm afraid that means I'll have to return to the city immediately."

I didn't save a penny last year and so I had to come here for the summer.
I didn't save a penny last year, so I had to come here for the summer.

Verb to have in modal use forms a negative and interrogative form only with an auxiliary verb to do .

I don't have to go there.
I don't need to go there.

Did not have to ask them for help.
He didn't have to ask them for help.

2) Differences between British and American usage.

a) In British English have used mainly to describe repetitive actions; In the American version, there is no such restriction.

Do you often have meetings?(British and American)
Do you have frequent meetings?

Have you got a meeting today?(brit.)
Do you have a meeting today?

Do you have a meeting today?(Amer.)
Do you have a meeting today?

b) In British English (formal style) have can sometimes form questions and negatives as an auxiliary verb. in the American English questions and denials with have formed according to the general model.

He does not deny that astrology may contain the truth,
but he realizes that men have not knowledge enough to find it.
He does not deny that there may be truth in astrology,
but he is aware that mankind does not have enough knowledge to discover it.

Have you her photograph?(brit.)
Do you have her photo?

c) Only British English uses abbreviated forms have .

But I "ve some news for you first.(brit.)
But first, I have news for you.

d) In colloquial American English, it is possible to omit " ve(but not " s) before got .

I got something to tell you.(Amer.)
I want to tell you something.

She's got something to tell you.
She wants to tell you something.

e) In American English, especially with a short answer ( short answers) and in the split question ( Tag question), mixing of forms is possible have and have got. So, in the example below, in the first part of the question, the verb is used have got, and in the second part - an auxiliary verb do corresponding to the verb have .

I don't think we've got any choice, do we?(amer.).
I don't think we have a choice.

Set expressions with the verb "to have"

The verb to have can be part of set phrases:

to have breakfast (dinner, supper)

I had breakfast (dinner, supper) very late.
I had breakfast (lunch, dinner) very late.

to have a walk

We had a walk in the park.
We were walking in the park.

to have a rest

She had a rest at the rest home.
She was resting in a rest home.

to have a headache (toothache)

I had a headache (toothache).
I had a headache (a toothache).

to have a joke

I like to have a joke.
I love to joke.

to have a bath

He had a bath and went to bed.
He took a bath and went to bed.

The interrogative and negative forms in this case are formed using the auxiliary verb to do .

Not had a rest in summer.
He rested in the summer.

Did he have a rest in summer?
Did he vacation in the summer?

He didn't have a rest in summer.
He did not rest in the summer.

The verb "to have" (to have) in English

Verb " to have"(own) in English is used in quite different situations and can be translated into Russian in different ways. In this article, you will learn the main situations when this verb is used. You will also learn about the verb " have got", which also means "to own".

verb to have

• To have - the main verb used to indicate ownership (property) of something (not only material), the properties of something (or its characteristics), kinship or connection, for example, the quality of one thing in relation to another:

I have a cat. → U Eat me cat.
I have a lot of free time these days. → Now at Eat me) a lot of free time.

Dmitry has a sister in France. → Dmitry there is sister in France.

He has three books by Hemingway. → He It has/U eat it three books by Hemingway.
She has fair hair. → She has blonde hair.

• Verb " to have" is also used to refer to a large number of actions, here are some of them (the main thing is to understand the meaning, not to be scared and think "how to translate this"):

have a bath, wash, shower, etc → take a bath (lie in it), do laundry, take a shower (under running water), etc.
have → have breakfast, lunch, dinner.

have fun → have fun, "have fun".
have time available → have time for something.

have questions → have a question.
have a party → have a party.

have a walk, hike, ride, etc. → walking, hiking, riding, etc.
have a discussion, fight, argument, etc. → discuss, fight, approve...

Examples:

I usually have breakfast at seven o'clock. → Usually, I having breakfast at seven o'clock.

Anna is having a bath at the moment (time). → Anna now taking a bath.

• Used as . It is easy to identify by the design " have to". Here he expresses the requirement to perform some routine action (but not always). Often it is used by native speakers, as an action that carries a responsibility, duty .

This form " have"also has a similar meaning to the modal verb" must"- in a conversation about duties, native speakers prefer to use it (for example: I must talk to Peter. It’s important). "

Verb " must"used when they want to say about very serious for the speaker(or if it is customary to consider them as such) duties (for example: I must feed my family).

