Ferric chloride solution 3 formula. Ferric chloride (iron (iii) chloride)
Attention! I haven’t tried that method myself, I just read about it in some book!
To make ferric chloride you need to take iron sawdust or thin plates and fill them with a solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl).
The sawdust is left in an open container for several days. After a few days the solution will turn green.
After this, the resulting solution is drained and after a while it is ready for “work”!
P.S. On July 13, 2007, we received a letter from the respected Vladimir Syrov, in which he wrote the following:
For decades, stories about the possibility of making ferric chloride at home have been circulating in amateur radio literature. There is something like this on this site (see above).
The unknown author honestly says “I haven’t tried this method myself.” But, apparently, NONE of those who ever wrote about this tried this method!!! And your humble servant tried it in the 90s, and the results are such that it’s better not to even try to do it.
Iron can be either trivalent or divalent. When combined with chlorine, two formulas are obtained - “ferrum chlorine two” and “ferrum chlorine three”. The first is green crystals, the second is yellow-brown. Only ferric chloride is suitable for etching copper printed circuit boards; “ferrum chlorine two” does not work - this has been established experimentally. Or at least it doesn't work well. And with the described artisanal method (fill iron filings with hydrochloric acid), according to some laws of chemistry, the result is exactly “ferrum chlorine two”. In some more detailed publications on this topic, this fact seems to be taken into account - they write something like “if you get a greenish
solution - let it stand in the open air until it turns yellowish-brown." Tested experimentally - it doesn’t work! It stood for weeks and months... Some insignificant part of the divalent iron is oxidized to trivalent, but nothing more.
I tried to heat the solution, evaporate, dry, and leave greenish crystals in the air.... Additional oxidation by passing oxygen and then chlorine through the solution.... Everything is useless! I almost poisoned myself and poisoned those around me, but I never got a practically significant result, a noticeable yield of “ferrum chlorine three”!
Please note that we are dealing with poisons here! Hydrochloric acid is a solution of ash-chlorine gas in water. It “gases”, that is, “ash-chlorine” evaporates from it. This gas, combining with water on the mucous membranes of the respiratory organs (nose, mouth, trachea and bronchi, lungs) turns into the same hydrochloric acid! The chlorine that I managed to obtain in sufficient quantities is actually a specific poison. It’s worth thinking about the fact that health is more valuable! Currently, in any large city there is no problem buying ferric chloride somewhere on the radio market and not having to worry about making it. As it turned out, in industry, chloric (not chloride!) iron is produced in a completely different way - by burning iron in an atmosphere of chlorine. It goes without saying that this method is hardly feasible at home.
Even if you have ready-made ferric chloride, I would advise you to be careful - poison it somewhere under an air draft, on a balcony, somewhere in a garage... In order to protect not only your own health, but also that of your immediate household. Not to mention the lead, which is part of tin-lead solder. Very small amounts of vapor
Lead, entering the body, causes over time chronic poisoning, various diseases, including tooth decay.... It is not for nothing that there are very strict instructions for the installation of exhaust ventilation in production. But at home, in everyday life, radio amateurs very often neglect this, but in vain. In fact, this lead is quite enough
A little. But the consequences do not come immediately... And there is little good in chlorides either...
So the author of the publication (quoting someone) writes: “after a while the solution will turn green.” This will be ferrous chloride, and not what you should get. And as for the fact that “after some time” it will still be ready for work.... Alas. If you don't believe me, try checking it yourself! And only then can you write a recipe when it
personally verified by experience. It’s not worth writing from other people’s words.
A number of properties that ferric chloride possesses due to its chemical composition make this substance indispensable in industry. Thus, ferric chloride is used in radio electronics to poison circuit boards; in the food industry it participates in the process of brewing and baking bakery products; is part of the reagents that are used when printing photographs; in the textile industry it participates in the production of fabrics; using ferric chloride to purify water on an industrial scale; Ferric chloride is an important element in the metallurgical and chemical industries.
In addition, ferric chloride is necessary for a person to function normally. It helps the body replenish iron deficiency associated with blood loss or impaired iron absorption. Since a lack of ferric chloride can negatively affect the functioning of the body, there are many drugs in pharmacology that contain FeCl₃.
