Cardiolipin antigen for microprecipitation reaction (RMP) - description of the drug, instructions for use, reviews. Nonspecific serological diagnosis of syphilis Precipitation microreaction with cardiolipin antigen (rmp) Composition and form of release
Last update of the description by the manufacturer 31.07.1996
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Composition and form of release
A set of 5 ampoules of cardiolipin antigen containing 2 ml of the drug, and one bottle of choline chloride solution containing 5 ml of the drug; in the package 2 sets. 1 set is designed for 200-240 definitions.
Characteristic
A solution of three highly purified lipids: cardiolipin, lecithin, cholesterol in absolute ethyl alcohol. Transparent colorless solution with a specific smell of alcohol.
pharmachologic effect
pharmachologic effect— diagnostic.Detection of antibodies to the causative agent of syphilis.
Indications for cardiolipin antigen for microprecipitation reaction (RMP)
Diagnosis of syphilis (study of active plasma or inactivated serum in the microprecipitation reaction).
Storage conditions Cardiolipin antigen for microprecipitation reaction (RMP)
In a place protected from light, at a temperature of 6-22 ° C.Keep out of the reach of children.
Shelf life Cardiolipin antigen for microprecipitation reaction (RMP)
1 year.Do not use after the expiry date stated on the packaging.
Price: on request
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Blood test for RMP - what is it? What does this abbreviation mean? How complete is this analysis for diagnosing syphilis?
How is syphilis diagnosed?
The causative agent of syphilis or pale treponema produces several types of aggressive proteins alien to humans, which are called antigens. It is a protein antigen that is well recognized immune system, a polysaccharide antigen that is not used in diagnostics and a very important lipid antigen. It is this substance that has a significant similarity with phospholipids, which are part of the membranes of human cells.
This antigen makes up about 30% of the entire mass of the causative agent of syphilis, and it is to him that at the beginning of the second month after infection, special antibodies are produced, which are called reagins. Looking ahead, we can say that it is this similarity of the antigen with the phospholipids of human membranes that causes possible false positive reactions, especially if the patient has an autoimmune pathology, the so-called antiphospholipid syndrome.
Diagnosis of syphilis is based on two large groups of methods. In the first case, the pathogen is directly looked for under a microscope, the object of study is various discharges - from ulcers, erosions, from the bottom of the gum, from the elements of the rash. Secondly, it detects antibodies that appear in the patient's serum or plasma to the aforementioned antigens.
At the same time, serological diagnostic methods (from Latin serum - serum) diagnostics are divided into two groups. In the first of them, specific treponemal antigens are used, which are obtained from pure cultures of syphilitic microorganisms. And non-specific serological reactions use similar antigens, but only obtained not from pathogens and similar to them - the so-called cardiolipin antigen, which is obtained from bovine hearts. It is very similar to the lipid antigen of the causative agent of syphilis and can "provoke" an immune response if antibodies are present in the patient's blood.
These non-treponemal tests (in which the reagents are not "real") do not require expensive specific antigens, so they are cheap, readily available, and fast. Their purpose is screening, primary research or screening reactions. Such non-treponemal tests include the microprecipitation reaction or RMP.
In order to definitively establish the diagnosis of some non-treponemal tests, it is not enough. If the patient has a positive response, then the entire arsenal of research for syphilis is applied - from and ending with special methods research is a passive hemagglutination reaction, and the immunoblot method. These also include indirect immunofluorescence methods, as well as the treponema immobilization reaction.
The last two methods are used by specialists in specialized institutions, since not a substance from a bovine heart is already used as an antigen, but live syphilitic microorganisms specially grown in rabbits for this purpose. Let us consider in more detail what a microprecipitation or microreaction reaction is.
Microreaction blood test - what is it?
In Runet there is a large number of requests, the meaning of which boils down to the following: RMP blood test - what is it? Let's answer the question. The precipitation reaction is used not only for the study of syphilis, it has served microbiology and immunology for many decades. Translated from Latin, this means - precipitation reaction.
During the study, antigens are mixed, which are introduced into the solution in advance. In this case, we are talking about cardiolipin antigen. Then the blood serum taken from the patient is added to this solution. And if in this blood there are antibodies that have developed to a similar antigen of the causative agent of syphilis, then they “like a key to a lock” will approach the active centers of the antigen molecules. As a result, large interconnected structures of immune complexes appear, which are called precipitates. These are antigen molecules "hung with" antibodies. They are larger and heavier, and as a result, either clouding of clear solutions or precipitation will be noticeable.
In a specific case, when conducting a microprecipitation reaction for syphilis, the appearance of white flakes is noticeable. There are a wide variety of types of precipitation reactions that can be carried out not only in a test tube, but also in a semi-liquid gel, in various nutrient media, and in other ways.
RPR - modification
Also in modern laboratories, you can come across another similar name - the RPR test. This is already a modern modification of precipitation, in which fast plasma reagins are found. Such reagents are called antibodies belonging to the classes of immunoglobulins G and M.
It is the RPR test (its second name is the nonspecific antiphospholipid or reagin test) that is recommended by order of the Ministry of Health Russian Federation for screening or primary testing for syphilis. Therefore, if you have a choice: to do RMP or perform RPR, then it is better to decide in favor of the second method.