A few examples:

They have to work hard on Saturdays (routine for them). → On Saturdays they must Hard to work.
I have to return books to the school library. → I must return books to the school library.

I must be rich (very important for the speaker). → I must to be rich.
I must defend my homeland. → I must defend your homeland.

verb have got

• verb "have got" more characteristic of British English. It also serves to indicate the possession (property) of something (not only material), the property of something (or its characteristics), kinship or connection. For example:

He has got some friends in London. → He has some friends in London

Anna has got three sisters. → Anna has three sisters.

I have got a new car. → I have new car.

Americans also sometimes use " have got"but more often" have gotten" or simply " (to) have" (consider it analogous/synonymous - it's easier that way).

I had a copy of that book. (). → I had copy of that book.

I have got a copy of that book. (). → I have copy of that book.

• The penultimate significant difference is the reduction. Verb " have" has no abbreviations, for example, you cannot say "I've a red bicycle" only "I have a red bicycle". have got"on the contrary, has abbreviations (in affirmation and negation):

I' ve got a red bicycle (I have got a red bicycle). → I have Red bicycle.

She hasn't got a dog (she has not got a dog). → She has no dog.

• And the last main difference, where confusion often arises, is the negative and interrogative constructions of these two verbs.

You can see these differences in the picture below. I'll just say that have got" does not need help (in this case, "do", because I remind you that "have got" is used in the present simple (Present Simple))

Is a verb tohave. This is due to the variety of its functions and applications. So, it can play the role of a semantic verb with the meaning of possession, an auxiliary verb for a number of temporary forms, a modal verb with the particle to, and is also found in in large numbers set expressions.

Meaning of the verb to have

The main meaning of this verb is “to have, to possess, to possess”, however, for translation into Russian, a more typical wording is often the structure “… (someone) has…”, for example:

In this sense, the verb tohave often replaced by an alternative construct with the same meaning − have got:

Grammatical forms of the verb to have

Since the verb to have is widespread in the English language, a strong mastery of its grammatical forms is one of the most important conditions for successful learning of the English language. This verb has two forms in present simple tense ():

Quite common cuts, in which the verb is combined with the preceding pronoun:

AT past simple tense() this verb has only one form - had:

Subject to compulsory learning three main forms the verb to have, since it belongs to the group of irregular verbs:

Consider examples of sentences with the verb to have in various tense forms:

The verb to have and the construction have got - similarities and differences

Both the have verb and the have got construction can be used when it comes to possession of something, family ties and diseases.

In negative sentences are used, respectively don't have and haven't got.

The interrogative form is built using the removal of the auxiliary verb do (does) or have, respectively, in place before the subject. The short answer uses an auxiliary verb, got not used in the short answer.

In stable expressions with have, such as have a look (see), have breakfast (have breakfast), etc., got not used.

Set expressions with the verb to have

Quite often there are set expressions of the “have + noun” format, the meaning of which actually duplicates the meaning of a verb with the same root noun, for example:

to have a rest = to rest = to rest

Usually, in such alternative cases, the use of the "have + noun" construction is preferable, especially when it comes to a short-term process. Here are some more examples of this design:

In addition to the above, there are a number of other set expressions with the verb to have, which do not have verbal analogues:

Have in the auxiliary verb function

The verb to have in the auxiliary verb function is used to form the Perfect and Perfect Continuous tenses, for example:

• The verb to have (to have something) in English
• Usage rules, affirmative and negative forms of the verb
• Example sentences with the verb to have (has)

The verb ‘to have’ or ‘ ’ is one of the most widely used verbs in the English language: there are so many phrases based on this verb. Consider the main forms of to have in the present tense, the cases of its use and the most common phrases with it.

Present tense forms of the verbto have/ have got

Interrogative form and short answers: Do you (him, her, them, us, etc.) have? Not really

Uses of the verbto have/ have got:

Case 1. To indicate belonging

I "ve got a car.

I have a car.

She has a house.

She has a home.

They haven't got a job.

They don't have a job.

Case 2. To denote relationships between people:

She's got two sisters.

She has 2 sisters.

Do you have a brother or a sister?

Do you have a brother or sister?

Set phrases with a verbto have(but NOT withhave got)