Methods of obtaining
There are several ways to obtain iron trichloride. Thus, ferric chloride is the result of the interaction of monovalent iron with pure chlorine: 2Fe + 3Cl2 = FeCl₃.
In addition, ferric chloride can be obtained by oxidizing ferrous chloride with chlorine: 2FeCl2 + Cl2 = 2FeCl₃.
Ferric chloride is also produced by the oxidation of iron (II) chloride with sulfur dioxide. In this case, a more complex chemical reaction occurs: 4FeCl2 + SO2 + 4HCl = 4FeCl3 + S + 2H2O.
At home, you can conduct several interesting experiments in which you can obtain ferric chloride.
Experiment 1.
You will need heavily rusted iron filings (ordinary rust from an old pipe will do) and a solution of hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 1:3. The iron must be placed in a glass container and filled with hydrochloric acid. Since the chemical reaction in this case proceeds quite slowly, you will have to wait several days. When the reagent acquires a characteristic yellow-brown tint, the liquid is drained from the container and the resulting precipitate is filtered.Experiment 2.
In a glass container, mix a 30% solution of hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid and water in a ratio of 2:2:6. As a result of a chemical reaction, a solution of ferric chloride is formed.Experiment 3.
Ferric chloride can also be obtained by the reaction of hydrochloric acid and iron oxide Fe2O3. To do this, hydrochloric acid is placed in a glass container. Be careful, iron oxide (iron lead) is added to it in small portions.It is important to remember that hydrochloric acid is very toxic and causes serious burns if it comes into contact with the skin. In addition, during chemical reactions, iron vapors are released, which can cause damage to the respiratory and visual organs. Rubber gloves, a protective mask and goggles will help prevent these negative consequences.
Ferric chloride (ferric chloride, ferric chloride, FeCl 3) is a chemical reagent that contains hydrochloric acid and ferric iron. Ferric chloride appears as a soft crystalline form of violet, green, brownish-reddish or dark brown color with a metallic luster, and is hygroscopic. When interacting with air, it resembles wet sand - it acquires a yellowish tint. The formed hydrates are highly soluble in water, ether, acetone and alcohol. The range from the boiling point to the melting point is from 319° C to -309° C. A natural source for the production of ferric chloride is molysite (mineral). The simplest method for obtaining this chemical reagent is to heat the gland with chlorine to a certain temperature. As a by-product, it is obtained as a result of hot chlorination or oxidation of FeCl 2 with further evaporation of ferric chloride.
Areas of application
Due to its unique composition, the chemical reagent has found wide application in many industries: 
- textile (when dyeing fabrics);
- chemical (in the manufacture of iron pigments and other iron salts);
- electronic (when working with printed circuit boards);
- environmental (for wastewater treatment);
- food (improved flour for the production of bakery products);
- publishing production (as a reagent in photography);
- jewelry production;
- metallurgy (for metalworking);
- brewery.
Ferric chloride in pharmacology and medicine
Ferric chloride is an essential element for the normal functioning of the body. Its deficiency can lead to serious illnesses. Thanks to iron in the form of salts, the body quickly replenishes it and takes part in the following processes:
- is an additional source of iron in the body (if its content is low - anemia);
- regulates redox reactions (binds oxygen), stimulates erythropoiesis;
- restores blood loss from injuries;
- when iron absorption decreases (during periods of intensive growth, during pregnancy);
- to stop bleeding (apply a cotton swab with solution to the wound).
Precautions when working with ferric chloride
Given the highly staining effect upon contact with chlorine 
with iron, you should remember: in order to avoid darkening of the teeth, a medicinal product based on such a chemical reagent should be taken orally only through a tube. If the stool changes, the single dose should be reduced, but the frequency of administration should be increased. It is not recommended to take the drug if you have gastrointestinal dysfunction. If ferric chloride comes into contact with your skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water. In case of contact with mucous membranes, it may cause burns. It is recommended as first aid - copious rinsing with clean water, then treatment by a doctor.