RPR - research method allows you to identify almost 80% of individuals with the course of primary infection and almost 100% of individuals who suffer from secondary syphilis or latent (latent) forms. RPR - the reaction is able to detect syphilis as early as 7 days after the onset of primary syphiloma, for example, hard chancre. This can usually be done a month after infection.
Indications for research and rules for blood sampling
How to donate blood for RMP - a study for syphilis? How to prepare for research? As with most blood donations, no special preparations are required for the patient. The most important thing is that the blood is taken on an empty stomach, which is usually done early in the morning. In the event that this rule cannot be observed, then blood can be donated 4 hours after a light meal. Drinking liquids is allowed as long as it is clean, non-carbonated and not mineral water. All other types of liquids, such as juices, coffee and tea, are undesirable in order to avoid false reactions.
The microprecipitation reaction is shown, and its more perfect analogue RPR, with the primary suspicion of syphilis. Also, these reactions are required for carrying out, first of all, for the diagnosis of latent syphilis. As a screening method, these tests are used to examine donors and simply during the initial visit. It must be emphasized that the positive value of these tests is by no means equivalent to the diagnosis of syphilis, because the antigen used was not syphilitic, but simply “similar”. These results must be confirmed by treponemal tests or other means. modern diagnostics, for example .
Interpretation and interpretation of results
Deciphering a blood test for bladder cancer involves issuing not a quantitative, but a qualitative result: “positive” or “negative” - antibodies are detected or not detected.
In the case of primary syphilis, this reaction can already be positive in 60% of cases and above. In the case of secondary syphilis, when there are many antibodies in the body, the reaction becomes reliably one hundred percent. If syphilis is latent or latent, but for quite a long time, then the microprecipitation reaction will be reliable in 80% of cases.
With tertiary syphilis, the range of values \u200b\u200bmay fluctuate - from 37% to 94%. After all, if syphilis lasts a very long time, literally years, then antibodies different reasons may disappear from the blood, or cease to be produced.
Since the microprecipitation reaction is a screening method, the following very important circumstance must be taken into account. This reaction is manifested by the formation of immune complexes-precipitates only if the antibodies and antigen are in strict proportions in the blood, there should be just enough of them so that the antibodies completely bind to the entire amount of the antigen and there is no excess in the solution of any of the reagents.
If there are significantly more antibodies, then the reaction may not occur at all. This phenomenon became known in the study of congenital syphilis. Babies with a congenital infection have so many antibodies in their blood that the reaction just doesn't happen.
That is why the interpretation of the results of bladder cancer in infants should be approached very carefully.
What diseases can cause false positive results? Their list is quite large:
- systemic connective tissue diseases and rheumatic lesions;
- pregnancy (rare);
- gout and hyperuricemia;
- chronic alcoholism;
- diabetes;
- because mycobacteria and treponema pallidum have similar antigens;
- intravenous drug addiction;
- lymphocytic angina or;
- other viral and bacterial infections ( viral hepatitis or enteroviral diarrhea, scarlet fever, measles);
- viral or bacterial pneumonia;
- autoimmune thyroiditis;
- old and old age.
Also, this reaction can be false positive after various vaccinations and vaccinations.
However, in the event that the microprecipitation reaction or its more perfect analogue - RPR - are negative, then this cannot unambiguously indicate the absence of a syphilitic infection. A patient can become infected with syphilis literally two or three days, a week or two before the examination, and then the antibodies in the blood simply do not have time to appear. This condition is called seronegative early syphilis. A completely opposite situation is also possible, when the patient has been ill for 10 or 20 years and has late tertiary syphilis with no antibodies in the blood plasma.
If RMP or RPR is positive
Of course, what worries people the most is if RMP is positive.
In this case, it is necessary to carry out additional confirmatory tests, which were discussed above. If the subject of choice is and , then their specificity is much higher and is 100% with a sensitivity of 95%. But even these additional methods may also give a false positive result, especially in the case of concomitant inflammatory diseases and autoimmune processes. That is why in clinical practice necessarily confirm the diagnosis of syphilis using two additional methods. This may be an immunofluorescence reaction or immobilization of syphilis pathogens (RIBT). But these studies are expensive and rarely used.
It is possible to use the complement fixation reaction (CFR), which uses a specific treponemal antigen. An immune blot is indicated, which helps in doubtful cases with unclear clinical picture. Finally, polymerase comes to the rescue. chain reaction, which can be used to determine the presence of spirochete pallidum DNA in the patient's body.
Price: on request
You can add an item to your shopping cart by specifying the quantity
Antigen cardiolipin solution for microprecipitation reaction (RMP) ()
Instructions for medical use drug
Description of the pharmacological action
Detection of antibodies to the causative agent of syphilis.
Indications for use
Diagnosis of syphilis (study of active plasma or inactivated serum in the microprecipitation reaction).
Release form
solution for diagnostic purposes; ampoule 2 ml with a solvent in vials and an ampoule knife, cardboard pack 10;
Storage conditions
In a place protected from light, at a temperature of 6-22 ° C.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Best before date
Belonging to ATX-classification:
** The Medication Guide is for informational purposes only. For more information, please refer to the manufacturer's annotation. Do not self-medicate; Before you start using the drug Cardiolipin antigen for microprecipitation reaction (RMP), you should consult a doctor. EUROLAB is not responsible for the consequences caused by the use of the information posted on the portal. Any information on the site does not replace the advice of a doctor and cannot serve as a guarantee of the positive effect of the drug.
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