You also need to remember that this chemical is fire and explosive. Ferric chloride should be stored in closed packaging away from sunlight and heating devices.
Making ferric chloride at home or in the laboratory
1 way. Place ordinary rust in a laboratory glassware or laboratory glassware and dilute it with hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 1:3. The resulting chemical reagent (a characteristic feature is a yellowish-brown color) is drained after 2-3 days and, if necessary, passed through filter paper.
Method 2. Hydrochloric acid is poured into a laboratory glass container and red lead is added in small portions. It is important to remember that when working with caustic chemicals, and this includes hydrochloric acid, safety precautions should be observed. Laboratory work should be carried out wearing examination seals or nitrile gloves, an apron and a protective mask.
After laboratory work, the room should be well ventilated, since iron vapor can cause damage to the respiratory system, vision and skin.
Where to buy ferric chloride in Moscow?
The ideal store where you can buy ferric chloride in Moscow is the store chemical reagents Moscow retail "Prime Chemicals Group". Our online store presents all types of laboratory equipment and instruments, laboratory glassware, laboratory glassware, rubber products, laboratory glass. All products have passed quality control at the manufacturer and meet all GOST standards.
Ferric chloride- average salt of ferric iron and hydrochloric acid. In appearance, this chemical raw material is a soft crystalline mass of rusty-brownish-black color. Its boiling point is 319°C, melting point is 309°C. Ferric chloride is formed by heating iron with chlorine. It can also be obtained as a by-product in the production of titanium chloride TiCl4 and aluminum chloride AlCl3. Another way to obtain ferric chloride is hot chlorination or oxidation of a FeCl2 solution followed by evaporation of the FeCl3 solution.
The scope of application of ferric chloride is quite wide. It is used as coagulant for water purification, as a catalyst in organic synthesis, as a mordant in the process of dyeing fabrics, as well as for the preparation of iron pigments and other iron salts. Ferric chloride solution is also used for etching printed circuit boards.
Ferric chloride has become quite widespread as a coagulant in the process of treating industrial and municipal wastewater. Compared to other coagulants, in particular aluminum sulfate, this chemical product has an important advantage - ferric chloride endowed with a high rate of deposition of various impurities. As a result of hydrolysis, ferric chloride forms slightly soluble iron hydroxide. During its formation, various organic and inorganic impurities are captured, forming loose flakes that are easily removed from the wastewater being treated. Such flakes, with a density of 1001–1100 g/l and a size of 0.5–3.0 millimeters, have a fairly large surface with excellent sorption activity. In the process of their formation, suspended substances (large microorganisms, plankton cells, silt, plant remains), colloidal particles, as well as some of the pollutant ions associated on the surface of these particles are included in the structure. With the help of this product, the sludge sedimentation process proceeds much faster and deeper. Another advantage of ferric chloride is its beneficial effect on the biochemical decomposition of sludge. For high-quality wastewater treatment, 30 g of ferric chloride is required per cubic meter. Water purification with ferric chloride reduces the content of soluble impurities to 25 percent, and insoluble impurities to 95 percent. During the treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater, toxic compounds and microorganisms are destroyed by sodium hypochlorite.
Due to its pronounced acidic properties, ferric chloride is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis processes, in the production of heat-resistant resins and in the oxidation of petroleum bitumen. Ferric chloride is an energetic chlorinating agent, so it is used for the selective extraction of certain ore components. In particular, this chemical feedstock is required in aromatic hydrocarbons for electrophilic substitution reactions. The use of aqueous solutions of ferric chloride is also well known. Possessing fairly mild etching properties, they are used in the electronics industry and instrument making for etching printed circuit boards, metal parts and copper foil. Applicable ferric chloride and in construction. It is used as an additive to Portland cement to speed up the setting process. The addition of ferric chloride significantly increases the strength of concrete. This product is also used in other areas of human life, in particular:
with its help, natural waters in water treatment systems are clarified;
oil is removed from the wastewater of oil and fat plants;
it is used in the purification of wastewater from leather and fur enterprises from chromium compounds;
for softening drinking water;
as well as in organochlorine synthesis
